Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
19 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2017-07-22
2017-07-30
Brief Summary
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In the control condition the participants will perform 5 minutes of aerobic warm-up (stepping on the stair) and then 7 series of 20-seconds static stretching of quadriceps femoris, hamstrings, hip adductors and triceps surae.
Maximal power and jump height of the countermovement jump will be tested in between every series. Thus, parameters of countermovement jump will be monitored at the beginning, after warm-up, after each series of static stretching, 7.5 minutes after 7th static stretching series and 15 minutes after 7th static stretching series.
Parameters of dynamometry (relative maximal torque \[Nm/kgBM\] and rate of torque developement \[Nm/s/kgBM\] will be monitored at the beginning, after warm up, 7.5 minutes after last series of static stretching and 15 minutes after last series of static stretching.
Maximal range of motion will be monitored at the beginning, after warm up, during every series of static stretching, after last series of static stretching, 7.5 minutes after last series of static stretching and 15 minutes after last series of static stretching.
In the second condition (experimental) all the tasks are the same, the only difference is that the subjects must perform post-activation potentiation exercises after last series of static stretching.
We hypothesize that muscular performance will be impaired to a statistically significant level after 7th series of static stretching. Second hypothesis is that negative effects will not last longer than 15 minutes and the last hypothesis is that static stretching induced negative effects can be nullified with activation exercises.
Detailed Description
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Post-activation potentiation is a phenomenon, which is induced by loading the muscle to increase the recruitment of motor units. Since static stretching can have negative effects on muscle performance (maximal strength, power) the researchers hypothesize, that the effects can be eliminated with this type of activation exercises.
In this study the researchers want to measure acute effects of warm-up and static stretching on maximal range of motion, maximal torque and maximal rate of torque of adductors (dynamometer) and maximal power and height of countermovement jump (force plate) of football players. Since there is many scientific evidence that shows that static stretching can improve short-term muscle performance, our aim is to discover the size and the duration of negative effects and if they can be eliminated with post-activation potentiation exercises. In the cross-over study design 19 football players of age 14 will be included.
In the first condition (control) the participants will perform 5 minutes of aerobic warm-up (stepping on the stair) and then 7 series of 20-seconds bilateral static stretching of hamstrings, adductors and triceps surae (with knee extended). Quadriceps femoris will be stretched unilaterally, each muscle 20 seconds. Summary of all stretches in one series is 80 seconds. Maximal range of motion of hip abduction and hip flexion (seat and reach test) and dorsal flexion will be measured at the beginning, after warm up, during each series of static stretching, after last series of static stretching, 7.5 minutes after last series of static stretching and 15 minutes after last series of static stretching.
Maximal power \[W/kg\] and height \[m\] of the countermovement jump will be monitored with force plate at the beginning, after warm up, after each series of static stretching, 7.5 minutes after last series of static stretching and 15 minutes after last series of static stretching.
On dynamometer will be conducted 2 maximal explosive voluntary contractions of adductors muscles. Relative maximal torque \[Nm/kgBM\] and rate of torque developement \[Nm/s/kgBM\] will be measured at the beginning, after warm up, after last series of static stretching, 7.5 minutes after last series of static stretching and 15 minutes after last series of static stretching.
In the second condition (experimental) all the tasks are the same, the only difference is that the subjects must conduct activation exercises after last series of static stretching.
Activation exercises are consisted of 2 series of 4 exercises. The first series (slow series) starts with 8 lifts onto toes (dorsal flexion) with knees extended, than continues with 8 deep squats and 8 hip thrust and then terminates with four 4-seconds lasting maximal voluntary contraction of adductors with knees extended and with soft ball between the ankles. The second series (explosive) commences with 8 maximal vertical jumps conducted just with ankles, and then continues with 8 maximal countermovement jumps and 8 explosive hip thrusts. It finishes with 8 maximal explosive and 2 seconds lasting voluntary contractions of hip adductors with knees extended and with soft ball between the ankles.
The researchers hypothesize that muscular performance (maximal power and height of the countermovement jump, maximal torque and rate of torque developement of adductors muscles) will be impaired after 7 series of static stretching. Second hypothesis is that negative effects will not last longer than 15 minutes and the last hypothesis is that static stretching induced negative effects can be eliminated with sets of activation exercises.
Statistical analysis will be performed in SPSS (SPSS Statistics 22, IBM, New York). T-test, 1-way and 2-way repeated measures ANOVA will be used to confirm the differences between average values.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
BASIC_SCIENCE
NONE
Study Groups
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Experimental condition
7 series of static stretching will be conducted in the experimental condition. Activation exercises will be performed after 7th series of static stretching.
Activation exercise
Two series of 4 activation exercise will be included in the intervention.
7 series of static stretching
7 series of 4 20 seconds static stretches will be conducted.
Control
7 series of static stretching will be conducted in the control condition.
7 series of static stretching
7 series of 4 20 seconds static stretches will be conducted.
Interventions
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Activation exercise
Two series of 4 activation exercise will be included in the intervention.
7 series of static stretching
7 series of 4 20 seconds static stretches will be conducted.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
12 Years
15 Years
MALE
Yes
Sponsors
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S2P, Science to Practice, Ltd.
OTHER
Motus Melior, Ltd.
UNKNOWN
University of Primorska
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Nejc Sarabon
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sc.
Principal Investigators
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Nejc Sarabon, PhD
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Studies, Izola, Slovenia
Locations
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Faculty of Health Studies, University of Primorska
Izola, Polje 42, Slovenia
Countries
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Other Identifiers
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UP-FVZ-StretchingEffects
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id