PeriOperative ISchemic Evaluation-3 Trial

NCT ID: NCT03505723

Last Updated: 2025-02-12

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

9535 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-06-27

Study Completion Date

2023-02-03

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

This study is a multicentre, international, randomized controlled trial of tranexamic acid (TXA) versus placebo and, using a partial factorial design, of a perioperative hypotension-avoidance versus hypertension-avoidance strategy.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

The POISE-3 study is a 10,000 patient, multicentre, international, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial of tranexamic acid (TXA) versus placebo and, using a partial factorial design, of a perioperative hypotension-avoidance versus hypertension-avoidance strategy. The primary objective of the study is to determine; if TXA is superior to placebo for the occurrence of life-threatening, major, and critical organ bleeding, and non-inferior to placebo for the occurrence of major arterial and venous thrombotic event; and to determine the impact of a hypotension-avoidance strategy versus a hypertension-avoidance strategy on the risk of vascular death and major vascular events in patients who are followed for 30 days after noncardiac surgery.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Perioperative Bleeding Venous Thrombosis Arterial Thrombosis

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

FACTORIAL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

QUADRUPLE

Participants Caregivers Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Tranexamic Acid (TXA)

Patients will receive a 1g loading dose of intravenous TXA before surgery and a 1g loading dose of intravenous TXA at the end of surgery (wound closure).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Tranexamic Acid

Intervention Type DRUG

Within 20 minutes preceding the anticipated skin incision, patients will receive intravenous TXA at a loading dose of 1g over 10 minutes, with a second 1g bolus given at the end of surgery when closing the wound.

Placebo (0.9% normal saline)

Patients will receive a 1g loading dose of placebo (0.9% normal saline) before surgery and a 1g loading dose of placebo (0.9% normal saline) at the end of surgery (wound closure).

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo (Saline)

Intervention Type DRUG

Within 20 minutes preceding the anticipated skin incision, patients will receive intravenous placebo (0.9% normal saline) at a loading dose of 1g over 10 minutes, with a second 1g bolus given at the end of surgery when closing the wound.

Hypotension-avoidance strategy

Aims to avoid hypotension before surgery (preoperative), during surgery (intraoperative) and for the first 2 days after the day of surgery (postoperative).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Perioperative hypotension-avoidance strategy

Intervention Type OTHER

Perioperative hypotension-avoidance strategy includes:

1. Preoperative algorithm that only continues some antihypertensive medications in a stepwise manner for systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg before surgery,
2. Intraoperative blood pressure targeting a mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥80 mm Hg
3. Postoperative algorithm that only continues some antihypertensive medications in a stepwise manner for systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg during the first 48 hours after surgery.

Perioperative hypertension-avoidance strategy

Aims to avoid hypertension before surgery (preoperative), during surgery (intraoperative) and for the first 2 days after the day of surgery (postoperative).

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Perioperative hypertension-avoidance strategy

Intervention Type OTHER

Perioperative hypertension-avoidance strategy (i.e., routine care) continues all antihypertensive drugs before and after surgery and an intraoperative BP strategy targeting a MAP ≥60 mm Hg.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Tranexamic Acid

Within 20 minutes preceding the anticipated skin incision, patients will receive intravenous TXA at a loading dose of 1g over 10 minutes, with a second 1g bolus given at the end of surgery when closing the wound.

Intervention Type DRUG

Placebo (Saline)

Within 20 minutes preceding the anticipated skin incision, patients will receive intravenous placebo (0.9% normal saline) at a loading dose of 1g over 10 minutes, with a second 1g bolus given at the end of surgery when closing the wound.

Intervention Type DRUG

Perioperative hypotension-avoidance strategy

Perioperative hypotension-avoidance strategy includes:

1. Preoperative algorithm that only continues some antihypertensive medications in a stepwise manner for systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg before surgery,
2. Intraoperative blood pressure targeting a mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥80 mm Hg
3. Postoperative algorithm that only continues some antihypertensive medications in a stepwise manner for systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg during the first 48 hours after surgery.

