Buprenorphine for Probationers and Parolees: Bridging the Gap Into Treatment

NCT ID: NCT03616236

Last Updated: 2026-02-03

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: SUSPENDED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE3
• Total Enrollment: 320 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-07-01
• Study Completion Date: 2026-12-30

Brief Summary

This five-year study will evaluate the effectiveness of the administration of buprenorphine bridge treatment (BBT) to probationers and parolees compared to treatment as usual (TAU), which consists of referral to a community buprenorphine treatment program.

Detailed Description

This five-year study will evaluate the effectiveness of the administration of buprenorphine bridge treatment (BBT) to probationers and parolees compared to treatment as usual (TAU), which consists of referral to a community buprenorphine treatment program. Project implementation will occur at Guilford Avenue, the primary intake unit for Baltimore City Community Supervision (Probation and Parole). The proposed study is a parallel two-group randomized controlled trial in which 160 men and 160 women with OUD on community supervision in Baltimore will be randomly assigned within community supervision status (probation or parole) and gender to one of two treatment conditions: (1) Buprenorphine Bridge Treatment (BBT): Participants will begin buprenorphine pharmacotherapy using the MedicaSafe buprenorphine dispensing device immediately after an on-site intake at a community supervision office and continue such treatment until they are transitioned to community buprenorphine treatment; or (2) Treatment as Usual (TAU): Participants will receive a referral to buprenorphine treatment in the community. Both conditions will receive information on overdose prevention. Participants will be assessed at baseline, and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months post-intake using a comprehensive assessment battery. The Primary Aim: To compare the relative effectiveness of BBT to TAU in terms of: (a) illicit opioid drug test (oral saliva) results. The Secondary Aim: To examine the extent to which BBT is superior to TAU in terms of: (b) number of days receiving opioid treatment; (c) number of days using illicit opioids; (d) quality of life (i. physical health; ii. mental health); (e) HIV risk behaviors (i. sexual behavior; ii. needle use or sharing); (f) criminal activity; (g) re-arrest; and (h) re-incarceration. The proposed study is significant because the large number of probationers/parolees with OUD have limited access to an efficacious treatment, buprenorphine pharmacotherapy. The proposed study is innovative because it would be the first trial in the US assessing the effectiveness of interim buprenorphine initiated at a community supervision office compared to referral to a community treatment program. The public health impact would be widespread, as this model of care could be scaled-up throughout many areas of the US with criminal justice populations with high rates of OUD.

Conditions

Opioid Use

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

TAU

Participants will receive a referral to buprenorphine treatment in the community.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Treatment as usual

Intervention Type: OTHER

Participants will receive a referral to buprenorphine treatment in the community

BBT

Participants will begin buprenorphine pharmacotherapy using the MedicaSafe buprenorphine dispensing device immediately after an on-site intake at a community supervision office and continue such treatment until they are transitioned to community buprenorphine treatment

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Buprenorphine/Naloxone

Intervention Type: DRUG

Participants will begin buprenorphine pharmacotherapy using the MedicaSafe buprenorphine dispensing device immediately after an on-site intake at a community supervision office and continue such treatment until they are transitioned to community buprenorphine treatment

Interventions

Buprenorphine/Naloxone

Participants will begin buprenorphine pharmacotherapy using the MedicaSafe buprenorphine dispensing device immediately after an on-site intake at a community supervision office and continue such treatment until they are transitioned to community buprenorphine treatment

Intervention Type: DRUG

Treatment as usual

Participants will receive a referral to buprenorphine treatment in the community

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

BBT; TAU

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Subject must provide written informed consent prior to the conduct of any study-related procedures

2. Male or female, 18-65 years of age, inclusive

3. Be on parole or probation for at least the next 4 months

4. Have a Baltimore City address, and (5) Primary diagnosis of (DSM-5) moderate-severe opioid use disorder (at least 4 symptoms) including current use and current physiologic dependence [Note: parolees not currently physically dependent will be allowed in the study].

Exclusion Criteria

1. Current medical condition that may prevent the participant from safely participating in the study as determined by medical evaluation

2. Current psychosis or suicidal ideation

3. Cognitive disorders that prevent the participant from passing a study enrollment quiz

4. Any pending legal action that would interrupt study participation (eg, pending incarceration, probation/parole revocation, unadjudicated charges)

5. Exposure to any investigational drug within 8 weeks of screening

6. Current use benzodiazepines (such as Valium, Xanax and other sedatives), either prescribed or illicitly obtained

7. Currently enrolled in a methadone maintenance treatment program or taking long-acting naltrexone.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 65 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Friends Research Institute, Inc.

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Locations

Division of Parole & Probation

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

FRI

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id