Development of an IDEAL Framework to Standardise Cytoreductive Surgery for Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases
NCT ID: NCT03733184
Last Updated: 2023-11-29
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
COMPLETED
200 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2016-03-10
2019-11-30
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
The big challenge is to do trials in this setting - as the intervention is complex, and there are wide variations in the process and recording of outcomes. If trials can confirm the findings from non-randomised studies there are an estimated 1000 to 2000 patients who may benefit from this intervention in the UK each year. The aim of this study is to develop a framework which can be used to undertake a randomised trial in patients with PMCR suitable for CRS with or without HIPEC.
The investigators will address this using the principles of the IDEAL (Idea, Development, Evaluation, Assessment \& Long term study) framework. Here, a pre-trial feasibility study will be performed between the two national peritoneal tumour treatment centres (Manchester and Basingstoke).
This study is designed as such that it will take place over the following four stages:
Stage 1. Comparing the treatment data from 100 operations from each of the two centres to identify which of the key components of the intervention differ as well as testing for differences in overall survival and recurrence free survival.
Stage 2. Identifying sources of these differences by selecting up to 25 patients and investigating the variation in the way surgeons score key aspects of the procedure
Stage 3. Development of a 'trial manual' with standardised definitions (to minimise any differences)
Stage 4. Test how well people follow the manual in practice. After this study is complete, it will be possible to use the resulting trial manual to design future randomised trials to test the most suitable clinical question.
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
In the UK, with 37,000 new colorectal cancers per annum, there are an estimated 1000 to 2000 patients who may benefit from this intervention. There are currently two treatment centres (Manchester and Basingstoke), with additional new centres in Birmingham and Dublin starting to roll out to meet this unmet need.
There is only one published randomised trial in this field, which is now mainly historic (2003). There are a small number of on-going trials, but these are small-scale and have encountered various early problems, which can be summarised as follows:
(i) Wide variation in the treatment process, such that there has been between-arm imbalances in key prognostic components (such as different case mix between arms); and
(ii) Wide variation of the reported treatment-related outcomes, such that it is unclear whether results are generalizable to other centres.
There are potentially two broad sources of this variability :
(i) Wide variation in clinical practice (ii) Poorly-reproducible methods of recording key prognostic factors and outcomes
With the 'new wave' of emerging peritoneal tumour (PT) treatment centres, across the UK and Ireland, there are opportunities to integrate phase III trials into this clinical network - hence the timing of this study. In the past 12 months, there have been two meetings (Basingstoke: April 2014; December 2014) outlining the frameworks on which to develop new PT treatment centres, benchmarked against the established reference centres (Manchester and Basingstoke). These meetings have strongly supported the parallel development of an integrated PT research network.
The overarching aim of this study is to develop a robust and reproducible framework in which to undertake a phase III trial in patients with PMCR suitable for CRS with or without HIPEC. As CRS with HIPEC is a complex multi-component intervention, this agenda will be addressed using the principles of the IDEAL (Idea, Development, Evaluation, Assessment \& Long term study) framework.
Stage 1 - Documenting between-centre variability For the first stage of the study, 200 eligible patients will be identified from prospective databases located at The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. In both cases, the data extracted will be extracted from pre-existing databases and will be fully anonymised and at no point will the research team see any patient identifiable information. The anonymised data will be entered into a password protected Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet and sent using secure NHS Mail account to the study co-ordinator.
To investigate the between-centre variability the investigators will collect the following 19 core variables from 100 patients from each trust:
1. Age at time of operation
2. Gender
3. WHO Performance Status
4. Primary Vs Secondary Surgery
5. Previous chemotherapy - If Yes - regimen, date and dose
6. Nodal status at diagnosis and time or surgery
7. HIPEC regimen used
8. Primary Tumour Site
9. Blood transfusion requirements
10. Duration of operation
11. Peritoneal cancer index (PCI Score)
12. Cytoreduction completeness score
13. Type of Stoma
14. Highest complication grade
15. Peri-operative 30-day mortality
16. Date Last Seen
17. Date of Recurrence
18. Date of Initial Cytoreduction \& HIPEC
19. Date of Death (if applicable)
The data collected will then be analysed to establish if there are any significant differences between the variables collected from each dataset. This will be primarily carried out by the project statistician using STATA 14 software.
