Trial Outcomes & Findings for Study of Palliative Radiation Therapy vs. no Palliative Radiation Therapy for Patients With High Risk Bone Metastases That Are Not Causing Significant Pain (NCT NCT03523351)

NCT ID: NCT03523351

Last Updated: 2025-04-20

Results Overview

which will be defined as pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, or palliative radiotherapy and orthopedic surgery to bone.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE1/PHASE2

Target enrollment

78 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

1 year

Results posted on

2025-04-20

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Standard of Care
Patients randomized to Arm 1 will undergo appropriate therapy as determined by their oncologist. These patients will either continue their current therapy or be transitioned to a new standard of care therapy at the discretion of the treating oncologist. If randomized to Arm 1, these patients may undergo palliative RT for progressive, painful lesions (a skeletal related event) at time of symptom development (not upfront palliative RT). Systemic Therapy: Standard of care systemic therapy, including chemotherapeutics, targeted therapies, immunomodulatory agents, and hormonal therapies will be delivered at the discretion of the treating medical oncologist. Patients may receive systemic therapy concurrently and there are no restrictions on initiation of systemic agents after radiotherapy including immunotherapy and hormonal therapy, the timing of which will be determined by a consensus between the treating medical and radiation oncologists.
Selective Radiation to ≤5 Highest Risk Bone Metastases
Patients on Arm 2 of the study will undergo selective RT to ≤ 5 high risk bone metastases defined as 1. bulkiest sites of osseous disease ≥ 2cm, 2. disease involving the hip (acetabulum, femoral head, femoral neck), shoulder (acromion, glenoid, humeral head), or sacroiliac joints 3. disease in long bones with1/3-2/3 cortical thickness (humerus, radius, ulna, clavicle, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpus, phalanges) 4. disease in junctional spine (C7-T1, T12-L1, L5-S1) \&/or disease with posterior element involvement. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy will be delivered according to department standards. For this protocol, total dose and dose fractionation may be delivered at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards. All techniques including conventional, 3D-CRT, or IMRT technique may be used. Image guidance at the time of treatment delivery to verify patient positioning may be chosen at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards.
Overall Study
STARTED
39
39
Overall Study
COMPLETED
20
23
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
19
16

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Standard of Care
Patients randomized to Arm 1 will undergo appropriate therapy as determined by their oncologist. These patients will either continue their current therapy or be transitioned to a new standard of care therapy at the discretion of the treating oncologist. If randomized to Arm 1, these patients may undergo palliative RT for progressive, painful lesions (a skeletal related event) at time of symptom development (not upfront palliative RT). Systemic Therapy: Standard of care systemic therapy, including chemotherapeutics, targeted therapies, immunomodulatory agents, and hormonal therapies will be delivered at the discretion of the treating medical oncologist. Patients may receive systemic therapy concurrently and there are no restrictions on initiation of systemic agents after radiotherapy including immunotherapy and hormonal therapy, the timing of which will be determined by a consensus between the treating medical and radiation oncologists.
Selective Radiation to ≤5 Highest Risk Bone Metastases
Patients on Arm 2 of the study will undergo selective RT to ≤ 5 high risk bone metastases defined as 1. bulkiest sites of osseous disease ≥ 2cm, 2. disease involving the hip (acetabulum, femoral head, femoral neck), shoulder (acromion, glenoid, humeral head), or sacroiliac joints 3. disease in long bones with1/3-2/3 cortical thickness (humerus, radius, ulna, clavicle, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpus, phalanges) 4. disease in junctional spine (C7-T1, T12-L1, L5-S1) \&/or disease with posterior element involvement. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy will be delivered according to department standards. For this protocol, total dose and dose fractionation may be delivered at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards. All techniques including conventional, 3D-CRT, or IMRT technique may be used. Image guidance at the time of treatment delivery to verify patient positioning may be chosen at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards.
Overall Study
Death
13
11
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
2
3
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
4
0
Overall Study
Patient was not treated on study but enrolled due to progressive disease during active treatment
0
2

Baseline Characteristics

Study of Palliative Radiation Therapy vs. no Palliative Radiation Therapy for Patients With High Risk Bone Metastases That Are Not Causing Significant Pain

