Trial Outcomes & Findings for Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drop Study in Moderate or Severe Dry Eye (NCT NCT03569202)

NCT ID: NCT03569202

Last Updated: 2019-12-13

Results Overview

Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) is a questionnaire consisting of 12 questions subdivided into 3 subscales for measuring the frequency of dry eye symptoms, vision-related quality of life and environmental triggers during the previous week. Answers to each question are on a scale of 0 (None of the time) to 4 (All of the time). Both total OSDI and its subscale scores are on a scale of 0 to 100, calculated as follows: score = (sum of scores for questions answered/number of questions answered) x 25. Higher scores represent greater disability.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

64 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Results posted on

2019-12-13

Participant Flow

The study comprised three sequential parts. Parts 1 to 3 involved different participants each, thus no participant flow between parts (or periods) took place.

Unit of analysis: Eyes

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops * Part 1: on one eye 4 times during one day * Part 2: on one randomized eye 3 times a day for 10 days * Part 3: on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Control Eye Drops: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops * Part 1: not used * Part 2: on randomized contralateral eye 3 times a day for 10 days * Part 3: on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Part 1
STARTED
3 3
0 0
Part 1
COMPLETED
3 3
0 0
Part 1
NOT COMPLETED
0 0
0 0
Part 2
STARTED
9 9
9 9
Part 2
COMPLETED
9 9
9 9
Part 2
NOT COMPLETED
0 0
0 0
Part 3
STARTED
26 0
26 0
Part 3
COMPLETED
24 0
25 0
Part 3
NOT COMPLETED
2 0
1 0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops * Part 1: on one eye 4 times during one day * Part 2: on one randomized eye 3 times a day for 10 days * Part 3: on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Control Eye Drops: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops * Part 1: not used * Part 2: on randomized contralateral eye 3 times a day for 10 days * Part 3: on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Part 3
Physician Decision
1
0
Part 3
Other
1
1

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Total
n=52 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
55.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.8 • n=26 Participants
51.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.4 • n=26 Participants
53.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.6 • n=52 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
18 Participants
n=26 Participants
18 Participants
n=26 Participants
36 Participants
n=52 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
8 Participants
n=26 Participants
8 Participants
n=26 Participants
16 Participants
n=52 Participants
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Region of Enrollment
Finland
26 participants
n=26 Participants
26 participants
n=26 Participants
52 participants
n=52 Participants
Body Weight
75.1 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.7 • n=26 Participants
76.9 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.8 • n=26 Participants
76.0 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.8 • n=52 Participants
Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)
48.1 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.8 • n=26 Participants
45.6 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.3 • n=26 Participants
46.9 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.0 • n=52 Participants
Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT)
3.35 s
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.62 • n=26 Participants
3.46 s
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.04 • n=26 Participants
3.40 s
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.33 • n=52 Participants
Tear osmolarity
304.0 mOsm/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.8 • n=26 Participants
307.3 mOsm/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.4 • n=26 Participants
305.6 mOsm/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.1 • n=52 Participants
Blink rate
18.17 Blinks/min
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.49 • n=26 Participants
22.27 Blinks/min
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.93 • n=26 Participants
20.22 Blinks/min
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.28 • n=52 Participants
Ocular protection index (OPI)
0.98 ratio
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.937 • n=26 Participants
1.23 ratio
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.188 • n=26 Participants
1.11 ratio
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.067 • n=52 Participants
Corneal staining
1.37 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.794 • n=26 Participants
1.21 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.603 • n=26 Participants
1.29 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.703 • n=52 Participants
Conjunctival staining (temporal)
1.06 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.432 • n=26 Participants
1.06 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.497 • n=26 Participants
1.06 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.461 • n=52 Participants
Conjunctival staining (nasal)
1.23 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.430 • n=26 Participants
1.23 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.406 • n=26 Participants
1.23 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.414 • n=52 Participants
Conjunctival redness
1.98 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.685 • n=26 Participants
1.94 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.829 • n=26 Participants
1.96 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.753 • n=52 Participants
Lid redness
1.29 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.751 • n=26 Participants
1.29 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.724 • n=26 Participants
1.29 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.730 • n=52 Participants
Intraocular pressure
14.92 mmHg (Goldmann tonometer)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.134 • n=26 Participants
15.69 mmHg (Goldmann tonometer)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.558 • n=26 Participants
15.31 mmHg (Goldmann tonometer)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.364 • n=52 Participants
Ocular surgery, trauma, refractive laser vision correction
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
0 Participants
n=52 Participants
Eye infection
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
0 Participants
n=52 Participants
Allergy
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
0 Participants
n=52 Participants
Current or planned pregnancy and nursing
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
0 Participants
n=52 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) dataset

Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) is a questionnaire consisting of 12 questions subdivided into 3 subscales for measuring the frequency of dry eye symptoms, vision-related quality of life and environmental triggers during the previous week. Answers to each question are on a scale of 0 (None of the time) to 4 (All of the time). Both total OSDI and its subscale scores are on a scale of 0 to 100, calculated as follows: score = (sum of scores for questions answered/number of questions answered) x 25. Higher scores represent greater disability.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline OSDI
-24.64 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.186
-26.53 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.620

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) dataset

Instrumental assay of tear fluid osmolarity (mOsm/L)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Tear Osmolarity
-4.75 mOsm/L
Standard Deviation 16.224
-1.77 mOsm/L
Standard Deviation 21.531

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) dataset

Tear film break-up time (TBUT) (s)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline TBUT
1.71 s
Standard Deviation 3.424
0.87 s
Standard Deviation 1.809

