Left Atrial Appendage CLOSURE in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Compared to Medical Therapy

NCT ID: NCT03463317

Last Updated: 2025-12-12

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

912 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-02-28

Study Completion Date

2024-11-30

Brief Summary

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The study goal is to determine the clinical benefit of percutaneous catheter-based left atrial appendage (LAA) closure in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) at high risk of stroke (CHA2DS2-VASc Score ≥2) as well as high risk of bleeding as compared to best medical care (including a \[non-vitamin K\] oral anticoagulant \[(N)OAC\] when eligible).

Detailed Description

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The individualized therapy with oral anticoagulants is considered to be an essential preventive therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation. The risk of stroke can be reduced by approximately 65%. However, long-term anticoagulation therapy also increases the risk of major bleeding.

A significant proportion of patients at high risk of stroke do not tolerate long-term anticoagulation due to various relative or absolute contraindications. As demonstrated in previous studies with non-vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants (NOAK), 20-25% of patients were unable to tolerate long-term anticoagulation therapy.

For this reason, additional therapeutic approaches for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation have been developed.

A promising approach is catheter-based closure of the left atrial appendage, because more than 90% of cardiac thrombi in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation are detected in the left atrial appendage. Recent registry studies show that the safety of LAA occluder implantation is promising. However, further scientific studies are required, in order to explore more benefits of the underlying method and eligible patients for implantation.

Study objectives:

The study goal is to determine the clinical benefit of percutaneous catheter-based left atrial appendage (LAA) closure in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) at high risk of stroke (CHA2DS2-VASc Score ≥2) as well as high risk of bleeding as compared to best medical care (including a \[non-vitamin K\] oral anticoagulant \[(N)OAC\] when eligible).

Conditions

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Atrial Fibrillation

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Prospective, multicenter, event-driven, randomized controlled trial (Following 2nd blinded interim analysis: no longer event-driven).
Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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LAA closure group

Left atrial appendage closure by use of CE-mark approved LAA closure devices followed by post procedure treatment (antiplatelet therapy e.g. acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel)

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

CE-mark approved LAA closure devices

Intervention Type DEVICE

LAA closure with post procedure treatment

Acetylsalicylic acid

Intervention Type DRUG

post procedure treatment according to the physicians (recommendation are made in the protocol); oral anticoagulation is not prescribed in this group

Clopidogrel

Intervention Type DRUG

post procedure treatment according to the physicians (recommendation are made in the protocol); oral anticoagulation is not prescribed in this group

Best medical care group

No left atrial appendage closure. Treatment with best medical care (NOACs (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban) or VKA (phenprocoumon, warfarin)

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Dabigatran

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Rivaroxaban

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Apixaban

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Edoxaban

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Phenprocoumon

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Warfarin

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Interventions

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CE-mark approved LAA closure devices

LAA closure with post procedure treatment

Intervention Type DEVICE

Acetylsalicylic acid

post procedure treatment according to the physicians (recommendation are made in the protocol); oral anticoagulation is not prescribed in this group

Intervention Type DRUG

Clopidogrel

post procedure treatment according to the physicians (recommendation are made in the protocol); oral anticoagulation is not prescribed in this group

Intervention Type DRUG

Dabigatran

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Intervention Type DRUG

Rivaroxaban

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Intervention Type DRUG

Apixaban

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Intervention Type DRUG

Edoxaban

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Intervention Type DRUG

Phenprocoumon

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Intervention Type DRUG

Warfarin

Patients allocated to the best medical care group receive either NOAC therapy or VKA

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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ASS Pradaxa® Xarelto® Eliquis® LIXIANA® Marcumar® Coumadin®

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Signed written informed consent
* Documented atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal, persistent, long-standing persistent or permanent)
* CHA2DS2VASc-Score ≥2
* High risk of bleeding under oral anticoagulation or contraindication for (N)OAC therapy, in particular patients with at least one of the following conditions:

* HAS-BLED-Score ≥3
* Prior intracranial/intraspinal bleed, intraocular bleed compromising vision (BARC: type 3c)
* Hemorrhagic/bleeding complication fulfilling BARC type 3a or 3b: gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract or respiratory tract bleeding, where the patient is considered to be at a persistently increased risk of bleeding, e.g. the cause of bleeding cannot be successfully eliminated
* Chronic kidney disease with eGFR 15-29 ml/min/1.73 m2
* Any recurrent bleeding making chronic anticoagulation not feasible
* Subject eligible for an LAA occluder device
* Age ≥18 years
* Willing and capable of providing informed consent, participating in all associated study activities
* negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR test (no longer than 48 hours prior to randomization in outpatients or not older than 14 days in continuously hospitalized patients without signs of COVID-19 infection) or negative SARS- CoV-2 rapid antigen test (no longer than 24 hours prior to randomization)

Exclusion Criteria

* Absolute contraindication to acetylsalicylic acid
* Comorbidities other than AF requiring chronic (N)OAC therapy, e.g. mechanical heart valve prosthesis
* Symptomatic carotid disease (if not treated)
* Complex aortic atheroma with mobile plaque (Kronzon classification grade V)
* Heart transplant
* Active infection or symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 infection or active endocarditis or other infections resulting in bacteremia
* Cardiac tumor
* Severe liver failure (Child-Pugh class C or liver failure with coagulopathy)
* Severe renal failure (GFR \<15 ml/min/1.73m2 or current requirement for dialysis defined as current, regular renal replacement therapy performed at least weekly including hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis within the last 30 days)
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
* For female patients of reproductive potential: Unwilling to agree to use a highly effective method of contraception (Pearl index \<1) throughout the study period
* Subject with participation in another interventional clinical trial during this study or within 30 days before entry into this trial.
* Known terminating disease with life expectancy \<1 year (including those with end-stage heart failure)
* Subjects, who are committed to an institution due to binding official or court order
* Subject who is dependent on the Site, the Site Investigator, any sub- investigator, his/her representative and/or the sponsor
* Persons who are not proficient in the German language
* Unstable/not fully recompensated acute heart failure corresponding to NYHA class III and/or IV
* Subjects with known antiphospholipid syndrome
* Subjects with planned cardiac or non-cardiac surgery or intervention. (These subject can be included 30 days after such intervention / surgery.)
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK)