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Standard of Care
n=39 Participants
Patients randomized to Arm 1 will undergo appropriate therapy as determined by their oncologist. These patients will either continue their current therapy or be transitioned to a new standard of care therapy at the discretion of the treating oncologist. If randomized to Arm 1, these patients may undergo palliative RT for progressive, painful lesions (a skeletal related event) at time of symptom development (not upfront palliative RT). Systemic Therapy: Standard of care systemic therapy, including chemotherapeutics, targeted therapies, immunomodulatory agents, and hormonal therapies will be delivered at the discretion of the treating medical oncologist. Patients may receive systemic therapy concurrently and there are no restrictions on initiation of systemic agents after radiotherapy including immunotherapy and hormonal therapy, the timing of which will be determined by a consensus between the treating medical and radiation oncologists.
Selective Radiation to ≤5 Highest Risk Bone Metastases
n=39 Participants
Patients on Arm 2 of the study will undergo selective RT to ≤ 5 high risk bone metastases defined as 1. bulkiest sites of osseous disease ≥ 2cm, 2. disease involving the hip (acetabulum, femoral head, femoral neck), shoulder (acromion, glenoid, humeral head), or sacroiliac joints 3. disease in long bones with1/3-2/3 cortical thickness (humerus, radius, ulna, clavicle, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpus, phalanges) 4. disease in junctional spine (C7-T1, T12-L1, L5-S1) \&/or disease with posterior element involvement. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy will be delivered according to department standards. For this protocol, total dose and dose fractionation may be delivered at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards. All techniques including conventional, 3D-CRT, or IMRT technique may be used. Image guidance at the time of treatment delivery to verify patient positioning may be chosen at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards.
Total
n=78 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
58 years
n=93 Participants
58 years
n=4 Participants
58 years
n=27 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
17 Participants
n=93 Participants
18 Participants
n=4 Participants
35 Participants
n=27 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
22 Participants
n=93 Participants
21 Participants
n=4 Participants
43 Participants
n=27 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
6 Participants
n=93 Participants
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
8 Participants
n=27 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
33 Participants
n=93 Participants
35 Participants
n=4 Participants
68 Participants
n=27 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
2 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
2 Participants
n=93 Participants
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
4 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
4 Participants
n=93 Participants
6 Participants
n=4 Participants
10 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
32 Participants
n=93 Participants
28 Participants
n=4 Participants
60 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=93 Participants
3 Participants
n=4 Participants
4 Participants
n=27 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
39 Participants
n=93 Participants
39 Participants
n=4 Participants
78 Participants
n=27 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 year

which will be defined as pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, or palliative radiotherapy and orthopedic surgery to bone.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard of Care
n=39 Participants
Patients randomized to Arm 1 will undergo appropriate therapy as determined by their oncologist. These patients will either continue their current therapy or be transitioned to a new standard of care therapy at the discretion of the treating oncologist. If randomized to Arm 1, these patients may undergo palliative RT for progressive, painful lesions (a skeletal related event) at time of symptom development (not upfront palliative RT). Systemic Therapy: Standard of care systemic therapy, including chemotherapeutics, targeted therapies, immunomodulatory agents, and hormonal therapies will be delivered at the discretion of the treating medical oncologist. Patients may receive systemic therapy concurrently and there are no restrictions on initiation of systemic agents after radiotherapy including immunotherapy and hormonal therapy, the timing of which will be determined by a consensus between the treating medical and radiation oncologists.
Selective Radiation to ≤5 Highest Risk Bone Metastases
n=39 Participants
Patients on Arm 2 of the study will undergo selective RT to ≤ 5 high risk bone metastases defined as 1. bulkiest sites of osseous disease ≥ 2cm, 2. disease involving the hip (acetabulum, femoral head, femoral neck), shoulder (acromion, glenoid, humeral head), or sacroiliac joints 3. disease in long bones with1/3-2/3 cortical thickness (humerus, radius, ulna, clavicle, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpus, phalanges) 4. disease in junctional spine (C7-T1, T12-L1, L5-S1) \&/or disease with posterior element involvement. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy will be delivered according to department standards. For this protocol, total dose and dose fractionation may be delivered at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards. All techniques including conventional, 3D-CRT, or IMRT technique may be used. Image guidance at the time of treatment delivery to verify patient positioning may be chosen at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards.
Number of Participants With Skeletal Related Events (SREs)
Skeletal Related Events
10 number of participants
1 number of participants
Number of Participants With Skeletal Related Events (SREs)
No Skeletal Related Events
29 number of participants
38 number of participants

