Trial Outcomes & Findings for Peer Mentorship to Reduce Suicide Attempts Among High-Risk Adults (NCT NCT03373916)
NCT ID: NCT03373916
Last Updated: 2025-04-30
Results Overview
Number of participants reporting any suicide attempt, as reported on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS). The definition of suicide attempt for the primary outcome will consist of any actual suicide attempt, aborted suicide attempt, or interrupted suicide attempt reported on the CSSR-S.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
455 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
3 months, 6 months
Results posted on
2025-04-30
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
229
|
226
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
141
|
142
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
88
|
84
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
Total
n=455 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
32.40 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.04 • n=229 Participants
|
31.61 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.45 • n=226 Participants
|
32.01 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.74 • n=455 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Gender · Male
|
78 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
76 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
154 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Gender · Female
|
134 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
139 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
273 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Gender · Other
|
17 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
28 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
8 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
23 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
220 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
211 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
431 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
1 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
7 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
37 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
40 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
77 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
167 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
162 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
329 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
16 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
13 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
29 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
2 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
229 participants
n=229 Participants
|
226 participants
n=226 Participants
|
455 participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Suicide attempts, as measured by the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS)
|
197 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
210 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
407 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Suicidal ideation (past week), as measured by the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS)
|
22.00 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.89 • n=229 Participants
|
22.70 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.03 • n=226 Participants
|
22.35 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.47 • n=455 Participants
|
|
Self efficacy to avoid suicidal action (measured by the Self Efficacy to Avoid Suicidal Action Scale
|
31.77 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.15 • n=229 Participants
|
29.30 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.59 • n=226 Participants
|
30.54 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.91 • n=455 Participants
|
|
Depression, as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
|
18.33 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.57 • n=228 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
18.33 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.81 • n=226 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
18.33 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.19 • n=454 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
|
Hope, as measured by the State Hope Scale (SHS)
|
27.34 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.94 • n=228 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
25.58 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.29 • n=226 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
26.47 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.65 • n=454 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
|
Burdensomeness, as measured by the perceived burdensomeness subscale of the Interpersonal Needs Ques
|
16.01 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.93 • n=228 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
16.19 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.50 • n=226 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
16.10 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.71 • n=454 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
|
Thwarted Belongingness, as Measured by the Thwarted Belongingness Subscale of the INQ-10
|
22.33 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.14 • n=228 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
23.04 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.88 • n=226 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
22.69 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.01 • n=454 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
|
Utilization of Health Care Services (Measured by the Adapted Health Services Inventory)
|
194 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
182 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
376 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Hopelessness (Measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS))
|
8.42 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.92 • n=228 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
9.81 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.06 • n=226 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
9.11 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.03 • n=454 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Rejection (Measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
22.35 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.13 • n=228 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
22.78 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.68 • n=226 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
22.56 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.90 • n=454 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Emotional Support (measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
27.51 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.74 • n=228 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
27.20 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.93 • n=226 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
27.35 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.34 • n=454 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Instrumental Support (measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
25.83 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.78 • n=228 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
26.12 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.41 • n=226 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
25.97 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.59 • n=454 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Friendship (Measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
21.41 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.09 • n=228 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
22.57 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.35 • n=226 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
21.99 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.23 • n=454 Participants • The number analyzed differs from the overall number of participants because some participants did not respond to all survey questions.
