Trial Outcomes & Findings for Communication Coaching to Improve Patient and Clinician Satisfaction in Cardiology Encounters (NCT NCT03464110)

Last Updated: 2024-05-28

Results Overview

WISER is based on established codebooks (i.e., Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity manual, and Suchman's codebook for patient emotion and physician empathic responses). Communication coaches taught five skills: 1) sitting down and making eye contact with all in the room, 2) open-ended questions, 3) reflective statements, 4) empathic statements, and 5) "What questions do you have?". Reported here is the number of Reflective Statements made.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

280 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

One encounter, up to approximately 1 hour

Results posted on

2024-05-28

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Standard of Care - Physicians Investigator will compare patients randomized into the intervention group to those who receive standard of care.	Communication Intervention - Physicians The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing. Communication Intervention: . The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing.	Standard of Care - Patients Investigator will compare patients randomized into the intervention group to those who receive standard of care.	Communication Intervention - Patients The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing. Communication Intervention: . The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing.
Overall Study STARTED	20	20	120	120
Overall Study COMPLETED	20	20	120	120
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Standard of Care (Provider) n=20 Participants Control cardiology providers. Receiving no intervention.	Communication Intervention (Provider) n=20 Participants The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing. Communication Intervention: . The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing.	Standard of Care (Patient) n=120 Participants Patients seen by standard of care (control) cardiology providers.	Communication Intervention (Patient) n=120 Participants Patients seen by cardiologists who received the communication coaching intervention.	Total n=280 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	48 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=20 Participants	46 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=20 Participants	60 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14 • n=120 Participants	56 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 15 • n=120 Participants	56.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.4 • n=280 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	4 Participants n=20 Participants	3 Participants n=20 Participants	65 Participants n=120 Participants	61 Participants n=120 Participants	133 Participants n=280 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	16 Participants n=20 Participants	17 Participants n=20 Participants	55 Participants n=120 Participants	59 Participants n=120 Participants	147 Participants n=280 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	2 Participants n=20 Participants	1 Participants n=20 Participants	1 Participants n=120 Participants	1 Participants n=120 Participants	5 Participants n=280 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	18 Participants n=20 Participants	19 Participants n=20 Participants	119 Participants n=120 Participants	119 Participants n=120 Participants	275 Participants n=280 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=280 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=280 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	6 Participants n=20 Participants	4 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	10 Participants n=280 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=280 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	2 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=20 Participants	60 Participants n=120 Participants	58 Participants n=120 Participants	120 Participants n=280 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	9 Participants n=20 Participants	16 Participants n=20 Participants	60 Participants n=120 Participants	62 Participants n=120 Participants	147 Participants n=280 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	3 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	3 Participants n=280 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=20 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=120 Participants	0 Participants n=280 Participants
Average Number of Direct Patient Care Hours per Week	32 hours per week STANDARD_DEVIATION 14 • n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	29 hours per week STANDARD_DEVIATION 15 • n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	30 hours per week STANDARD_DEVIATION 15 • n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Type of visit Procedural	7 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	8 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	15 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Type of visit Non-procedural	13 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	12 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	25 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
No prior communication training	13 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	14 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	27 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Practice Specialty General	8 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	6 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	14 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Practice Specialty Electrophysiology	3 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	4 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	7 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Practice Specialty Interventional	4 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	3 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	7 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Practice Specialty Advanced Heart Failure	3 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	5 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	8 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Practice Specialty Cardiac Imaging	2 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	1 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	3 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Practice Specialty Congenital disease	0 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	1 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	1 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Years in Practice Less than a Year	1 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	0 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	1 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Years in Practice 1-5 Years	3 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	0 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	3 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Years in Practice 6-10 Years	2 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	5 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	7 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Years in Practice 11-15 Years	3 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	6 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	9 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Years in Practice More than 15 Years	11 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	9 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	20 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Years in Practice Prefer not to answer	0 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	0 Participants n=20 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.	—	—	0 Participants n=40 Participants • Only applicable to Providers. This data was not collected for patients - not applicable.
Patient Education Eighth Grade or Less	—	—	1 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	0 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	1 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Education Some High School. Completed high school or GED.	—	—	24 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	29 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	53 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Education Vocational or trade school	—	—	8 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	7 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	15 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Education Some college or university but no degree	—	—	24 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	15 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	39 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Education Associate's degree from college or university	—	—	13 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	10 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	23 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Education Bachelor's degree	—	—	21 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	25 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	46 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Education Some graduate or professional school	—	—	6 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	2 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	8 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Education Graduate or professional degree	—	—	20 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	28 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	48 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Education Missing	—	—	3 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	4 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	7 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Marital Status	—	—	73 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	66 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	139 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Employment	—	—	42 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	43 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	85 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Insurance Plan purchased via employer or union	—	—	40 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	49 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	89 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Insurance Plan, self or family purchased	—	—	2 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	4 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	6 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Insurance Medicare	—	—	57 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	38 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	95 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Insurance Medicaid	—	—	11 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	16 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	27 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Insurance TRICARE	—	—	2 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	6 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	8 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Insurance Some other source	—	—	3 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	1 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	4 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Insurance None	—	—	2 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	2 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	4 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Insurance Missing	—	—	3 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	4 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	7 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Income After paying the bills, you still have enough money for special things that you want	—	—	61 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	56 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	117 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Income You have enough money to pay the bills, but little spare money to buy extra or special things	—	—	36 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	33 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	69 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Income You have money to pay the bills, but only because you have cut back on things	—	—	10 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	8 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	18 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Income You are having difficulty paying the bills, no matter what you do	—	—	6 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	6 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	12 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Income Prefer not to answer	—	—	4 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	13 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	17 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.
Patient Income Missing	—	—	3 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	4 Participants n=120 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.	7 Participants n=240 Participants • Only applicable to Patients. This data was not collected for providers - not applicable.

