Trial Outcomes & Findings for Prevalence of Acute Injuries in Amateur and Elite Mountain Bikers (NCT NCT03690219)

Results Overview

In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked about the "Number of injuries obtained during mountain biking".

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Target enrollment

99 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike injuries

Results posted on

2025-10-17

Participant Flow

At the 2017 Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event in Valais, riders completed a retrospective survey on bike-related injuries. 99 returned questionnaires were eligible for injury prevalence analysis. For the detailed analysis, 29 riders without injuries and 14 questionnaires with missing data were removed. Ultimately, 56 participants were included in the final analysis.

To assess eligibile data, incomplete data sets in terms of gender, age, riding level and injury reporting were excluded. In a next step, due to the low number of female respondents, female participants were excluded to ensure comparability and homogeneity of the data.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Elite Mountain Bikers A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire.	Amateur Mountain Bikers A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.
Overall Study STARTED	31	68
Overall Study COMPLETED	15	41
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	16	27

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure	Elite Mountain Bikers A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire.	Amateur Mountain Bikers A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.
Overall Study no injuries	9	20
Overall Study missing information	7	7

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Elite Mountain Bikers n=15 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire.	Amateur Mountain Bikers n=41 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.	Total n=56 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	32.47 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.12 • n=15 Participants	40.7 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.6 • n=41 Participants	39.40 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.7 • n=56 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	0 Participants n=15 Participants	0 Participants n=41 Participants	0 Participants n=56 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	15 Participants n=15 Participants	41 Participants n=41 Participants	56 Participants n=56 Participants
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected	—	—	0 Participants Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Region of Enrollment Switzerland	15 participants n=15 Participants	41 participants n=41 Participants	56 participants n=56 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike injuries

In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked about the "Number of injuries obtained during mountain biking".

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Elite Mountain Bikers n=15 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire.	Amateur Mountain Bikers n=41 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.
Prevalence of Injuries in Amateur and Elite Mountain Bikers	4.6 Number of injuries Standard Deviation 5.5	3.5 Number of injuries Standard Deviation 4.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At study enrollment, based on participants' retrospective self-report of the number of races per year and estimated training hours per week

In a retrospective questionnaire the participants were asked "How many races per year" they ride and whats their "Estimated training hours per week in regard to the season". The number of races per year was multiplied by the factor 4 to transform the number of races into training hours. Then, both values were added to get the training volume per year.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Elite Mountain Bikers n=15 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire.	Amateur Mountain Bikers n=41 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.
Training and Racing Volume	743.86 hours per year Standard Deviation 238.12	443.1 hours per year Standard Deviation 214.13

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike participation

In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked "Since how many years do you participate in mountain biking?".

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Elite Mountain Bikers n=15 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire.	Amateur Mountain Bikers n=41 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.
Years Practising Mountain Biking	15.73 years Standard Deviation 6.78	15.29 years Standard Deviation 8.89

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At study enrollment, based on participants' retrospective self-report of protective gear use

In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked to tick the protective gear (helment, gloves, eveywear, upper armour, lower armout, other) they are using for mountain biking.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Elite Mountain Bikers n=15 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire.	Amateur Mountain Bikers n=41 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.
Amount of Protective Gear Items	3.20 amount of worn protective gear items Standard Deviation 0.77	3.24 amount of worn protective gear items Standard Deviation 0.73

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike participation

The injury rate per 1000 hours exposure time was calculated as follows: the hours of exposure time per year were multiplied by the number of years practicing mountain biking to get the total hours at risk. Then, the total amount of injuries ever was divided by the total hours at risk, multiplied by 1000 hours to get the injury rate per 1000 hours of exposure time.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Elite Mountain Bikers n=15 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire.	Amateur Mountain Bikers n=41 Participants A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.
Injury Rate Per 1000hrs Exposure Time	0.39 injuries per 1000hrs exposure time	0.52 injuries per 1000hrs exposure time

Adverse Events

Elite Mountain Bikers

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Amateur Mountain Bikers

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr Ron Clijsen

Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI)

Phone: 0041 81 300 01 78

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place