Trial Outcomes & Findings for Using Bluetooth Beacon Technology to Reduce Distracted Pedestrian Behavior (NCT NCT03604497)

Last Updated: 2020-11-24

Results Overview

percentage of street-crossings participants is distracted while crossing streets in intersections involved in the study, as measured electronically by smartphone behavior near those intersections. Electronic measurement was based on x-y-z coordinates of the smartphone during the crossing, as assessed and stored in the participants' phone storage.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

437 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

12 weeks

Results posted on

2020-11-24

Participant Flow

437 individuals enrolled and 385 crossed the street at least once during the protocol, suggesting they participated. The numbers do not add up since it is a crossover trial.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	All Study Participants baseline - participants do not receive any alerts on their mobile smartphone when near intersections active intervention phase - participants are receiving alerts to warn them about distracted pedestrian behavior near intersections (beacon alerts: alerts via unidirectional communication from beacons to smartphones when smartphones are approaching pedestrian crossing at activated intersection) retention phase - alerts have stopped after active intervention and behavior is monitored to test retention of learned behavior (no alerts retention: no alerts will appear, but we will measure retention of behavior learned during the active intervention stage) All participants engaged in all three phrases in the same order
Overall Study STARTED	437
Overall Study COMPLETED	385
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	52

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure	All Study Participants baseline - participants do not receive any alerts on their mobile smartphone when near intersections active intervention phase - participants are receiving alerts to warn them about distracted pedestrian behavior near intersections (beacon alerts: alerts via unidirectional communication from beacons to smartphones when smartphones are approaching pedestrian crossing at activated intersection) retention phase - alerts have stopped after active intervention and behavior is monitored to test retention of learned behavior (no alerts retention: no alerts will appear, but we will measure retention of behavior learned during the active intervention stage) All participants engaged in all three phrases in the same order
Overall Study Protocol Violation	52

Baseline Characteristics

A handful of participants declined to provide gender or indicated non-binary gender. Those cells are left as missing.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	All Study Participants n=437 Participants baseline - participants do not receive any alerts on their mobile smartphone when near intersections active intervention - participants are receiving alerts to warn them about distracted pedestrian behavior near intersections (beacon alerts: alerts via unidirectional communication from beacons to smartphones when smartphones are approaching pedestrian crossing at activated intersection) retention phase - alerts have stopped after active intervention and behavior is monitored to test retention of learned behavior (no alerts retention: no alerts will appear, but we will measure retention of behavior learned during the active intervention stage)
Age, Continuous	25.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.6 • n=437 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	287 Participants n=431 Participants • A handful of participants declined to provide gender or indicated non-binary gender. Those cells are left as missing.
Sex: Female, Male Male	144 Participants n=431 Participants • A handful of participants declined to provide gender or indicated non-binary gender. Those cells are left as missing.
Race/Ethnicity, Customized African American/Black	117 Participants n=437 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian/Pacific Islander	88 Participants n=437 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Hispanic	25 Participants n=437 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Native American/American Indian/Alaskan Native	4 Participants n=437 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized White	178 Participants n=437 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Other/Biracial/Biethnic/Prefer not to respond	25 Participants n=437 Participants
Region of Enrollment United States	437 participants n=437 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Population: Participants who crossed the street at least once during study protocol; crossover trial and all participants completed phases in the same order with no alerts baseline first, beacon alerts second, and no alerts retention third

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Beacon Alerts n=385 Participants active intervention - participants are receiving alerts to warn them about distracted pedestrian behavior near intersections beacon alerts: alerts via unidirectional communication from beacons to smartphones when smartphones are approaching pedestrian crossing at activated intersection	no Alerts Baseline n=385 Participants baseline - participants do not receive any alerts on their mobile smartphone when near intersections	no Alerts Retention n=385 Participants retention phase - alerts have stopped after active intervention and behavior is monitored to test retention of learned behavior no alerts retention: no alerts will appear, but we will measure retention of behavior learned during the active intervention stage
Percentage of Street Crossings Distracted	75 per cent of crossings distracted	74 per cent of crossings distracted	74 per cent of crossings distracted

Adverse Events

Beacon Alerts

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

no Alerts Baseline

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

no Alerts Retention

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr David Schwebel

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Phone: 2059348745

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place