|
|
Loneliness (measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
17.74 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.67 • n=229 Participants
|
17.85 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.70 • n=226 Participants
|
17.80 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.68 • n=455 Participants
|
|
Highest level of education
8th grade or less
|
1 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Highest level of education
Some high school
|
19 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
30 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Highest level of education
High school graduate/GED
|
53 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
49 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
102 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Highest level of education
Some college
|
98 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
98 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
196 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Highest level of education
College graduate
|
44 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
45 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
89 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Highest level of education
Advanced degree
|
14 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
20 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
34 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Married
|
45 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
80 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Divorced/separated
|
30 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
29 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
59 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Widowed
|
2 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Never married
|
137 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
134 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
271 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Living together, not married
|
15 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
34 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Homemaker/Caregiver
|
11 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
26 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Retired
|
10 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Working part-time
|
45 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
51 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
96 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Working full-time
|
71 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
73 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
144 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Volunteering full-time
|
1 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Volunteering part-time
|
2 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Unemployed or on disability
|
58 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
57 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
115 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Student
|
67 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
62 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
129 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Occupation
Missing/declined to answer
|
2 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Income (annual)
Under $5,000
|
56 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
60 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
116 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Income (annual)
$5,000 - $14,999
|
48 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
48 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
96 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Income (annual)
$15,000 - $24,999
|
41 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
34 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
75 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Income (annual)
$25,000 - $49,000
|
43 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
44 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
87 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Income (annual)
$50,000 - $74,999
|
16 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
21 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
37 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Income (annual)
$75,000 - $99,999
|
10 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Income (annual)
$100,000 or more
|
9 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Income (annual)
Missing/declined to answer
|
6 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Living Situation
Lives with spouse or partner
|
65 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
64 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
129 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Living Situation
Lives with parents
|
61 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
67 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
128 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Living Situation
Lives with children under age 18
|
39 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
43 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
82 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Living Situation
Lives with other relatives or friends
|
61 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
47 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
108 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Living Situation
Lives with others, but not friends or relatives
|
7 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
23 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Living Situation
Lives alone
|
32 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
41 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
73 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Living Situation
Homeless or between housing arrangements
|
22 Participants
n=229 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=226 Participants
|
36 Participants
n=455 Participants
|
|
Quality of Life (Measured by the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form
|
39.18 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.30 • n=228 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
38.80 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.84 • n=226 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
38.99 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.06 • n=454 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
|
Physical Health (Measured by the SF-12)
|
51.71 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.24 • n=227 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
51.36 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.18 • n=222 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
51.54 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.70 • n=449 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
|
Mental Health (measured by the SF-12)
|
23.48 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.68 • n=227 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
23.76 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.00 • n=222 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
23.62 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.83 • n=449 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Social Support (Measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MDPSS)
Total item mean
|
4.70 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.59 • n=227 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
4.59 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.39 • n=226 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
4.64 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.59 • n=453 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Social Support (Measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MDPSS)
Family subscale
|
4.43 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.96 • n=229 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
4.07 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.79 • n=226 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
4.25 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.88 • n=455 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Social Support (Measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MDPSS)
Friend subscale
|
4.57 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.95 • n=229 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
4.80 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.67 • n=226 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
4.68 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.81 • n=455 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Meaning in Life, as Measured by the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)
Presence subscale
|
18.41 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.44 • n=228 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
17.35 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.07 • n=226 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
17.88 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.27 • n=454 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
|
Perceived Meaning in Life, as Measured by the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)
Searching subscale
|
25.80 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.68 • n=227 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
25.46 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.15 • n=226 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
25.63 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.41 • n=453 Participants • Counts of participants analyzed differ from the overall number of participants because some participants did not answer all survey questions.
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: The number of participant analyzed decreases at the 3- and 6-month time points due to attrition.
Number of participants reporting any suicide attempt, as reported on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS). The definition of suicide attempt for the primary outcome will consist of any actual suicide attempt, aborted suicide attempt, or interrupted suicide attempt reported on the CSSR-S.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Suicide Attempts, as Measured by the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS)
3 Months - count of participants with any suicide attempt (actual, interrupted, or aborted)
|
13 Participants
|
17 Participants
|
|
Suicide Attempts, as Measured by the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS)
6 Months - count of participants with any suicide attempt (actual, interrupted, or aborted)
|
24 Participants
|
28 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: The number of participant analyzed decreases at the 3- and 6-month time points due to attrition.
Patient's current suicidal ideation as measured by the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS). The BSS is a 19-item (5 screening items are first administered to determine whether the remaining items are administered) self-report scale that assesses thoughts, plans and intent to commit suicide. All 19 items are rated on a three-point scale (0 to 2). Total scores could range from 0 to 38. No specific cut-off scores exist to classify severity. Higher scores mean a worse outcome (greater suicide risk).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Suicidal Ideation (Current), as Measured by the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS)
3 Months
|
4.15 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.55
|
4.37 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.80
|
|
Suicidal Ideation (Current), as Measured by the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS)
6 Months
|
4.86 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.32
|
4.25 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.62
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 6-monthsCount of participants with any suicide attempt as notated in the patient's electronic medical record. The definition of suicide attempt for the primary outcome will consist of any actual suicide attempt, aborted suicide attempt, or interrupted suicide attempt.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Suicide Attempts (Measured by the Medical Record)
|
11 Participants
|
9 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: Number of participants analyzed decreases at 3- and 6-month time points due to attrition.
