A Phase 2, Muti-Center Study of Repeat Dosing of Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester in Subjects With Herpes Labialis

NCT ID: NCT03521479

Last Updated: 2021-08-06

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE2
• Total Enrollment: 40 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2018-03-12
• Study Completion Date: 2019-10-05

Brief Summary

Primary Objective: To assess local and generalized adverse events with repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) in subjects with frequent herpes labialis (4 or more episodes in the previous 12 months).

Secondary Objective: To assess efficacy of repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% SADBE in the prevention of herpes labialis episodes.

Detailed Description

Primary oral infection with the herpes simplex virus (HSV) typically occurs at a young age, is asymptomatic, and is not associated with significant morbidity. After primary oral infection, HSV may persist in a latent state in the trigeminal ganglion and later reactivate as the more common herpes labialis, or "cold sores." Common triggers for reactivation are well known and include ultraviolet light, trauma, fatigue, stress, fever, inflammation, and menstruation. These lesions affect up to 45 percent of the U.S. population. They classically manifest as a well-localized cluster of small vesicles along the vermilion border of the lip or adjacent skin. The vesicles subsequently rupture, ulcerate, and crust within 24 to 48 hours. Spontaneous healing occurs over seven to 10 days.

In immunocompetent patients, herpes labialis usually is mild and self-limited. However, pain, swelling, and cosmetic concerns may prompt physician consultation. Orally administered antiviral agents, such as acyclovir (Zovirax) or valacyclovir (Valtrex), have a modest clinical benefit if initiated during the prodrome. Topical treatment with 1% penciclovir cream (Denavir) may reduce healing time and pain slightly, even if initiated after the prodrome. However, reduction in healing time with systemic or topical agents is modest.

Squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) is a topical immunotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of verruca vulgaris and alopecia areata. During a recent FDA Compounding Advisory Committee Meeting, it was recommended that squaric acid dibutylester be included on the list of bulk drug substances allowed for use in compounding under section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. And SADBE has now been so listed under section 503A.

A study completed by Lee et al of 29 patients with recalcitrant warts demonstrated complete clearance in 69% of patients with application every 2-4 weeks. Silverberg et al showed a complete clearance in 58% of patients (n=61) when SADBE was applied 3 times weekly. A placebo-controlled clinical study completed at Massachusetts General Hospital showed that squaric acid prevented recurrence of herpetic lesions. The effect of SADBE of delaying new herpes labialis outbreaks was highly significant (p<0.01) as compared to placebo.

Primary Objective: To assess local and generalized adverse events with repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) in subjects with frequent herpes labialis (4 or more episodes in the previous 12 months).

Secondary Objective: To assess efficacy of repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% SADBE in the prevention of herpes labialis episodes.

Conditions

Herpes Labialis; HSV

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: QUADRUPLE

Study Groups

Group A

Treated with 2% Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester (SADBE) on day 0 and with 2% SADBE on the visits at week 3, week 6, week 9, and month 8.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester

Intervention Type: DRUG

Repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) in subjects with frequent herpes labialis (4 or more episodes in the previous 12 months).

Group B

Treated with 2% Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester (SADBE) on day 0 and with 0.5% SADBE on the visits at week 3, week 6, week 9, and month 8.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester

Intervention Type: DRUG

Repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) in subjects with frequent herpes labialis (4 or more episodes in the previous 12 months).

Group C

Treated with 2% Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester (SADBE) on day 0, month 3, and month 6.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester

Intervention Type: DRUG

Repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) in subjects with frequent herpes labialis (4 or more episodes in the previous 12 months).

Group D

Treated with 2% Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester (SADBE) on day 0 and month 6.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester

Intervention Type: DRUG

Repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) in subjects with frequent herpes labialis (4 or more episodes in the previous 12 months).

Interventions

Squaric Acid Dibutyl Ester

Repeat topical application of 2% and 0.5% squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) in subjects with frequent herpes labialis (4 or more episodes in the previous 12 months).

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Repeat Dosing

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 65

2. Clinical diagnosis of herpes labialis, which may be made at the screening visit based on the patient's self-reported history of symptoms. An active herpes labialis outbreak at the time of entry into the clinical trial will neither be required nor will be an exclusion criterion.

3. Self report having four (4) or more episodes of herpes labialis in the past 12 months.

Subjects will NOT be told that four-or-more episodes in the previous 12 months is the entry criterion. Subjects will be asked "How many separate episodes of cold sores have you had in the previous 12 months?" They will be included if they give an answer of four or more and excluded if they give an answer of three or fewer.

4. At least half of the subject's episodes of the previous 12 months should be vesicular in nature and at least half preceded by prodromal symptoms. Prodromal symptoms may include tingling, itching, burning or pain before the development of a herpetic lesion.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Pregnant or lactating females.

2. Current or recurrent non-herpetic infection or any underlying condition that may predispose to infection or anyone who has been admitted to the hospital due to bacteremia, pneumonia or any other serious infection in the last 12 months.

3. Therapy with glucocorticoid or immunosuppressants at time of recruitment or within past 4 weeks prior to the screening visit, or at any time during the study (including inhaled corticosteroids for asthma), except for topical steroids in sites other than face.

4. History of malignancy (except patients with surgically cured basal cell or squamous cell skin cancers).

5. History of organ transplantation.

6. HIV-positive status determined by history at screening or known history of any other immunosuppressive disease.

7. Severe co-morbidities (CHF [NYHA class II or worse], MI, CVA or TIA) within 3 months of screening visit, current unstable angina pectoris or oxygen-dependent severe pulmonary disease.

8. Known hypersensitivity to Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

9. Any condition judged by the investigator to cause this clinical trial to be detrimental to the patient.

10. Subject is currently enrolled in another investigational device or drug trial(s), or subject has received other investigational agent(s) within 28 days of the screening visit.

11. Previous exposure to SADBE (squaric acid or squaric acid dibutyl ester).

12. Subject has an abnormal skin condition (e.g., acne, eczema, rosacea, psoriasis, albinism, or chronic vesiculo-bullous disorder) that occurs in the area ordinarily affected by herpes labialis

13. Subject has an abnormal skin condition (e.g., eczema, rosacea, psoriasis, albinism, or chronic vesiculo-bullous disorder) that occurs in the inner aspect of either upper arm (the area where drug will be applied).

14. Subject has had a vaccine for either HSV-1 or HSV-2.

15. Subject has had treatment with anti-viral therapy (including ABREVA) within 2 weeks before first dose of SADBE or at any time during the study.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 65 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Squarex, LLC

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Locations

International Research Partners, LLC

Doral, Florida, United States

Prism Clinical Research, LLC

Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States

Countries

United States

Provided Documents

Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Other Identifiers

P2c

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id