Trial Outcomes & Findings for Mobile Health Intervention for Active Tuberculosis (NCT NCT03544476)

Last Updated: 2025-03-26

Results Overview

Treatment outcomes will be measured using standard definitions set by the World Health Organization (WHO) Standards of TB treatment. Treatment success based on WHO definitions: completed (without bacteriological confirmation) or cured (negative sputum smear at 6 months and at least once prior to 6 months)). Other treatment outcomes include: failed (sputum smear positive at 5 months or later), died, defaulted (treatment interruption for ≥ 2 months), lost to follow-up (diagnosed, treatment outcome not documented), or transferred out (transferred to another reporting unit and treatment outcome is unknown).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

42 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

6 months

Results posted on

2025-03-26

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Mobile Phone TB Treatment Support App Daily use of the mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care. Participants will be asked to self-report daily TB medication administration, side-effects when applicable, and complete the direct adherence paper-based test randomly on 3-4 days of the week during the intensive treatment phase (first two months) and then 1-2 times per week during the maintenance phase (about month 3-6). Mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care: The behavioral intervention is delivered through a mobile phone TB support app. The functions allow the participant to: self-report daily administration of their TB medication, self-report side effects if applicable, review educational material on TB disease and its treatment, complete a treatment adherence monitoring test (urine drug metabolite test), take notes, and review their treatment progress/report. The drug metabolite test will require that the participant place a small amount of urine on the end of the paper strip, wait for results, and take a picture of the paper using the app. The purpose of this test is to confirm that medication was correctly taken within the past 24 hours.	Usual Care Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up. Usual care: Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up.
Overall Study STARTED	21	21
Overall Study COMPLETED	21	21
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Mobile Health Intervention for Active Tuberculosis

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Mobile Phone TB Treatment Support App n=21 Participants Daily use of the mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care. Participants will be asked to self-report daily TB medication administration, side-effects when applicable, and complete the direct adherence paper-based test randomly on 3-4 days of the week during the intensive treatment phase (first two months) and then 1-2 times per week during the maintenance phase (about month 3-6). Mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care: The behavioral intervention is delivered through a mobile phone TB support app. The functions allow the participant to: self-report daily administration of their TB medication, self-report side effects if applicable, review educational material on TB disease and its treatment, complete a treatment adherence monitoring test (urine drug metabolite test), take notes, and review their treatment progress/report. The drug metabolite test will require that the participant place a small amount of urine on the end of the paper strip, wait for results, and take a picture of the paper using the app. The purpose of this test is to confirm that medication was correctly taken within the past 24 hours.	Usual Care n=21 Participants Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up. Usual care: Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up.	Total n=42 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical <=18 years	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years	17 Participants n=5 Participants	20 Participants n=7 Participants	37 Participants n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical >=65 years	4 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	5 Participants n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous	41.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.6 • n=5 Participants	31.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.3 • n=7 Participants	36.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.6 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	11 Participants n=5 Participants	10 Participants n=7 Participants	21 Participants n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	10 Participants n=5 Participants	11 Participants n=7 Participants	21 Participants n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	21 Participants n=5 Participants	21 Participants n=7 Participants	42 Participants n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	13 Participants n=5 Participants	17 Participants n=7 Participants	30 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	8 Participants n=5 Participants	4 Participants n=7 Participants	12 Participants n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment Argentina	21 Participants n=5 Participants	21 Participants n=7 Participants	42 Participants n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Mobile Phone TB Treatment Support App n=21 Participants Daily use of the mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care. Participants will be asked to self-report daily TB medication administration, side-effects when applicable, and complete the direct adherence paper-based test randomly on 3-4 days of the week during the intensive treatment phase (first two months) and then 1-2 times per week during the maintenance phase (about month 3-6). Mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care: The behavioral intervention is delivered through a mobile phone TB support app. The functions allow the participant to: self-report daily administration of their TB medication, self-report side effects if applicable, review educational material on TB disease and its treatment, complete a treatment adherence monitoring test (urine drug metabolite test), take notes, and review their treatment progress/report. The drug metabolite test will require that the participant place a small amount of urine on the end of the paper strip, wait for results, and take a picture of the paper using the app. The purpose of this test is to confirm that medication was correctly taken within the past 24 hours.	Usual Care n=21 Participants Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up. Usual care: Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up.
Number of Participants With Treatment Success	20 Participants	17 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Intervention group only

Level of engagement using the app measured by the average number of days reporting treatment adherence over 180 days of treatment.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Mobile Phone TB Treatment Support App n=21 Participants Daily use of the mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care. Participants will be asked to self-report daily TB medication administration, side-effects when applicable, and complete the direct adherence paper-based test randomly on 3-4 days of the week during the intensive treatment phase (first two months) and then 1-2 times per week during the maintenance phase (about month 3-6). Mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care: The behavioral intervention is delivered through a mobile phone TB support app. The functions allow the participant to: self-report daily administration of their TB medication, self-report side effects if applicable, review educational material on TB disease and its treatment, complete a treatment adherence monitoring test (urine drug metabolite test), take notes, and review their treatment progress/report. The drug metabolite test will require that the participant place a small amount of urine on the end of the paper strip, wait for results, and take a picture of the paper using the app. The purpose of this test is to confirm that medication was correctly taken within the past 24 hours.	Usual Care Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up. Usual care: Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up.
Engagement: Average Number of Days Participants Reported Through the App	147.2 days reporting adherence Standard Deviation 34.4	—

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: regular access to phone and internet connection

number of participants with access to a phone and internet connection

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Mobile Phone TB Treatment Support App n=20 Participants Daily use of the mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care. Participants will be asked to self-report daily TB medication administration, side-effects when applicable, and complete the direct adherence paper-based test randomly on 3-4 days of the week during the intensive treatment phase (first two months) and then 1-2 times per week during the maintenance phase (about month 3-6). Mobile phone TB treatment support app plus usual care: The behavioral intervention is delivered through a mobile phone TB support app. The functions allow the participant to: self-report daily administration of their TB medication, self-report side effects if applicable, review educational material on TB disease and its treatment, complete a treatment adherence monitoring test (urine drug metabolite test), take notes, and review their treatment progress/report. The drug metabolite test will require that the participant place a small amount of urine on the end of the paper strip, wait for results, and take a picture of the paper using the app. The purpose of this test is to confirm that medication was correctly taken within the past 24 hours.	Usual Care n=21 Participants Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up. Usual care: Usual care consists of outpatient treatment management from the time of diagnosis (unless symptoms are severe and hospitalization is recommended), routine clinical and laboratory tests, and follow-up appointments determined by the clinician. In general, patients receive 1-2 month's supply of medication and are asked to return monthly for follow-up.
Feasibility of Implementation	10 Participants	6 Participants

Adverse Events

Mobile Phone TB Treatment Support App

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Usual Care

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 1 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Sarah Iribarren

University of Washington

Phone: 2065435211

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place