Trial Outcomes & Findings for Mechanisms of Obesity and Its Metabolic Complications in Youth (NCT NCT03454828)

NCT ID: NCT03454828

Last Updated: 2025-10-09

Results Overview

Starting at 08:00, we began a 10-h, primed, continuous, peripheral venous infusion of 99% sodium \[d3\]-acetate with a priming dose of 200 μg · kg-1 · min-1 for 4 min and a continuous infusion rate of 59.5 μg · kg-1 · min-1 for 10 h. After 180 min from the start of the infusion, subjects received 20 g of lactulose per os, dissolved in 30 mL of water.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

38 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Pre lactulose (average values at 2, 2.5, 3 hours) and Post lactulose (average of values at 7, 8, 9 and 10 hours)

Results posted on

2025-10-09

Participant Flow

Children and adolescents between 15 and 25 years of age.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Youth With Obesity
Obese adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \>95th percentile.
Lean Youth
Lean adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \<85th percentile.
Overall Study
STARTED
19
19
Overall Study
COMPLETED
19
19
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Mechanisms of Obesity and Its Metabolic Complications in Youth

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Youth With Obesity
n=19 Participants
Obese adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \>95th percentile.
Lean Youth
n=19 Participants
Lean adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \<85th percentile.
Total
n=38 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
12 Participants
n=93 Participants
16 Participants
n=4 Participants
28 Participants
n=27 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
7 Participants
n=93 Participants
3 Participants
n=4 Participants
10 Participants
n=27 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
11 Participants
n=93 Participants
9 Participants
n=4 Participants
20 Participants
n=27 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
8 Participants
n=93 Participants
10 Participants
n=4 Participants
18 Participants
n=27 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
5 Participants
n=93 Participants
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
6 Participants
n=27 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
14 Participants
n=93 Participants
18 Participants
n=4 Participants
32 Participants
n=27 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
8 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
8 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
6 Participants
n=93 Participants
17 Participants
n=4 Participants
23 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
5 Participants
n=93 Participants
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
7 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Rate of appearance of acetate
7.40 μmol · kg-1 · min-1
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.44 • n=93 Participants
7.69 μmol · kg-1 · min-1
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.541 • n=4 Participants
7.55 μmol · kg-1 · min-1
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.097 • n=27 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Pre lactulose (average values at 2, 2.5, 3 hours) and Post lactulose (average of values at 7, 8, 9 and 10 hours)

Starting at 08:00, we began a 10-h, primed, continuous, peripheral venous infusion of 99% sodium \[d3\]-acetate with a priming dose of 200 μg · kg-1 · min-1 for 4 min and a continuous infusion rate of 59.5 μg · kg-1 · min-1 for 10 h. After 180 min from the start of the infusion, subjects received 20 g of lactulose per os, dissolved in 30 mL of water.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Youth With Obesity
n=19 Participants
Obese adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \>95th percentile.
Lean Youth
n=19 Participants
Lean adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \<85th percentile.
Rate of Appearance of Acetate
Pre-lactulose
7.40 umol/kg/min
Standard Error 1.73
7.69 umol/kg/min
Standard Error 1.02
Rate of Appearance of Acetate
Post-lactulose
9.29 umol/kg/min
Standard Error 1.44
14.7 umol/kg/min
Standard Error 2.33

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Pre lactulose (average values at 2, 2.5, 3 hours) and Post lactulose (average of values at 7, 8, 9 and 10 hours)

The percent of hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) refers to the proportion of fatty acids in the liver that are derived from a de novo synthesis pathway, rather than from dietary sources.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Youth With Obesity
n=6 Participants
Obese adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \>95th percentile.
Lean Youth
n=5 Participants
Lean adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \<85th percentile.
Percent of Hepatic de Novo Lipogenesis.
Pre Lactulose
1.96 Percentage
Standard Error 0.159
2.53 Percentage
Standard Error 0.364
Percent of Hepatic de Novo Lipogenesis.
Post Lactulose
1.97 Percentage
Standard Error 0.192
3.38 Percentage
Standard Error 0.62

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Pre lactulose (average values at 2, 2.5, 3 hours) and Post lactulose (average of values at 7, 8, 9 and 10 hours)

The changes in rate of appearance of acetate (RaAcetate) are measured averaging the basal RaAcetate 9 timepoints (2 and 3 hours) and the post-lactulose RaAcetate (timepoints 7, 8, 9 and 10 hours).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Youth With Obesity
n=4 Participants
Obese adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \>95th percentile.
Lean Youth
n=4 Participants
Lean adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) \<85th percentile.
Change in the Rate of Appearance of Acetate
Pre Diet
-2.34 micromol/Kg/minute
Standard Deviation 6.57
1.63 micromol/Kg/minute
Standard Deviation 1.75
Change in the Rate of Appearance of Acetate
Post Diet
-1.59 micromol/Kg/minute
Standard Deviation 7.55
-0.96 micromol/Kg/minute
Standard Deviation 6.76

Adverse Events

Youth With Obesity or Overweight

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Youth Without Obesity

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Nicola Santoro

Yale University School of Medicine: Pediatrics Endocrinology

Phone: 2037376356

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place