Participants' sense of self-efficacy to avoid suicidal action, as measured by the 6-item Self Efficacy to Avoid Suicidal Action Scale (SEASA). To indicate level of confidence, respondents rate each item on a 9-point scale (where 0=very uncertain and 9=very certain). Scores range between 0 and 54; lower scores are associated with worse outcomes (a higher incidence and greater severity of suicide attempts).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Self Efficacy to Avoid Suicidal Action (Measured by the Self Efficacy to Avoid Suicidal Action Scale)
3 Months
|
36.12 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.35
|
34.64 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.04
|
|
Self Efficacy to Avoid Suicidal Action (Measured by the Self Efficacy to Avoid Suicidal Action Scale)
6 months
|
37.06 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.69
|
35.52 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.03
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: Number of participants analyzed decreases at 3- and 6-month time points due to attrition.
Patient's worst-point suicidal ideation as measured by the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS). The BSS is a 19-item (5 screening items are first administered to determine whether the remaining items are administered) self-report scale that assesses thoughts, plans and intent to commit suicide. All 19 items are rated on a three-point scale (0 to 2). Total scores could range from 0 to 38. No specific cut-off scores exist to classify severity. Higher scores mean a worse outcome (greater suicide risk).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Suicidal Ideation (Worst-point), as Measured by the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS)
3-Months
|
10.66 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.50
|
10.53 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.92
|
|
Suicidal Ideation (Worst-point), as Measured by the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS)
6-Months
|
7.76 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.14
|
8.68 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.30
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: Number of participants analyzed decreases at 3- and 6-month time points due to attrition.
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is a 9-item, self-report survey which assesses frequency of depression symptoms over the past 2 weeks on a 4-item response scale (where 0 = "Not at all" and 3 = "Nearly every day"). Scores range between 0 and 27, with high scores indicating worse outcomes (more severe depression)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Depression, as Measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
3-Months
|
10.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.86
|
10.75 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.87
|
|
Depression, as Measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
6-Months
|
11.56 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.27
|
10.84 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.71
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsPopulation: Number of participants analyzed decreases at 3- and 6-month time points due to attrition.
The State Hope Scale (SHS) is a 6-item, self-report measure that assesses hopeful thinking along two sub-scales reflecting respondents' personal capacity for change (agency) and knowledge regarding how to achieve change (pathways). Total scores range from 6 to 48. Higher scores indicated better outcomes (greater hope).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Hope, as Measured by the State Hope Scale (SHS)
|
32.12 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.37
|
30.57 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.77
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsThe Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ-10) is a 10-item, self-report measure of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. The perceived burdensomeness subscale of the INQ-10 consists of 4 items; scores range from 4 to 28, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes (greater perceived burdensomeness).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Burdensomeness, as Measured by the Perceived Burdensomeness Subscale of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ-10)
|
12.03 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.21
|
11.87 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.66
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsThe Adult Toolbox Social Relationship Scales measures social relationship concepts including social support, companionship, and social distress. The Emotional Support subscale consists of 8 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Scores range from 8 to 40; higher scores indicate better outcomes (greater perceived emotional support).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Emotional Support (Measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
31.33 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.85
|
30.97 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.25
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsThe Adult Toolbox Social Relationship Scales measures social relationship concepts including social support, companionship, and social distress. The Instrumental Support subscale consists of 8 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Scores range from 8 to 40; higher scores indicate better outcomes (greater perceived instrumental support).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Instrumental Support (Measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
28.46 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.67
|
28.90 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.07
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsThe Adult Toolbox Social Relationship Scales measures social relationship concepts including social support, companionship, and social distress. The Friendship subscale consists of 8 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Scores range from 8 to 40; higher scores indicate better outcomes (greater perceived friendship).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Friendship (Measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
24.26 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.96
|
24.69 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.37
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsThe Adult Toolbox Social Relationship Scales measures social relationship concepts including social support, companionship, and social distress. The Loneliness subscale consists of 5 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Scores range from 5 to 25; higher scores indicate worse outcomes (greater loneliness).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Loneliness (Measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
15.19 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.03
|
15.02 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.30
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsThe Adult Toolbox Social Relationship Scales measures social relationship concepts including social support, companionship, and social distress. The perceived rejection subscale consists of 8 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Scores range from 8 to 40; higher scores indicate worse outcomes (greater loneliness).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Rejection (Measured by the NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales (ASRS))
|
18.43 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.53
|
19.14 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.22
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: The number of participants analyzed decreases at 6-months due to attrition.
Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) consists of 14 items, assesses satisfaction with a variety of life domains such as physical health, work, and social relationships. The scoring of the Q-LES-Q-SF involves summing only the first 14 items to yield a raw total score. The last two items are not included in the total score but are standalone items. The raw total score ranges from 14 to 70. Higher level of enjoyment and satisfaction with life are reflected in higher scores.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Quality of Life (Measured by the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF))
3-Months
|
46.41 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.42
|
45.82 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.15
|
|
Quality of Life (Measured by the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF))
6-Months
|
46.05 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.98
|
46.46 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.81
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: Number of participants analyzed decreases at 6-months due to attrition.
The SF-12 covers domains including: (1) physical functioning; (2) role-physical; (3) bodily pain; (4) general health; (5) vitality; (6) social functioning; (7) role emotional; and (8) mental health. Summary scores are calculated by summing factor-weighted scores across all 8 subscales, with factor weights derived from a US-based general population sample. Physical and Mental Health Composite Scores (PCS \& MCS) are computed using the scores of twelve questions and range from 0 to 100, where a zero score indicates the lowest level of health measured by the scales and 100 indicates the highest level of health.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Functional Status (Measured by the SF-12)
3-Months
|
48.60 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.28
|
48.86 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.72
|
|
Functional Status (Measured by the SF-12)
6-Months
|
49.18 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.39
|
48.19 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.70
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsMeasure of patients' negative attitudes about the future and will be the primary measure of hopelessness. The BHS consists of 20 true-false statements that measure the degree of pessimism and negativity about the future. Summed scores range from 0 to 20. Scores provide a measure of the severity of self-reported hopelessness: 0-3 minimal, 4-8 mild, 9-14 moderate, and 15-20 severe.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Hopelessness (Measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS))
|
6.27 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.56
|
6.51 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.30
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsThe Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MDPSS) contains 12 Likert scale items with three subscales to address different sources of support: family, friends, and significant other. Total scores are an average (mean) of the subscale scores. Mean scores under 2.9 are considered low support, mean scores 3-5 are considered moderate, and 5.1-7 are considered high. Scores range from 1-7, with 1 representing lowest support and 7 representing highest support.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Social Support (Measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MDPSS))
|
5.08 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.59
|
4.91 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.43
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: Number of participants analyzed decreases at 6-months due to attrition.
Count of participants who self-reported utilizing any mental health care services.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Self-reported Utilization of Health Care Services, as Measured by the Adapted Health Services Inventory
3-Months
|
109 Participants
|
119 Participants
|
|
Self-reported Utilization of Health Care Services, as Measured by the Adapted Health Services Inventory
6-Months
|
86 Participants
|
98 Participants
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: Number of participants analyzed is lower at 6-months due to attrition.
Single item that ask patients' ability to take their medications as their doctor prescribed them, rated on a 6-point scale from 1 = "Excellent" to 6 = "Very Poor," such that higher scores indicate worse outcomes (poorer adherence with taking medications as prescribed).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Medication Adherence, as Measured by the Single-Item Self Rating (SISR) Scale for Medication Adherence
3-Months
|
2.23 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.53
|
2.16 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.40
|
|
Medication Adherence, as Measured by the Single-Item Self Rating (SISR) Scale for Medication Adherence
6-Months
|
2.50 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.59
|
2.29 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.32
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3 months, 6 monthsPopulation: Number of participants analyzed decreases at 6-months due to attrition.