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) dataset

Measurement of spontaneous eyelid blinks per minute

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Blink Rate
0.02 Blinks/min
Standard Deviation 8.721
-2.15 Blinks/min
Standard Deviation 10.161

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) dataset

OPI is the ratio of TBUT/IBI (IBI, interblink interval calculated from blink rate). An OPI value \>1 indicates that TBUT (s) exceeds IBI (s) and that the ocular surface is mostly tear-film protected, because tear film break-ups do not take place within spontaneous blink cycles.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Ocular Protection Index (OPI)
0.56 ratio
Standard Deviation 1.078
0.05 ratio
Standard Deviation 0.680

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Per-protocol (PP) dataset

Corneal staining score is assessed as the average number of punctate dots on an ordinal scale of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 (Oxford scale) when compared to a pictorial standard. The number of dots increases on a log scale. Higher score represents more intense staining.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=24 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=25 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Corneal Staining
-0.38 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.695
-0.22 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.522

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Per-protocol (PP) dataset

Conjunctival staining score is assessed as the average number of punctate dots on an ordinal scale of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 (Oxford scale) when compared to a pictorial standard. The number of dots increases on a log scale. Higher score represents more intense staining.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=24 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=25 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Conjunctival (Temporal) Staining
-0.19 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.507
-0.02 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.810

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Per-protocol (PP) dataset

Conjunctival staining score is assessed as the average number of punctate dots on an ordinal scale of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 (Oxford scale) when compared to a pictorial standard. The number of dots increases on a log scale. Higher score represents more intense staining.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=24 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=25 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Conjunctival (Nasal) Staining
-0.27 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.608
-0.12 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.666

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Safety dataset

Best corrected visual acuity (ETDRS charts 1 \& 2, 2000 series)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Visual Acuity
-0.03 logMAR chart log units
Standard Deviation 0.071
-0.04 logMAR chart log units
Standard Deviation 0.080

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Safety dataset

Conjunctival redness score is assessed on an ordinal scale of 0 to 4 (IER grading scale): 0 = not existing, 1 = very slight, 2 = slight, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe. Higher score represents more intense redness.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Conjunctival Redness
-0.46 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.647
-0.27 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.652

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Safety dataset

Eyelid redness score is assessed on an ordinal scale of 0 to 4 (IER grading scale): 0 = not existing, 1 = very slight, 2 = slight, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe. Higher score represents more intense redness.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Lid Redness
-0.37 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.672
-0.19 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.549

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: Safety dataset

Intraocular pressure measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry (mmHg)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=26 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Intraocular Pressure
-0.12 mmHg
Standard Deviation 1.705
-0.42 mmHg
Standard Deviation 1.653

POST_HOC outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to Day 30 (Part 3)

Population: ITT population with hyperosmolar tears (mean of eyes ≥308 mOsm/L)

Instrumental assay of tear fluid osmolarity (mOsm/L) in a hyperosmolar subgroup of participants (mean of eyes ≥308 mOsm/L)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=8 Participants
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Control Eye Drops
n=14 Participants
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Results are reported for Part 3 only: Topical application of preservative-free multidose Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops on both eyes 3 times a day for 30 days
Change From Baseline Tear Osmolarity in Hyperosmolar Participants
-17.06 mOsm/L
Standard Deviation 10.425
-15.07 mOsm/L
Standard Deviation 16.596

Adverse Events

Emulsion Eye Drops

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 1 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control Eye Drops

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Emulsion Eye Drops
n=38 participants at risk
Daily treatment with Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops Adverse events are reported for the safety population in all parts of the study, including all randomized subjects who received Piiloset Trehalose Emulsion Eye Drops at least once and from whom at least one safety measurement was obtained after randomization.
Control Eye Drops
n=35 participants at risk
Daily treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops (a CE-marked medical device) Adverse events are reported for the safety population in all parts of the study, including all randomized subjects who received Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops at least once and from whom at least one safety measurement was obtained after randomization.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
AE (adverse event)
2.6%
1/38 • Number of events 1 • Part 1: 1 day; Part 2: 10 days; Part 3: 30 days
ADE (adverse device effect); AE (adverse event); SADE (serious adverse device effect); SAE (serious adverse event); USADE (unanticipated serious adverse device effect) Total Number of Participants at Risk (safety population); Emulsion Eye Drops: 3 + 9 + 26 = 38 participants; Control Eye Drops: 0 + 9 + 26 = 35 participants. Adverse events were collected throughout the study during visits to study site, in study diaries, and from direct contacts to study personnel between visits.
0.00%
0/35 • Part 1: 1 day; Part 2: 10 days; Part 3: 30 days
ADE (adverse device effect); AE (adverse event); SADE (serious adverse device effect); SAE (serious adverse event); USADE (unanticipated serious adverse device effect) Total Number of Participants at Risk (safety population); Emulsion Eye Drops: 3 + 9 + 26 = 38 participants; Control Eye Drops: 0 + 9 + 26 = 35 participants. Adverse events were collected throughout the study during visits to study site, in study diaries, and from direct contacts to study personnel between visits.

Additional Information

Dr. Jarmo Laihia, Manager of Clinical & Formulation Development

Finnsusp Ltd.

Phone: 358 50 377 1212

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee The disclosure restrictions on the PI are that the sponsor can review results communications 30 days prior to planned date of public release. If public release of information in communications may jeopardize protecting sponsor's immaterial rights, the sponsor can additionally embargo the communications for a period that is less than or equal to 90 days from the time submitted to the sponsor for review. The sponsor cannot require changes to the communication and cannot extend the embargo.
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: OTHER