Intervention Type OTHER

Perioperative hypertension-avoidance strategy

Perioperative hypertension-avoidance strategy (i.e., routine care) continues all antihypertensive drugs before and after surgery and an intraoperative BP strategy targeting a MAP ≥60 mm Hg.

Intervention Type OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

TXA saline

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

1. Undergoing noncardiac surgery;
2. ≥ 45 years of age;
3. Expected to require at least an overnight hospital admission after surgery;
4. Provide written informed consent to participate in the POISE-3 Trial, AND
5. Fulfill ≥1 of the following 6 criteria (A-F):

A. NT-proBNP ≥200 ng/L B. History of coronary artery disease C. History of peripheral arterial disease D. History of stroke E. Undergoing major vascular surgery; OR F. Any 3 of 9 risk criteria i. Undergoing major surgery; ii. History of congestive heart failure; iii. History of a transient ischemic attack; iv. Diabetes and currently taking an oral hypoglycemic agent or insulin; v. Age \>70 years; vi. History of hypertension; vii. Serum creatinine \> 175 µmol/L (\> 2.0 mg/dl); viii. History of smoking within 2 years of surgery; ix. Undergoing emergent/urgent surgery.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery
2. Patients undergoing cranial neurosurgery
3. Planned use of systemic TXA during surgery
4. Low-risk surgical procedure (based on individual physician's judgment)
5. Hypersensitivity or known allergy to TXA
6. Creatinine clearance \<30 mL/min (Cockcroft-Gault equation) or on chronic dialysis
7. History of seizure disorder
8. Patients with recent stroke, myocardial infarction, acute arterial thrombosis or venous thromboembolism (\<3 month)
9. Patients with fibrinolytic conditions following consumption coagulopathy
10. Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage within the past 30 days
11. Women of childbearing potential who are not taking effective contraception, pregnant or breast-feeding
12. Previously enrolled in POISE-3 Trial
Minimum Eligible Age

45 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Population Health Research Institute

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

P.J. Devereaux

Professor, Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

PJ Devereaux, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Yale New Haven Hospital

New Haven, Connecticut, United States

Site Status

Cleveland Clinic, Florida

Weston, Florida, United States

Site Status

Columbia University

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Wake Forest

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Cleveland Clinic - Fairview

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Cleveland Clinic - Main Campus

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Site Status

The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Columbus, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Cleveland Clinic - Hillcrest

Mayfield Heights, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Oregon Health & Science University

Portland, Oregon, United States

Site Status

Rhode Island Hospital

Providence, Rhode Island, United States

Site Status

MD Anderson Cancer Center

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status

Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital

Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Site Status

Princess Alexandra Hospital

Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia

Site Status

Royal Adelaide Hospital

Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Site Status

Flinders Medical Centre

Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia

Site Status

Royal Hobart Hospital

Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Site Status

Eastern Health (Box Hill Hospital)

Box Hill, Victoria, Australia

Site Status

Dandenong Hospital

Dandenong, Victoria, Australia

Site Status

Austin Hospital

Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia

Site Status

Royal Melbourne Hospital

Parkville, Victoria, Australia

Site Status

Fiona Stanley Hospital

Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia

Site Status

Western Health

Footscray, , Australia

Site Status

Peter MacCallum Hospital

Melbourne, , Australia

Site Status

John Hunter Hospital

New Lambton, , Australia

Site Status

Royal Perth

Perth, , Australia

Site Status

Princes of Wales Hospital

Randwick, , Australia

Site Status

Goulburn Valley Health

Shepparton, , Australia

Site Status

Westmead Hospital

Sydney, , Australia

Site Status

Medical University of Vienna

Vienna, , Austria

Site Status

CHU Brugmann

Brussels, , Belgium

Site Status

Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc

Brussels, , Belgium

Site Status

Hospital do Coracao de Pocos de Caldas

Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Site Status

Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre

Porto Alegre, , Brazil

Site Status

University of Calgary, O'Brien Institute for Public Health

Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Site Status

University of Alberta

Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Site Status

Health Sciences Centre

Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Site Status

Hamilton General Hospital

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Juravinski Hospital & Cancer Centre

