Trial Outcomes & Findings for The Potential for Clinical Dependence and Withdrawal Symptoms Associated With Valbenazine (NCT NCT03698331)

NCT ID: NCT03698331

Last Updated: 2020-06-04

Results Overview

A withdrawal-emergent adverse event is an adverse event that begins during the Withdrawal Period.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

89 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

3 weeks

Results posted on

2020-06-04

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Overall Study
STARTED
44
45
Overall Study
Entered Withdrawal Period
42
39
Overall Study
COMPLETED
40
39
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
4
6

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Overall Study
Adverse Event
2
3
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
1
1
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
0
2
Overall Study
Non-compliance with study drug
1
0

Baseline Characteristics

The Potential for Clinical Dependence and Withdrawal Symptoms Associated With Valbenazine

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=44 Participants
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=45 Participants
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Total
n=89 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
54.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.5 • n=5 Participants
53.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.5 • n=7 Participants
54.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.5 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
19 Participants
n=5 Participants
18 Participants
n=7 Participants
37 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
25 Participants
n=5 Participants
27 Participants
n=7 Participants
52 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
19 Participants
n=5 Participants
17 Participants
n=7 Participants
36 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
25 Participants
n=5 Participants
28 Participants
n=7 Participants
53 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
19 Participants
n=7 Participants
32 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
30 Participants
n=5 Participants
25 Participants
n=7 Participants
55 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 weeks

Population: Dependence and Withdrawal Analysis Set, which includes all participants who were randomized, took at least one dose of study drug, and entered the Withdrawal Period.

A withdrawal-emergent adverse event is an adverse event that begins during the Withdrawal Period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=42 Participants
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=39 Participants
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Participants With Withdrawal-Emergent Adverse Events
9 Participants
13 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 weeks

Population: Dependence and Withdrawal Analysis Set, which includes all participants who were randomized, took at least one dose of study drug, and entered the Withdrawal Period.

The PWC-20 is a validated 20-item physician-rated survey that assesses the severity of potential symptoms of withdrawal. Items are rated on a scale from 0 to 3, with total scores ranging from 0 to 60. Worsening of symptoms is defined by 5 new symptoms of moderate or severe degree or a worsening of symptoms by 2 points on the PWC-20 scale during Weeks 5 to 7 compared with Week 4. Note: a 2-point worsening from 0 (none) at Week 4 to 2 (moderate) post-Week 4 is counted as a worsening of symptoms.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=42 Participants
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=39 Participants
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Participants Who Experience Worsening of Symptoms as Measured by the Physician Withdrawal Checklist-20 (PWC-20)
9 Participants
3 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 weeks

Population: Dependence and Withdrawal Analysis Set, which includes all participants who were randomized, took at least one dose of study drug, and entered the Withdrawal Period.

The PWC-20 is a validated 20-item physician-rated survey that assesses the severity of potential symptoms of withdrawal. Items are rated on a scale from 0 to 3, with total scores ranging from 0 to 60. Larger values indicate more severe symptoms. Rickels et al (J Clin Psychopharmacol 2008) cites PWC-20 mean scores associated with withdrawal in the range of 15 to 24.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=42 Participants
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=39 Participants
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Absolute Worst Total Score as Measured by the Physician Withdrawal Checklist-20 (PWC-20)
Mean absolute score at baseline
4.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.0
3.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.5
Absolute Worst Total Score as Measured by the Physician Withdrawal Checklist-20 (PWC-20)
Mean absolute score at withdrawal baseline
3.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.7
3.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.8
Absolute Worst Total Score as Measured by the Physician Withdrawal Checklist-20 (PWC-20)
Mean absolute worst total score
5.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.3
3.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 7 weeks

Population: Dependence and Withdrawal Analysis Set, which includes all participants who were randomized, took at least one dose of study drug, and entered the Withdrawal Period.

The mCSSA is an 18-item survey based on symptoms commonly associated with early cocaine abstinence, including depression, fatigue, anhedonia, anxiety, irritability, sleep disturbance, and inability to concentrate. Items are rated on scales of 0 to 7 or 0 to 8, with separate scale descriptions for each item. Larger values indicate more severe symptoms. The scale has been modified to be specific to study drug (valbenazine or placebo) instead of cocaine.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=42 Participants
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=39 Participants
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Severity of Withdrawal Symptoms as Measured by the Change From Withdrawal Baseline (Week 4) to Week 7 in the Modified Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment (mCSSA)
1.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.1
0.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 4, Week 7

Population: Efficacy analysis set was defined as all participants who were randomized to a treatment group, took at least one dose of study drug, and had a CGI-TD-I assessment at Week 4.