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Atrial Fibrillation Network

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Stiftung Institut fuer Herzinfarktforschung

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Charite University, Berlin, Germany

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Ulf Landmesser

Prof. Dr.

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Ulf Landmesser, MD

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Charite University, Berlin, Germany

Locations

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Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Intensivmedizin, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin (CBF)

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status

DRK-Kliniken Berlin Köpenick, Klinik für Innere Medizin - Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status

Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Intensivmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status

Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Intensivmedizin, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK)

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status

Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Med. Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status

Klinikum Brandenburg GmbH, Zentrum für Innere Medizin I

Brandenburg, , Germany

Site Status

Gesundheit Nord gGmbH, Klinikum Links der Weser, Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie

Bremen, , Germany

Site Status

Klinikum Coburg GmbH II. Med. Klinik für Innere Medizin und Kardiologie

Coburg, , Germany

Site Status

Amper Kliniken AG, Helios Amper-Klinikum Dachau, Innere Medizin I - Kardiologie & Pneumologie

Dachau, , Germany

Site Status

Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, II. Medizinische Klinik

Dresden, , Germany

Site Status

Technische Universität Dresden, Herzzentrum Dresden, Universitätsklinik, Medizinische Klinik Kardiologie

Dresden, , Germany

Site Status

Katholisches Krankenhaus "St. Johann Nepomuk", Klinik für Innere Medizin II - Kardiologie

Erfurt, , Germany

Site Status

HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt GmbH, 3. Medizinische Klinik

Erfurt, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Medizinische Klinik III/ Kardiologie

Frankfurt, , Germany

Site Status

UHZ Freiburg Bad Krozingen Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie II

Freiburg im Breisgau, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie

Göttingen, , Germany

Site Status

Universität Greifswald, Klinik für Innere Medizin B - Kardiologie

Greifswald, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III

Halle, , Germany

Site Status

Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, I. Med. Abteilung - Kardiologie

Hamburg, , Germany

Site Status

Asklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg, Abteilung für Kardiologie

Hamburg, , Germany

Site Status

Cardiologicum Hamburg

Hamburg, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Universitäres Herzzentrum, Klinik für Allgemeine und Interventionelle Kardiologie

Hamburg, , Germany

Site Status

Westküstenklinikum Heide Medizinische Klinik 2 - Kardiologie

Heide, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie

Heidelberg, , Germany

Site Status

Oberhavel Kliniken, Klinik Hennigsdorf, Innere Medizin

Hennigsdorf, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Innere Medizin I - Kardiologie

Jena, , Germany

Site Status

UKSH - Campus Kiel, Medizinische Klinik III - Kardiologie, Angiologie, Intensivmedizin

Kiel, , Germany

Site Status

Herzzentrum Leipzig, Universitätsklinik für Kardiologie

Leipzig, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie

Leipzig, , Germany

Site Status

UKSH - Universitäres Herzzentrum Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II - Kardiologie, Angiologie, Intensivmedizin

Lübeck, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Kardiologie I - Zentrum für Kardiologie

Mainz, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, I. Medizinische Klinik - Kardiologie, Angiologie, Intensivmedizin

Mannheim, , Germany

Site Status

Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik an der TU München

München, , Germany

Site Status

LMU Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I

München, , Germany

Site Status

Peter Osypka Herzzentrum München

München, , Germany

Site Status

Städt. Klinikum München GmbH, Klinikum Neuperlach, Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie, intern. Intensivmedizin

München, , Germany

Site Status

Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I - Kardiologie

München, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Herzzentrum, Zentrum Innere Medizin - Abteilung für Kardiologie

Rostock, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Medizinische Klinik, Abteilung III Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen

Tübingen, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinik Ulm, Klinik für Innere Medizin II - Kardiologie

Ulm, , Germany

Site Status

Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I

Würzburg, , Germany

Site Status

Heinrich-Braun-Klinikum Zwickau, Klinik für Innere Medizin I - Kardiologie, Angiologie, Intern. Internsivmedizin

Zwickau, , Germany

Site Status

Countries

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Germany

References

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Landmesser U, Skurk C, Kirchhof P, Lewalter T, Hartung J, Rroku A, Pieske B, Brachmann J, Akin I, Jacobshagen C, Meder B, Zeiher A, Anker SD, Thiele H, Blankenberg S, Massberg S, Schunkert H, Frey N, Joost A, Bergmann M, Haeusler KG, Endres M, Wegscheider K, Boldt LH, Eitel I. Catheter-based left atrial appendage CLOSURE in patients with atrial fibrillation at high risk of stroke and bleeding as compared to best medical therapy: Rationale and design of the prospective randomized CLOSURE-AF trial. Am Heart J. 2025 Sep 12;292:107273. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2025.09.005. Online ahead of print.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40946883 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

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Other Identifiers

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CLOSURE-AF-DZHK16

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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