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School Lunch Salad Bars and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

NCT ID: NCT03283033

Last Updated: 2023-11-24

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

TERMINATED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

7491 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-10-01

Study Completion Date

2023-06-30

Brief Summary

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The investigators propose an efficacy study (i.e., do salad bars work under controlled conditions in naturalistic settings) to test whether introducing salad bars in elementary, middle, and high schools that have never had salad bars affects students' FV consumption and waste during lunch. A cluster randomized controlled trial will test new salad bars against controls for 6 wks, with/without an additional 4-wk marketing phase .

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Children, Only Behavior, Eating School Obesity Food Selection Food Habits Diet Modification Adolescent Behavior

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Experimental 3

Introduction of a new salad bar and marketing conditions during second semester of school year

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

New salad bar

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

New salad bar placed in school

Marketing

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Marketing conditions (printed material, displays, verbal announcements, prompts and taste tests)

Experimental 2

Introduction of marketing conditions during second semester of school year

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Marketing

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Marketing conditions (printed material, displays, verbal announcements, prompts and taste tests)

Experimental 1

Introduction of a new salad bar during second semester of school year

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

New salad bar

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

New salad bar placed in school

Control

No introduction of a new salad bar and no introduction of marketing conditions

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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New salad bar

New salad bar placed in school

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Marketing

Marketing conditions (printed material, displays, verbal announcements, prompts and taste tests)

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Students enrolled in any grade between grades one and twelve
* Student ID number matches that on a list of randomly selected student ID numbers from the population of student enrolled in school
* Students who elect to receive a hot entree at lunch
* Students who assent to participate

Exclusion Criteria

* Students in detention
* Students in special education
* Students in Kindergarten
* Students not in school for any reason (e.g. illness, vacation)
Minimum Eligible Age

6 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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National Institutes of Health (NIH)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

Arizona State University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Marc Adams, PhD, MPH

Assistant Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Arizona State University

Phoenix, Arizona, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Adams MA, Ohri-Vachaspati P, Richards TJ, Todd M, Bruening M. Design and rationale for evaluating salad bars and students' fruit and vegetable consumption: A cluster randomized factorial trial with objective assessments. Contemp Clin Trials. 2019 Feb;77:37-45. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.12.007. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30572161 (View on PubMed)

Bruening M, Adams MA, Ohri-Vachaspati P, Hurley J. Prevalence and Implementation Practices of School Salad Bars Across Grade Levels. Am J Health Promot. 2018 Jul;32(6):1375-1382. doi: 10.1177/0890117116689159. Epub 2017 Feb 19.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 29214812 (View on PubMed)

Adams MA, Todd M, McEntee ML, Yu TY, Ohri-Vachaspati P, Richards TJ, Bruening M. A cluster randomized factorial trial of school-lunch salad bars and marketing on elementary students' objectively measured fruit and vegetable consumption. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2025 May 26;22(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12966-025-01758-z.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40420203 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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R01HL139120

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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