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Kingston Health Sciences Centre

Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

University Health Network (Toronto General Hospital)

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

CHUM

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Site Status

Sherbrooke

Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

Site Status

Royal University Hospital (Saskatoon)

Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

Site Status

Victoria Hospital

London, , Canada

Site Status

Clinica Santa Maria

Santiago, , Chile

Site Status

Hospital Hernan Henriquez

Temuco, , Chile

Site Status

Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University

Hefei, Anhui, China

Site Status

Shenzhen People's Hospital

Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

Site Status

The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University

Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

Site Status

West China Hospital of Sichuan University

Chengdu, Sichuan, China

Site Status

Bispebjerg Hospital

Copenhagen, Capital Region, Denmark

Site Status

Rigshospitalet, Abdominal Centre

Copenhagen, , Denmark

Site Status

Zealand University Hospital

Køge, , Denmark

Site Status

Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph

Paris, , France

Site Status

University Hospital RWTH Aachen

Aachen, , Germany

Site Status

University Hospital Bonn

Bonn, , Germany

Site Status

Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH

Dortmund, , Germany

Site Status

University Hospital Düsseldorf

Düsseldorf, , Germany

Site Status

Prince of Wales Hospital

Shatin, , Hong Kong

Site Status

Surat Institute of Digestive Science

Surat, Gujarat, India

Site Status

Sumandeep Vidyapeeth & Dhiraj General Hospital

Vadodara, Gujurat, India

Site Status

Nanjappa Hospital

Shimoga, Karnataka, India

Site Status

Government Medical College

Trivandrum, Kerala, India

Site Status

Rahate Surgical Hospital

Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Site Status

Sengupta Hospital & Research Institute

Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Site Status

AMAI Charitable Trust's Ace Hospital

Pune, Maharashtra, India

Site Status

Sidhu Hospital Pvt. Ltd.

Dorāha, Punjab, India

Site Status

Christian Medical College, Ludhiana

Ludhiana, Punjab, India

Site Status

Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow

Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Site Status

NH Rabindranath Tagore International Inst. of Cardiac Sciences

Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Site Status

TD Medical College

Alappuzha, , India

Site Status

Bangalore Baptist Hospital

Bangalore, , India

Site Status

Ospedale Galliera di Genova

Genova, , Italy

Site Status

Instituto Clinico San Siro

Milan, , Italy

Site Status

IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute

Milan, , Italy

Site Status

IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute

Milan, , Italy

Site Status

Port Dickson Hospital

Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Site Status

Sarawak General Hospital

Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia

Site Status

Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur, , Malaysia

Site Status

University Malaya Medical Centre

Kuala Lumpur, , Malaysia

Site Status

Hospital Pulau Pinang

Pulau Pinang, , Malaysia

Site Status

Sungai Buloh Hospital

Sungai Buloh, , Malaysia

Site Status

Deventer Ziekenhuis

Deventer, Overijssel, Netherlands

Site Status

Erasmus University Medical Center

Rotterdam, , Netherlands

Site Status

Auckland General Hospital

Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand

Site Status

Middlemore Hospital

Auckland, , New Zealand

Site Status

Waikato District Health Board

Hamilton, , New Zealand

Site Status

Shifa International Hospitals

Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan

Site Status

Aga Khan University

Karachi, , Pakistan

Site Status

Jagiellonian University Medical College

Krakow, , Poland

Site Status

Specialistyczny Szpital im. E. Szczeklika w Tarnowie

Tarnów, , Poland

Site Status

Szpital Uniwersytecki im Karola Marcinkowskiego w Zielonej Górze

Zielona Góra, , Poland

Site Status

City Hospital 1 of Arkhangelsk

Arkhangelsk, , Russia

Site Status

V. Negovskiy Reanimatology Research Institute

Moscow, , Russia

Site Status

Moscow Regional Research & Clinical Institute (MONIKI)

