Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
24 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2019-04-17
2019-12-18
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
PREVENTION
NONE
Study Groups
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Untreated
Bread containing 20% yellow pea flour.
Untreated
Bread made with 20% yellow pea flour that was untreated.
Heat treated with 0% moisture
Bread containing 20% yellow pea flour.
Heat treated with 0% moisture
Bread made with 20% yellow pea flour that was heat treated with 0% moisture.
Heat treated with 10% moisture
Bread containing 20% yellow pea flour.
Heat treated with 10% moisture
Bread made with 20% yellow pea flour that was heat treated with 10% moisture.
Wheat
Bread made with 100% wheat flour
Wheat
Bread made with 100% wheat
Interventions
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Untreated
Bread made with 20% yellow pea flour that was untreated.
Heat treated with 0% moisture
Bread made with 20% yellow pea flour that was heat treated with 0% moisture.
Heat treated with 10% moisture
Bread made with 20% yellow pea flour that was heat treated with 10% moisture.
Wheat
Bread made with 100% wheat
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
2. Body mass index (BMI) 18.5-30.0 kg/m2;
3. Habitually consume breakfast, lunch and dinner in the morning, mid-day and evening, respectively;
4. Willing to provide informed consent;
5. Willing/able to comply with the requirements of the study.
Exclusion Criteria
2. Medical history of diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L, HbA1c ≥6.0%, or use of insulin or oral medication to control blood sugar;
3. Medical history of cardiovascular disease;
4. Systolic blood pressure \>140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure \>90 mmHg;
5. Fasting plasma total cholesterol \>7.8 mmol/L;
6. Fasting plasma HDL \<0.9 mmol/L;
7. Fasting plasma LDL \>5.0 mmol/L;
8. Fasting plasma triglycerides \>2.3 mmol/L;
9. Major surgery within the last 3 months;
10. Medical history of inflammatory disease (ie. Systemic lupus erythematosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis) or use of any corticosteroid medications within 3 months;
11. Medical history of liver disease or liver dysfunction (defined as plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≥3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN));
12. Medical history of kidney disease or kidney dysfunction (defined as blood urea nitrogen and creatinine ≥3 times the ULN));
13. Presence of a gastrointestinal disorder, daily use of any stomach acid-lowering medications or laxatives (including fibre supplements) within the past month or antibiotic use within the past 6 weeks;
14. Active treatment for any type of cancer within 1 year prior to study start;
15. Shift worker (a system of employment where an individual's normal hours of work are in part, outside the period of normal working day; 6am and 8pm);
16. Smoking, use of tobacco or a nicotine replacement product, and cannabis in any form (within the last 3 months);
17. Allergies to peas or wheat;
18. Aversion or unwillingness to eat study foods;
19. Consuming \>4 servings of pulses per week;
20. Use of any prescription or non-prescription drug, herbal or nutritional supplement known to affect glycaemia or appetite;
21. Participation in another clinical trial, current or in the past 4 weeks;
22. Unstable body weight (defined as \>5% change in 3 months) or actively participating in a weight loss program.
23. Other medical, psychiatric, or behavioral factors that in the judgment of the principal Investigator may interfere with study participation or the ability to follow the intervention protocol;
18 Years
40 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
OTHER_GOV
University of Manitoba
OTHER
Saskatchewan Pulse Growers
OTHER
St. Boniface Hospital
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Dr. Heather Blewett
Principal Investigator
Principal Investigators
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Heather Blewett, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Locations
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I. H. Asper Clinical Research Institute
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Countries
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References
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Sievenpiper JL, Kendall CW, Esfahani A, Wong JM, Carleton AJ, Jiang HY, Bazinet RP, Vidgen E, Jenkins DJ. Effect of non-oil-seed pulses on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled experimental trials in people with and without diabetes. Diabetologia. 2009 Aug;52(8):1479-95. doi: 10.1007/s00125-009-1395-7. Epub 2009 Jun 13.
Marinangeli CP, Jones PJ. Chronic intake of fractionated yellow pea flour reduces postprandial energy expenditure and carbohydrate oxidation. J Med Food. 2011 Dec;14(12):1654-62. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0255.
Robinson DS, Wu Z, Domoney C, Casey R. Lipoxygenases and the quality of foods. Food Chem 54:33-43,1995.
Rackis JJ, Sessa DJ, Honig DH. Flavor problems of vegetable food proteins. J Am Oil Chem Soc 56(3):262-71,1979.
Shariati-Ievari S, Ryland D, Edel A, Nicholson T, Suh M, Aliani M. Sensory and Physicochemical Studies of Thermally Micronized Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and Green Lentil (Lens culinaris) Flours as Binders in Low-Fat Beef Burgers. J Food Sci. 2016 May;81(5):S1230-42. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.13273. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
Mitzak, M. 2007. Method for heat treatment of powdery materials (Google Patents).
Jenkins DJ, Thorne MJ, Camelon K, Jenkins A, Rao AV, Taylor RH, Thompson LU, Kalmusky J, Reichert R, Francis T. Effect of processing on digestibility and the blood glucose response: a study of lentils. Am J Clin Nutr. 1982 Dec;36(6):1093-101. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/36.6.1093.
Li H, Song F, Xing J, Tsao R, Liu Z, Liu S. Screening and structural characterization of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from hawthorn leaf flavonoids extract by ultrafiltration LC-DAD-MS(n) and SORI-CID FTICR MS. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2009 Aug;20(8):1496-503. doi: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.04.003. Epub 2009 Apr 14.
Habtemariam S. A-glucosidase inhibitory activity of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. Nat Prod Commun. 2011 Feb;6(2):201-3.
Blundell J, de Graaf C, Hulshof T, Jebb S, Livingstone B, Lluch A, Mela D, Salah S, Schuring E, van der Knaap H, Westerterp M. Appetite control: methodological aspects of the evaluation of foods. Obes Rev. 2010 Mar;11(3):251-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00714.x. Epub 2010 Jan 29.
European Food Safety Authority. Guidance on the scientific requirements for health claims related to appetite ratings, weight management, and blood glucose concentrations. EFSA Journal. 10(3):2604, 2012.
Health Canada. Draft guidance document: Satiety health claims on food [Internet].; 2012. Available from: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/consult/satiety-satiete/document-consultation-eng.php
Ames N, Blewett H, Storsley J, Thandapilly SJ, Zahradka P, Taylor C. A double-blind randomised controlled trial testing the effect of a barley product containing varying amounts and types of fibre on the postprandial glucose response of healthy volunteers. Br J Nutr. 2015 May 14;113(9):1373-83. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515000367. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
Brouns F, Bjorck I, Frayn KN, Gibbs AL, Lang V, Slama G, Wolever TM. Glycaemic index methodology. Nutr Res Rev. 2005 Jun;18(1):145-71. doi: 10.1079/NRR2005100.
Rabiee A, Magruder JT, Grant C, Salas-Carrillo R, Gillette A, DuBois J, Shannon RP, Andersen DK, Elahi D. Accuracy and reliability of the Nova StatStrip(R) glucose meter for real-time blood glucose determinations during glucose clamp studies. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2010 Sep 1;4(5):1195-201. doi: 10.1177/193229681000400519.
Public Health Agency of Canada and the Canadian Institute for Health Information. Obesity in Canada: A joint report from the Public Health Agency of Canada and the Canadian institute for health information. Government of Canada; 2011.
Public Health Authority of Canada. Diabetes in Canada: Facts and figures from a public health perspective. 2011.
Other Identifiers
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RRC/2018/1748
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
HS21603 (B2018:026)
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id