The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) consists of 10 items measured on a 7-point likert scale ranging from absolutely true to absolutely not true. The measure consists of two subscales: presence of meaning and search for meaning. Subscale scores range from 5 to 35; higher scores indicated better outcomes (greater meaning).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Meaning in Life, as Measured by the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)
Searching subscale: 6-Months
|
25.73 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.33
|
25.02 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.01
|
|
Perceived Meaning in Life, as Measured by the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)
Presence subscale: 3-Months
|
21.96 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.89
|
20.45 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.51
|
|
Perceived Meaning in Life, as Measured by the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)
Presence subscale: 6-Months
|
21.48 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.73
|
19.90 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.47
|
|
Perceived Meaning in Life, as Measured by the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)
Searching subscale: 3-Months
|
25.80 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.38
|
25.15 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.00
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsPatient's worst suicidal ideation in the previous 3-month time period as measured by the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS). The BSS is a self-report 19-item scale preceded by five screening items. The BSS and its screening items assess thoughts, plans and intent to commit suicide. All 24 items are rated on a three-point scale (0 to 2). Total scores could range from 0 to 38 (if the screening items are included). No specific cut-off scores exist to classify severity. Increasing scores reflect greater suicide risk.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Worst Suicidal Ideation in Past 3 Months (Measured by the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS))
|
10.66 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.50
|
10.53 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.92
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 6-monthsPatient's worst suicidal ideation in the previous 3-month time period as measured by the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS). The BSS is a self-report 19-item scale preceded by five screening items. The BSS and its screening items assess thoughts, plans and intent to commit suicide. All 24 items are rated on a three-point scale (0 to 2). Total scores could range from 0 to 38 (if the screening items are included). No specific cut-off scores exist to classify severity. Increasing scores reflect greater suicide risk.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=141 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=142 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Worst Suicidal Ideation in Past 3 Months (Measured by the Beck Suicide Scale (BSS))
|
7.76 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.14
|
8.68 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.30
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: 3-monthsThe Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ-10) is a 10-item, self-report measure of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. The thwarted belongingness subscale of the INQ-10 consists of 6 items; scores range from 5 to 35, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes (greater thwarted belongingness).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=149 Participants
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=158 Participants
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Thwarted Belongingness, as Measured by the Thwarted Belongingness Subscale of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ-10)
|
18.92 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.85
|
19.51 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.04
|
Adverse Events
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
Serious events: 51 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 2 deaths
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
Serious events: 55 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 2 deaths
Serious adverse events
| Measure |
Peer Mentorship Intervention (PREVAIL)
n=229 participants at risk
A Peer Specialist will be making regular follow-up contact with study participants in the community or by telephone for 3 months following hospital discharge. Peer mentorship interactions will include a series of manualized, semi-structured conversations developed by the study team and will address protective factors such as hope and belongingness. PREVAIL arm participants will also receive Enhanced Usual Care (EUC).
Peer mentorship: The PREVAIL intervention will be delivered by a Certified Peer Support Specialist (CPSS) or Peer Recovery Coach. Participants will select a Peer to work with based on brief personal descriptions. Sessions may occur in-person (public place, the participant's home, or a research clinic space) or remotely (phone or video call). The first meeting will occur while the participant is hospitalized, and subsequent sessions will be scheduled per the participant's preferences, with a suggested frequency of twice weekly for weeks 1-2, weekly for weeks 3-8, and every other week for the last month. Sessions will last 1 hour on average and will consist of semi-structured conversations focused on protective factors such as hope, safety planning, and coping skills. Session structure and content are intentionally flexible to allow for general supportive listening, validation, sharing, and genuineness in the relationship, thereby increasing acceptability and implicit belongingness.
|
Enhanced Usual Care (EUC)
n=226 participants at risk
The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you." A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
Enhanced Usual Care: The EUC condition will consist of a "caring message" from the study team via e-mail or text message (based on the participant's preference) 24-72 hours after discharge. An example message is, "We hope things are going well for you since you left the hospital. If you wish to reply, we'd be glad to hear from you". A list of local mental health resources will be available if participants reply and during the 3 and 6-month follow-up assessments. The EUC condition is modeled on prior studies of caring letters and brief contacts by health professionals after suicidal crisis and national recommendations to provide post-crisis follow-up contacts.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Psychiatric disorders
Medically serious suicide attempt
|
1.3%
3/229 • Number of events 3 • 24 weeks
|
0.88%
2/226 • Number of events 2 • 24 weeks
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
Psychiatric hospitalization due to suicidal intent or behavior
|
11.8%
27/229 • Number of events 35 • 24 weeks
|
12.8%
29/226 • Number of events 38 • 24 weeks
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
Psychiatric hospitalization for a reason other than suicide risk
|
1.7%
4/229 • Number of events 4 • 24 weeks
|
1.3%
3/226 • Number of events 3 • 24 weeks
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
Psychiatric Emergency Department visit without hospitalization
|
4.4%
10/229 • Number of events 14 • 24 weeks
|
4.0%
9/226 • Number of events 9 • 24 weeks
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
Homicidal behavior
|
0.44%
1/229 • Number of events 1 • 24 weeks
|
0.00%
0/226 • 24 weeks
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
Suicide attempt without medical attention
|
2.6%
6/229 • Number of events 12 • 24 weeks
|
5.3%
12/226 • Number of events 20 • 24 weeks
|
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place