Skeletal and Cognitive Effects of Nutrition From Eggs

NCT ID: NCT03739424

Last Updated: 2020-11-03

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

182 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-04-28

Study Completion Date

2020-07-11

Brief Summary

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This project is the first egg feeding randomized controlled trial (RCT) in children. The goal of this RCT is to determine if eating formulated whole egg products for 9 months improves bone health and cognitive function in children ages 9-13 years more than children consuming products made of milk powder or gelatin.

Detailed Description

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This 9-month randomized controlled trial is an egg product intervention in otherwise healthy, 9-13 year-old children in the early stages of puberty (N=120). It will assess changes in bone material and geometric properties using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Cognitive function will be measured by the National Institute of Health's Toolbox. Participants will be randomized to one of 3 treatment (i.e., whole egg powder, whole milk powder, or gelatin) groups, and instructed to consume the food projects 10 times/week in substitute for other similar food products in their diet for 9-months. Five product choices per treatment group will be provided. The food products were developed specifically for this study by the University of Georgia's Food Product Innovation and Commercialization center and consumer tested. Additionally, these food products will be micro-tested prior to distribution to participants. We hypothesize that children consuming whole egg products will have enhanced bone outcomes and cognitive abilities in comparison to those consuming whole milk powder or gelatin.

Conditions

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Bone Health Cognitive Health

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Investigators

Study Groups

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Whole egg powder arm

The whole egg powder arm will be part of our food product intervention. Food products created using whole egg powder will be provided and consumed 10x/week for 9 months. Each food item will contain the equivalent of one whole egg.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Whole egg powder

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will receive waffles, pancakes, brownies, ice cream and mac and cheese made with whole egg powder. The food projects were developed specifically for this study by the University of Georgia's Food Product Innovation and Commercialization Center and consumer tested by children within the study age range prior to intervention enrollment.

Whole milk powder arm

The whole milk powder arm will be part of our food product intervention. Food products created using whole milk powder will be provided and consumed 10x/week for 9 months. These items will have the equivalent amount of protein as the whole egg group. They will be isocaloric in nature.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Whole milk powder

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will receive waffles, pancakes, brownies, ice cream and mac and cheese made with whole milk powder. The food projects were developed specifically for this study by the University of Georgia's Food Product Innovation and Commercialization Center and consumer tested by children within the study age range prior to intervention enrollment.

Gelatin arm

The gelatin food products will be a part of our food product intervention. Food products created using gelatin will be provided and consumed 10x/week for 9 months. These items will be isocaloric in nature to the other treatment arms but will not contain additional protein.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Gelatin food product

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will receive waffles, pancakes, brownies, ice cream and mac and cheese made with gelatin. The food projects were developed specifically for this study by the University of Georgia's Food Product Innovation and Commercialization Center and consumer tested by children within the study age range prior to intervention enrollment.

Interventions

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Whole egg powder

Participants will receive waffles, pancakes, brownies, ice cream and mac and cheese made with whole egg powder. The food projects were developed specifically for this study by the University of Georgia's Food Product Innovation and Commercialization Center and consumer tested by children within the study age range prior to intervention enrollment.

Intervention Type OTHER

Whole milk powder

Participants will receive waffles, pancakes, brownies, ice cream and mac and cheese made with whole milk powder. The food projects were developed specifically for this study by the University of Georgia's Food Product Innovation and Commercialization Center and consumer tested by children within the study age range prior to intervention enrollment.

Intervention Type OTHER

Gelatin food product

Participants will receive waffles, pancakes, brownies, ice cream and mac and cheese made with gelatin. The food projects were developed specifically for this study by the University of Georgia's Food Product Innovation and Commercialization Center and consumer tested by children within the study age range prior to intervention enrollment.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Apparently healthy and well-nourished
* White, Black or Hispanic
* Males and females between the chronological ages of 9-13 years
* Sexual maturation rating, as measured by Tanner, at stages 2/3.
* Must be willing to provide a blood sample
* Not allergic to egg or egg products, milk or milk products, or gelatin

Exclusion Criteria

* Achievement of menarche (females)
* Sexual maturation rating, as measured by Tanner, at stages 4/5
* Known bone disease or disease know to influence bone metabolism (e.g., cerebral palsy, intestinal malabsorption, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis)
* Known growth disorders
* The use of medications that may influence bone metabolism (e.g., corticosteroids, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medications)
* Allergic to egg or egg products, milk or milk products, or gelatin
Minimum Eligible Age

9 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

13 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Egg Nutrition Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Georgia

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Dr. Richard D. Lewis

UGA Foundation Professor in Family and Consumer Sciences

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Richard D Lewis, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Georgia

Nicole J Crenshaw

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

University of Georgia

Locations

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University of Georgia

Athens, Georgia, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Tulsky DS, Carlozzi NE, Chevalier N, Espy KA, Beaumont JL, Mungas D. V. NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB): measuring working memory. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 2013 Aug;78(4):70-87. doi: 10.1111/mono.12035.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 23952203 (View on PubMed)

Akshoomoff N, Newman E, Thompson WK, McCabe C, Bloss CS, Chang L, Amaral DG, Casey BJ, Ernst TM, Frazier JA, Gruen JR, Kaufmann WE, Kenet T, Kennedy DN, Libiger O, Mostofsky S, Murray SS, Sowell ER, Schork N, Dale AM, Jernigan TL. The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery: results from a large normative developmental sample (PING). Neuropsychology. 2014 Jan;28(1):1-10. doi: 10.1037/neu0000001. Epub 2013 Nov 11.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 24219608 (View on PubMed)

Weintraub S, Dikmen SS, Heaton RK, Tulsky DS, Zelazo PD, Bauer PJ, Carlozzi NE, Slotkin J, Blitz D, Wallner-Allen K, Fox NA, Beaumont JL, Mungas D, Nowinski CJ, Richler J, Deocampo JA, Anderson JE, Manly JJ, Borosh B, Havlik R, Conway K, Edwards E, Freund L, King JW, Moy C, Witt E, Gershon RC. Cognition assessment using the NIH Toolbox. Neurology. 2013 Mar 12;80(11 Suppl 3):S54-64. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182872ded.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 23479546 (View on PubMed)

Zelazo PD, Anderson JE, Richler J, Wallner-Allen K, Beaumont JL, Weintraub S. II. NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB): measuring executive function and attention. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 2013 Aug;78(4):16-33. doi: 10.1111/mono.12032.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 23952200 (View on PubMed)

O'Connor PJ, Chen X, Coheley LM, Yu M, Laing EM, Oshri A, Marand A, Lance J, Kealey K, Lewis RD. The effects of 9 months of formulated whole-egg or milk powder food products as meal or snack replacements on executive function in preadolescents: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 Dec 19;116(6):1663-1671. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac281.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36173384 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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2521RC296228

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id