Moscow, , Russia

Site Status

City Hospital N25

Novosibirsk, , Russia

Site Status

E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center

Novosibirsk, , Russia

Site Status

Hospital of Saint-Petersburg State University

Saint Petersburg, , Russia

Site Status

Tyumen State Medical University

Tyumen, , Russia

Site Status

Groote Schuur Hospital

Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa

Site Status

Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University (SMU)

Ga-Rankuwa, Gauteng, South Africa

Site Status

Steve Biko Academic Hospital - University of Pretoria

Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa

Site Status

Hospital Clinic - Barcelona

Barcelona, , Spain

Site Status

Hospital de la Sta Creu i Sant Pau

Barcelona, , Spain

Site Status

Hospital Vall D'Hebron

Barcelona, , Spain

Site Status

Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta

Girona, , Spain

Site Status

Hospital Ramon y Cajal

Madrid, , Spain

Site Status

Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon

Madrid, , Spain

Site Status

Hospital Clínico Universitario in Valladolid

Valladolid, , Spain

Site Status

Medway NHS Foundation Trust

Gillingham, , United Kingdom

Site Status

Chelsea & Westminster Hospital

London, , United Kingdom

Site Status

West Middlesex Hospital

London, , United Kingdom

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Canada Chile China Denmark France Germany Hong Kong India Italy Malaysia Netherlands New Zealand Pakistan Poland Russia South Africa Spain United Kingdom

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Marcucci M, Chan MTV, Painter TW, Efremov S, Aguado HJ, Astrakov SV, Kleinlugtenbelt YV, Patel A, Cata JP, Amir M, Kirov M, Leslie K, Duceppe E, Borges FK, de Nadal M, Tandon V, Landoni G, Likhvantsev VV, Lomivorotov V, Sessler DI, Martinez-Zapata MJ, Xavier D, Fleischmann E, Wang CY, Meyhoff CS, Wittmann M, Torres D, Highton D, Jacka M, B V, Zarnke K, Sidhu RS, Oriani G, Ayad S, Minear S, Weaver TE, Ruetzler K, Brusasco C, Parlow JL, Maxwell E, Miller S, Mrkobrada M, Bhatt KSC, Rahate P, Kowark A, De Blasio G, Ofori SN, Conen D, Srinathan S, Szczeklik W, Jayaram R, Ellerkmann RK, Momeni M, Copland I, Vincent J, Balasubramanian K, Li Z, Wang MK, Li D, McGillion MH, Kurz A, Sharma M, Short TG, Devereaux PJ; cogPOISE-3 Trial Investigators and Study Groups. Effects of a Hypotension-Avoidance Versus a Hypertension-Avoidance Strategy on Neurocognitive Outcomes After Noncardiac Surgery. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Jul;178(7):909-920. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-24-02841. Epub 2025 Jun 3.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40456161 (View on PubMed)

Park LJ, Marcucci M, Ofori SN, Borges FK, Nenshi R, Kanstrup CTB, Rosen M, Landoni G, Lomivorotov V, Painter TW, Xavier D, Martinez-Zapata MJ, Szczeklik W, Meyhoff CS, Chan MTV, Simunovic M, Bogach J, Serrano PE, Balasubramanian K, Cadeddu M, Yang I, Kim WH, Devereaux PJ. Safety and Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in General Surgery. JAMA Surg. 2025 Mar 1;160(3):267-274. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2024.6048.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39813061 (View on PubMed)

POISE-3 Trial Investigators and Study Groups. A sub-study of the POISE-3 randomized trial examined effects of a perioperative hypotension-avoidance strategy versus a hypertension-avoidance strategy on the risk of acute kidney injury. Kidney Int. 2025 Jan;107(1):155-168. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.10.007. Epub 2024 Oct 25.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39490985 (View on PubMed)