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: One encounter, up to approximately 1 hour

Population: Only applies to Patient groups. Data not collected on 10 participants.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Standard of Care - Patients n=113 Participants Investigator will compare patients randomized into the intervention group to those who receive standard of care.	Communication Intervention - Patients n=117 Participants The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing.
Cardiologist Behavior as Measured by WISER (Writing, Immersive Experiences, Speaking, Ethical Communication, and Research) Assessment.	11.95 Number of Reflective Statements Standard Deviation 8.81	13.15 Number of Reflective Statements Standard Deviation 9.96

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: One encounter, up to approximately 1 hour

Population: Only applies to Patient groups. Data not collected on 10 participants.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Standard of Care - Patients n=113 Participants Investigator will compare patients randomized into the intervention group to those who receive standard of care.	Communication Intervention - Patients n=117 Participants The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing.
Cardiologist Behavior as Measured by WISER (Writing, Immersive Experiences, Speaking, Ethical Communication, and Research) Assessment.	3.41 questions asked Standard Deviation 2.84	3.28 questions asked Standard Deviation 2.89

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: One encounter, up to approximately 1 hour

Population: Participants with encounters in which the clinician had at least one empathic response. Only applies to Patient groups.

Communication coaches taught five skills: 1) sitting down and making eye contact with all in the room, 2) open-ended questions, 3) reflective statements, 4) empathic statements, and 5) "What questions do you have?". Reported here is the ratio of empathic responses to empathic opportunities.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Standard of Care - Patients n=35 Participants Investigator will compare patients randomized into the intervention group to those who receive standard of care.	Communication Intervention - Patients n=48 Participants The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing.
Ratio of Empathic Responses to Empathic Opportunities	0.20 ratio of responses to opportunities Standard Deviation 0.36	0.50 ratio of responses to opportunities Standard Deviation 0.47

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: One encounter, up to approximately 1 hour

Population: Only applies to Patient groups. Data not collected on 10 participants.

Global ratings represent areas of effective communication that address many domains of patient-centered communication or areas that facilitate patient satisfaction with communication. WISER is based on established codebooks (i.e., Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity manual, and Suchman's codebook for patient emotion and physician empathic responses. Scores of 1-5 with 3 being average, 1 being below average, 5 being above average.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Standard of Care - Patients n=113 Participants Investigator will compare patients randomized into the intervention group to those who receive standard of care.	Communication Intervention - Patients n=117 Participants The intervention will contain elements of Motivational Interviewing coaching but also will teach providers how to address patient emotion and increase the efficiency of their visits. Clinicians randomized to the intervention will receive a tailored communication coaching intervention that includes didactic elements, audio recording encounters and providing feedback, and role-playing.
Global Ratings of Communication as Measured by WISER (Writing, Immersive Experiences, Speaking, Ethical Communication, and Research) Assessment Respect	3.8 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	4.0 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9
Global Ratings of Communication as Measured by WISER (Writing, Immersive Experiences, Speaking, Ethical Communication, and Research) Assessment Warmth	3.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	3.6 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8
Global Ratings of Communication as Measured by WISER (Writing, Immersive Experiences, Speaking, Ethical Communication, and Research) Assessment Attentiveness	3.8 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	3.8 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9
Global Ratings of Communication as Measured by WISER (Writing, Immersive Experiences, Speaking, Ethical Communication, and Research) Assessment Flow	2.9 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1	3.3 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0
Global Ratings of Communication as Measured by WISER (Writing, Immersive Experiences, Speaking, Ethical Communication, and Research) Assessment Concern	4.0 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8	4.2 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.7

Adverse Events

Standard of Care (Provider)

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Communication Intervention (Provider)

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Standard of Care (Patient)

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Communication Intervention (Patient)

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Kathryn Pollak

Duke University

Phone: 919-681-4757

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place