The CGI-TD-I scale is a 7-point scale (range; 1=very much improved to 7=very much worse) used to assess overall improvement in TD symptoms since the initiation of study drug dosing.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=41 Participants
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=40 Participants
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Overall Improvement From Baseline of TD Symptoms as Measured by the Clinical Global Impression-Tardive Dyskinesia-Improvement (CGI-TD-I) Score
End of Week 4
3.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.8
3.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.7
Overall Improvement From Baseline of TD Symptoms as Measured by the Clinical Global Impression-Tardive Dyskinesia-Improvement (CGI-TD-I) Score
End of Week 7
3.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.7
3.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.8

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 4, Week 7

Population: Efficacy analysis set was defined as all participants who were randomized to a treatment group, took at least one dose of study drug, and had a CGI-TD-S assessment at Week 4.

The CGI-TD-S scale is a 7-point scale (range; 1=normal, not at all ill to 7=among the most extremely ill patient) used to assess the overall global severity of TD.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=41 Participants
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=40 Participants
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Change in Severity of TD Symptoms as Measured by Change From Baseline in the Clinical Global Impression-Tardive Dyskinesia-Severity (CGI-TD-S) Scale
End of Week 4
-0.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.7
-0.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6
Change in Severity of TD Symptoms as Measured by Change From Baseline in the Clinical Global Impression-Tardive Dyskinesia-Severity (CGI-TD-S) Scale
End of Week 5
-0.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6
-0.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6
Change in Severity of TD Symptoms as Measured by Change From Baseline in the Clinical Global Impression-Tardive Dyskinesia-Severity (CGI-TD-S) Scale
End of Week 6
-0.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.5
-0.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6
Change in Severity of TD Symptoms as Measured by Change From Baseline in the Clinical Global Impression-Tardive Dyskinesia-Severity (CGI-TD-S) Scale
End of Week 7
-0.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.5
-0.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6

Adverse Events

Valbenazine/Placebo

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 12 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Placebo/Placebo

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 19 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=44 participants at risk
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=45 participants at risk
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Psychiatric disorders
Schizoaffective disorder
2.3%
1/44 • Up to 7 weeks
0.00%
0/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Psychiatric disorders
Psychotic disorder
0.00%
0/44 • Up to 7 weeks
2.2%
1/45 • Up to 7 weeks

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Valbenazine/Placebo
n=44 participants at risk
Valbenazine administered once daily for 4 weeks, followed by placebo administered once daily for 3 weeks.
Placebo/Placebo
n=45 participants at risk
Placebo administered once daily for 7 weeks.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhoea
11.4%
5/44 • Up to 7 weeks
4.4%
2/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Salivary hypersecretion
4.5%
2/44 • Up to 7 weeks
0.00%
0/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
4.5%
2/44 • Up to 7 weeks
4.4%
2/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
2.3%
1/44 • Up to 7 weeks
8.9%
4/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Dry mouth
0.00%
0/44 • Up to 7 weeks
4.4%
2/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Dizziness
4.5%
2/44 • Up to 7 weeks
2.2%
1/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Headache
4.5%
2/44 • Up to 7 weeks
11.1%
5/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Somnolence
4.5%
2/44 • Up to 7 weeks
2.2%
1/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Eye disorders
Dry eye
4.5%
2/44 • Up to 7 weeks
2.2%
1/45 • Up to 7 weeks
General disorders
Fatigue
4.5%
2/44 • Up to 7 weeks
0.00%
0/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Infections and infestations
Nasopharyngitis
2.3%
1/44 • Up to 7 weeks
4.4%
2/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Infections and infestations
Upper respiratory tract infection
2.3%
1/44 • Up to 7 weeks
8.9%
4/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Psychiatric disorders
Anxiety
2.3%
1/44 • Up to 7 weeks
4.4%
2/45 • Up to 7 weeks
Vascular disorders
Hypertension
0.00%
0/44 • Up to 7 weeks
4.4%
2/45 • Up to 7 weeks

Additional Information

Neurocrine Medical Information

Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc.

Phone: 877-641-3461

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place