Stage 2 - Identifying sources of variability The second stage will focus on reproducibility and explore within and between-observer sources of variability. The procedure for this stage will be partially dependant on the findings from the analysis at the end of stage 1. However, the main focus will be on the assessment of intra-operative staging \[namely Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) score\] - the best available instrument to stratify case-mix.
This stage of this study involves intra-operative photographs \& videos of intra-abdominal tumour deposits in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal metastases of colorectal origin. The photographs \& videos will be taken in a systematic manner through 13 zones, using an internationally recognised grid, to derive patient-level scores of the burden of tumour. The only risk to patients is approximately 15 minutes additional anaesthetic time. The study requires 12 patients with complete recordings of all 13 zones - it is estimated that up to 25 patients might need to be consented to derive a full complement of 12 sets. These individuals will consent to partake in the study. The scores will be linked with other patient-level clinical, pathological, and imaging data.
Patient identification and recruitment process Patients will first be identified at the weekly colorectal Multi-Disciplinary Team meeting by the colorectal consultant supervising the study. The selected patients will later be approached by a core member of the clinical team during their pre-op clinic visit to participate in the study. A patient information sheet will be handed to them at least 24 hours before they are required to consent for the study. This will contain all the details of the study and state that participation is voluntary. There will also be details on how to withdraw from the study if so desired.
Once all the required photographs \& videos have been collected, they will be imported into a secure database and used to create an electronic survey for colorectal surgeons based within the UK and internationally. Each surgeon will be sent a link to the survey where they will first view a welcome page informing them of the process.
They will then proceed to view a set of videos taken at the start of an operation and then asked to assess how they would score the PCI. Once they have entered a score between 0 and 39, they will then go on to view the photographs/videos taken after the cytoreduction has been performed and assess how they would rate the CC score (CC0, CC1, CC2 or CC3). They will then go on to do the same for the remaining procedures. The order in which the procedures appear will be randomised in order to reduce any scoring bias. Once all required consultants have completed the survey, the scores will be extracted and analysed for inter-observer variation.
Stage 3 - Development of trial manual to standardise variation The next stage of the study is to utilities the Delphi method to send out a modified version of the electronic questionnaire over a number of rounds. The results from the initial questionnaire sent out in Stage 2 will be analysed to establish which regions had agreement from less than 70% of the participants.
The survey will then be redistributed with a set of explanations \& definitions which will aim to have participants converge on the same ("correct") score. In addition, each answer will display the percentage of participants who selected each score in the previous round. If there continues to be regions with an agreement level of less than 70%, additional rounds will take place with further definitions based on the feedback received until all regions have reached the required level of agreement.
Stage 4 - Testing of the trial manual The final stage of the project will be to test the fidelity of the trial manual assembled in stage 3. The workshop that takes place in stage 3 will involve a discussion of exactly which components of the trial manual are to be audited. This audit will take place during the final three months of the project and will use the same databases from the first stage of the study. In addition, the scoring of PCI and CC scores will be re-assessed using the same images \& videos captured in stage 2 of the study to see if there has been any standardisation in the scoring since the manual was distributed.
The results from this audit will be sent to the colorectal surgery teams at all involved centres and if required, will highlight any areas of the trial manual that do not appear to be adhered to.
At the end of stage 1, 2 and 3 the data collected will be analysed by the project statistician. STATA 14 software will be used to compare baseline and matched characteristics between patients treated at The Christie NHS FT and Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. This will be done by using standard tests for continuous variables (Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, respectively) and categorical variables (χ² and McNemar tests, respectively).
The results from the staff questionnaire will also be used to investigate between and within-observer variability.