Marcucci M, Painter TW, Conen D, Lomivorotov V, Sessler DI, Chan MTV, Borges FK, Leslie K, Duceppe E, Martinez-Zapata MJ, Wang CY, Xavier D, Ofori SN, Wang MK, Efremov S, Landoni G, Kleinlugtenbelt YV, Szczeklik W, Schmartz D, Garg AX, Short TG, Wittmann M, Meyhoff CS, Amir M, Torres D, Patel A, Ruetzler K, Parlow JL, Tandon V, Fleischmann E, Polanczyk CA, Lamy A, Jayaram R, Astrakov SV, Wu WKK, Cheong CC, Ayad S, Kirov M, de Nadal M, Likhvantsev VV, Paniagua P, Aguado HJ, Maheshwari K, Whitlock RP, McGillion MH, Vincent J, Copland I, Balasubramanian K, Biccard BM, Srinathan S, Ismoilov S, Pettit S, Stillo D, Kurz A, Belley-Cote EP, Spence J, McIntyre WF, Bangdiwala SI, Guyatt G, Yusuf S, Devereaux PJ; POISE-3 Trial Investigators and Study Groups. Hypotension-Avoidance Versus Hypertension-Avoidance Strategies in Noncardiac Surgery : An International Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2023 May;176(5):605-614. doi: 10.7326/M22-3157. Epub 2023 Apr 25.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37094336 (View on PubMed)

Devereaux PJ, Marcucci M, Painter TW, Conen D, Lomivorotov V, Sessler DI, Chan MTV, Borges FK, Martinez-Zapata MJ, Wang CY, Xavier D, Ofori SN, Wang MK, Efremov S, Landoni G, Kleinlugtenbelt YV, Szczeklik W, Schmartz D, Garg AX, Short TG, Wittmann M, Meyhoff CS, Amir M, Torres D, Patel A, Duceppe E, Ruetzler K, Parlow JL, Tandon V, Fleischmann E, Polanczyk CA, Lamy A, Astrakov SV, Rao M, Wu WKK, Bhatt K, de Nadal M, Likhvantsev VV, Paniagua P, Aguado HJ, Whitlock RP, McGillion MH, Prystajecky M, Vincent J, Eikelboom J, Copland I, Balasubramanian K, Turan A, Bangdiwala SI, Stillo D, Gross PL, Cafaro T, Alfonsi P, Roshanov PS, Belley-Cote EP, Spence J, Richards T, VanHelder T, McIntyre W, Guyatt G, Yusuf S, Leslie K; POISE-3 Investigators. Tranexamic Acid in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. N Engl J Med. 2022 May 26;386(21):1986-1997. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2201171. Epub 2022 Apr 2.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 35363452 (View on PubMed)

Marcucci M, Painter TW, Conen D, Leslie K, Lomivorotov VV, Sessler D, Chan MTV, Borges FK, Martinez Zapata MJ, Wang CY, Xavier D, Ofori SN, Landoni G, Efremov S, Kleinlugtenbelt YV, Szczeklik W, Schmartz D, Garg AX, Short TG, Wittmann M, Meyhoff CS, Amir M, Torres D, Patel A, Duceppe E, Ruetzler K, Parlow JL, Tandon V, Wang MK, Fleischmann E, Polanczyk CA, Jayaram R, Astrakov SV, Rao M, VanHelder T, Wu WKK, Cheong CC, Ayad S, Abubakirov M, Kirov M, Bhatt K, de Nadal M, Likhvantsev V, Iglesisas PP, Aguado HJ, McGillion M, Lamy A, Whitlock RP, Roshanov P, Stillo D, Copland I, Vincent J, Balasubramanian K, Bangdiwala SI, Biccard B, Kurz A, Srinathan S, Petit S, Eikelboom J, Richards T, Gross PL, Alfonsi P, Guyatt G, Belley-Cote E, Spence J, McIntyre W, Yusuf S, Devereaux PJ. Rationale and design of the PeriOperative ISchemic Evaluation-3 (POISE-3): a randomized controlled trial evaluating tranexamic acid and a strategy to minimize hypotension in noncardiac surgery. Trials. 2022 Jan 31;23(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05992-1.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 35101083 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

2018.02.08

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Hip Arthroscopy
NCT05710146 WITHDRAWN PHASE3
World Maternal Antifibrinolytic Trial_2
NCT03475342 COMPLETED PHASE3