Adverse Events

Standard of Care

Serious events: 4 serious events
Other events: 34 other events
Deaths: 28 deaths

Selective Radiation to ≤5 Highest Risk Bone Metastases

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 35 other events
Deaths: 19 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Standard of Care
n=39 participants at risk
Patients randomized to Arm 1 will undergo appropriate therapy as determined by their oncologist. These patients will either continue their current therapy or be transitioned to a new standard of care therapy at the discretion of the treating oncologist. If randomized to Arm 1, these patients may undergo palliative RT for progressive, painful lesions (a skeletal related event) at time of symptom development (not upfront palliative RT). Systemic Therapy: Standard of care systemic therapy, including chemotherapeutics, targeted therapies, immunomodulatory agents, and hormonal therapies will be delivered at the discretion of the treating medical oncologist. Patients may receive systemic therapy concurrently and there are no restrictions on initiation of systemic agents after radiotherapy including immunotherapy and hormonal therapy, the timing of which will be determined by a consensus between the treating medical and radiation oncologists.
Selective Radiation to ≤5 Highest Risk Bone Metastases
n=39 participants at risk
Patients on Arm 2 of the study will undergo selective RT to ≤ 5 high risk bone metastases defined as 1. bulkiest sites of osseous disease ≥ 2cm, 2. disease involving the hip (acetabulum, femoral head, femoral neck), shoulder (acromion, glenoid, humeral head), or sacroiliac joints 3. disease in long bones with1/3-2/3 cortical thickness (humerus, radius, ulna, clavicle, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpus, phalanges) 4. disease in junctional spine (C7-T1, T12-L1, L5-S1) \&/or disease with posterior element involvement. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy will be delivered according to department standards. For this protocol, total dose and dose fractionation may be delivered at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards. All techniques including conventional, 3D-CRT, or IMRT technique may be used. Image guidance at the time of treatment delivery to verify patient positioning may be chosen at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Back Pain
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anemia
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Dysphagia
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Esophageal varices
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gastritis
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Esophagitis
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
Investigations
Neutrophil count decrease
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Standard of Care
n=39 participants at risk
Patients randomized to Arm 1 will undergo appropriate therapy as determined by their oncologist. These patients will either continue their current therapy or be transitioned to a new standard of care therapy at the discretion of the treating oncologist. If randomized to Arm 1, these patients may undergo palliative RT for progressive, painful lesions (a skeletal related event) at time of symptom development (not upfront palliative RT). Systemic Therapy: Standard of care systemic therapy, including chemotherapeutics, targeted therapies, immunomodulatory agents, and hormonal therapies will be delivered at the discretion of the treating medical oncologist. Patients may receive systemic therapy concurrently and there are no restrictions on initiation of systemic agents after radiotherapy including immunotherapy and hormonal therapy, the timing of which will be determined by a consensus between the treating medical and radiation oncologists.
Selective Radiation to ≤5 Highest Risk Bone Metastases
n=39 participants at risk
Patients on Arm 2 of the study will undergo selective RT to ≤ 5 high risk bone metastases defined as 1. bulkiest sites of osseous disease ≥ 2cm, 2. disease involving the hip (acetabulum, femoral head, femoral neck), shoulder (acromion, glenoid, humeral head), or sacroiliac joints 3. disease in long bones with1/3-2/3 cortical thickness (humerus, radius, ulna, clavicle, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpus, phalanges) 4. disease in junctional spine (C7-T1, T12-L1, L5-S1) \&/or disease with posterior element involvement. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy will be delivered according to department standards. For this protocol, total dose and dose fractionation may be delivered at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards. All techniques including conventional, 3D-CRT, or IMRT technique may be used. Image guidance at the time of treatment delivery to verify patient positioning may be chosen at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist according to department standards.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anemia
71.8%
28/39 • 2 years
66.7%
26/39 • 2 years
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Anorexia
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Back Pain
10.3%
4/39 • 2 years
10.3%
4/39 • 2 years
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Buttock Pain
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhea
10.3%
4/39 • 2 years
20.5%
8/39 • 2 years
General disorders
Fatigue
28.2%
11/39 • 2 years
56.4%
22/39 • 2 years
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hyponatremia
23.1%
9/39 • 2 years
17.9%
7/39 • 2 years
Investigations
Lymphocyte count decreased
56.4%
22/39 • 2 years
61.5%
24/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
7.7%
3/39 • 2 years
17.9%
7/39 • 2 years
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Neck Pain
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
Investigations
Neutrophil count decreased
12.8%
5/39 • 2 years
15.4%
6/39 • 2 years
General disorders
Pain
12.8%
5/39 • 2 years
15.4%
6/39 • 2 years
Nervous system disorders
Peripheral motor neuropathy
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
0.00%
0/39 • 2 years
Nervous system disorders
Peripheral sensory neuropathy
5.1%
2/39 • 2 years
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
Investigations
Platelet count decreased
25.6%
10/39 • 2 years
25.6%
10/39 • 2 years
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
2.6%
1/39 • 2 years
5.1%
2/39 • 2 years
Investigations
White blood cell decreased
30.8%
12/39 • 2 years
28.2%
11/39 • 2 years

Additional Information

Dr. Divya Yerramilli, MD

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Phone: 646-449-1931

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place