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
COHORT
RETROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
The Christie NHS FT
Patients treated by Cytoreduction and Heated Intraperitoneal Surgery at The Christie NHS Foundation Trust (one of the two initial, primary treatment centres) for Colorectal Peritoneal Metastasis.
Cytoreduction and Heated Intraperitoneal Surgery
Cytoreductive Surgery is a procedure that aims for the complete removal of all visible tumours affecting the protective lining of the abdomen. After the surgical procedure is completed, the surgeon introduces a heated, sterile solution mixed with chemotherapy drugs into the abdominal cavity (the HIPEC).
Hampshire Hospitals NHS FT
Patients treated by Cytoreduction and Heated Intraperitoneal Surgery at Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (one of the two initial, primary treatment centres) for Colorectal Peritoneal Metastasis.
Cytoreduction and Heated Intraperitoneal Surgery
Cytoreductive Surgery is a procedure that aims for the complete removal of all visible tumours affecting the protective lining of the abdomen. After the surgical procedure is completed, the surgeon introduces a heated, sterile solution mixed with chemotherapy drugs into the abdominal cavity (the HIPEC).
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
Cytoreduction and Heated Intraperitoneal Surgery
Cytoreductive Surgery is a procedure that aims for the complete removal of all visible tumours affecting the protective lining of the abdomen. After the surgical procedure is completed, the surgeon introduces a heated, sterile solution mixed with chemotherapy drugs into the abdominal cavity (the HIPEC).
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
* Diagnosed with histologically proven peritoneal metastasis of colorectal origin
* Undergone Cytoreductive Surgery with HIPEC at either The Christie NHS Foundation Trust or Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
* Able to give informed consent
* Treatment with curative intent
* No diagnosed distant metastasis
Exclusion Criteria
* Palliative patients
* Diagnosed distant metastasis
18 Years
90 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
The Christie NHS Foundation Trust
OTHER
Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
OTHER
University Hospital Birmingham
OTHER
Bowel Disease Research Foundation (BDRF)
UNKNOWN
University of Manchester
OTHER
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
Lee Malcomson
Research Associate
Principal Investigators
Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.
Andrew G Renehan, PhD
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
The University of Manchester
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
NICE. Cytoreduction surgery followed by hyperthermic intraoperative peritoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis. IPG331. 2010.
McCulloch P, Altman DG, Campbell WB, Flum DR, Glasziou P, Marshall JC, Nicholl J; Balliol Collaboration; Aronson JK, Barkun JS, Blazeby JM, Boutron IC, Campbell WB, Clavien PA, Cook JA, Ergina PL, Feldman LS, Flum DR, Maddern GJ, Nicholl J, Reeves BC, Seiler CM, Strasberg SM, Meakins JL, Ashby D, Black N, Bunker J, Burton M, Campbell M, Chalkidou K, Chalmers I, de Leval M, Deeks J, Ergina PL, Grant A, Gray M, Greenhalgh R, Jenicek M, Kehoe S, Lilford R, Littlejohns P, Loke Y, Madhock R, McPherson K, Meakins J, Rothwell P, Summerskill B, Taggart D, Tekkis P, Thompson M, Treasure T, Trohler U, Vandenbroucke J. No surgical innovation without evaluation: the IDEAL recommendations. Lancet. 2009 Sep 26;374(9695):1105-12. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61116-8.
Verwaal VJ, van Ruth S, de Bree E, van Sloothen GW, van Tinteren H, Boot H, Zoetmulder FA. Randomized trial of cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy and palliative surgery in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Oct 15;21(20):3737-43. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2003.04.187.
Blazeby JM, Blencowe NS, Titcomb DR, Metcalfe C, Hollowood AD, Barham CP. Demonstration of the IDEAL recommendations for evaluating and reporting surgical innovation in minimally invasive oesophagectomy. Br J Surg. 2011 Apr;98(4):544-51. doi: 10.1002/bjs.7387. Epub 2011 Jan 18.
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
31407
Identifier Type: REGISTRY
Identifier Source: secondary_id
199442
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id