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The Effect of a Safety Video on Ski and Snowboard School Program Participants in Calgary, Alberta

NCT ID: NCT03184779

Last Updated: 2017-10-05

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

2348 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2016-07-26

Study Completion Date

2017-12-30

Brief Summary

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The main objective of the study is to investigate if a video intervention can help increase knowledge, decrease risky behaviours on the hill, and reduce injury risk in students who participate in ski and snowboard school programs. The study design is a cluster randomized controlled trial where participating schools will be randomized into either an intervention or control group. The intervention video will contain an injury prevention and safety promotion component for skiing or snowboarding. The control group will receive the standard orientation video that many schools typically provide for students prior to their ski/snowboard outings in previous years.

Detailed Description

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Skiing and snowboarding are two popular winter activities, and school sanctioned ski and snowboard programs hosted at local ski areas provide students the opportunity to discover and engage in new activities that can benefit their physical and mental well-being. However, these winter sports can be associated with a high risk of injury. Previous studies have found that the majority of injuries in snow sports are preventable and tend to be caused by poor decisions, actions and human error. As part of ski and snowboard school programs at WinSport's Canada Olympic Park (COP) in Calgary, Alberta, children receive an introduction to the sport including basic safety information. However, there is no consistent and comprehensive injury prevention component built into ski and snowboard school outing programs. For this research, the investigative team will implement and evaluate a video intervention with built-in injury prevention and safety promotion messages.

The study design is a cluster randomized controlled trial where participating schools will be randomized into either an intervention or control group. The intervention video is approximately 10 minutes in length and will include information on proper preparation, correct protective equipment use, and strategies for speed control and collision avoidance while skiing or snowboarding. The content and format of the intervention video was developed and informed by focus groups with parents, students, ski patrollers, and ski instructors to ensure optimal information uptake for viewers.The control group will receive the standard orientation video that many schools usually provide for students prior to their ski/snowboard outings.

The participants will be children between the ages of 6 to 15 years (grades 1 to 9) who participate in the ski and snowboard school programs at COP in Calgary, Alberta. The outcomes of interest that will be measured include knowledge uptake (through the use of pre- and post-test questionnaires delivered before and after watching the assigned video, and measuring differences in test scores before and after watching the video), behavioural changes (through the use of multiple observers who will collect data on unsafe behaviours and actions observed on the ski hill during two hour time intervals) and injury risk (through the use of nationally standardized ski patrol accident report forms that will be provided by the ski area and school program enrollment data to calculate injury rates).

Conditions

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Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Risk Behavior Injuries

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Schools will be stratified by grade and half of the schools in each stratum will be randomly assigned to the intervention and the other half will be assigned to the control group. Stratification by grade is necessary to ensure that groups are similar enough to ensure less biased comparisons. The research team will also ensure that schools going on their outing to COP on the same day are assigned to the same group. This is to ensure that research assistants can assume that all students observed on the hill for that particular day have the same intervention or control status since it may be challenging to distinguish which school group each student belongs to strictly through observation. That way the research team can accurately ascertain the intervention and control status of each student for the behavior observation component of the study.
Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Outcome Assessors
Participants (including the teachers and students) will not be told by the research team if the video assigned to their class is the control or intervention. During the consent process though, they will be made aware that they are going to be randomly assigned to either the control or intervention video.

Furthermore, when the two observers go to the ski hill to collect data on observed unsafe behaviours, they will be blinded to the intervention/control status of the school at the ski area that day to prevent observer bias.

Study Groups

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Intervention

The intervention group will receive an educational video containing safety messages and an injury prevention component with the intent of reducing behaviours and actions on the hill than can potentially lead to injury.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Ski and Snowboard Safety Video

Intervention Type OTHER

The ski and snowboard safety video (\~10 minutes) includes information on preparation, correct protective equipment use (e.g. helmets), and strategies for speed control and collision avoidance. Focus groups were conducted among parents, students, ski patrol, and ski instructors to inform the content and format of the video. Feedback and suggestions from focus groups were utilized to ensure that the video optimized information uptake from children and adolescents who watch the video. The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model was embedded throughout the video to ensure evidence-informed pathways towards positive behaviour change.

Control

The control group will receive the usual procedures associated with school outings where students have the opportunity to watch the standard welcome video (\~8 minutes) with information on how their day will go and how to use and put on safety equipment. The information given in the control procedure emphasizes preparation and how to use and put on equipment rather than safety messages oriented towards preventing injury and collisions. Students in the control group will watch the video prior to participating in the ski area school program.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Ski and Snowboard Safety Video

The ski and snowboard safety video (\~10 minutes) includes information on preparation, correct protective equipment use (e.g. helmets), and strategies for speed control and collision avoidance. Focus groups were conducted among parents, students, ski patrol, and ski instructors to inform the content and format of the video. Feedback and suggestions from focus groups were utilized to ensure that the video optimized information uptake from children and adolescents who watch the video. The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model was embedded throughout the video to ensure evidence-informed pathways towards positive behaviour change.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Elementary and junior high school students (grades 1 to 9)
* Attends a school participating in a ski and snowboard school program hosted by a local ski area

Exclusion Criteria

* High school students (grade 10 or above)
Minimum Eligible Age

6 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

15 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Brent E Hagel, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Calgary

Other Identifiers

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REB15-0749

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id