Prospective RCT Of Water Exchange (WE) vs. WE Plus Cap-Assisted Colonoscopy
NCT ID: NCT03160859
Last Updated: 2023-12-12
Study Results
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View full resultsBasic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
280 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2018-06-08
2022-10-28
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Patients who are willing to participate will sign an informed consent before starting the colonoscopy procedure. Separate parallel randomization will be set up at each site, stratified type of colonoscopy (screening, surveillance, diagnostic). All subjects will have scheduled unsedated colonoscopy as a result of lack of escort or personal preference for no sedation. Randomization will be set up by statistics consultant.
Control Method: One arm of the study will include unsedated colonoscopy with water exchange (WE) as the control method. Residual air in the colon will be removed and water will be infused to guide insertion through an airless lumen. Infused water will be removed by suction, along with residual fecal debris, predominantly during insertion.
Study method: The other arm will include unsedated colonoscopy with water exchange (WE) and the addition of a cap, fitted to the colonoscope per manufacturer instruction.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
SINGLE
Study Groups
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Control Method
One arm of the study will include unsedated colonoscopy with water exchange (WE) as the control method. Residual air in the colon will be removed and water will be infused to guide insertion through an airless lumen. Infused water will be removed predominantly during insertion.
Control
Unsedated colonoscopy with water exchange (WE) where the residual air in the colon will be removed and water will be infused to guide insertion through an airless lumen. Infused water is removed predominantly during insertion.
Study Method
The other arm will include unsedated colonoscopy with water exchange (WE) and the addition of a simple commercially available accessory to the colonoscopy device: a cap (Disposable Distal Attachment, Olympus Medical Systems Corp., Tokyo, Japan) fitted to the colonoscope per manufacturer instruction. Residual air in the colon will be removed and water will be infused to guide insertion through an airless lumen. Infused water will be removed predominantly during insertion.
Study method
Unsedated colonoscopy with water exchange (WE + cap) and the addition of a cap fitted to the colonoscope.
Interventions
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Control
Unsedated colonoscopy with water exchange (WE) where the residual air in the colon will be removed and water will be infused to guide insertion through an airless lumen. Infused water is removed predominantly during insertion.
Study method
Unsedated colonoscopy with water exchange (WE + cap) and the addition of a cap fitted to the colonoscope.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* diagnostic
* surveillance (follow up of polyps)
* screening (first-time) colonoscopy at participating sites
* choosing scheduled unsedated colonoscopy for any reason (lack of escort, personal preference)
Exclusion Criteria
* unable to give consent or respond to questionnaires
* history of colon surgery
* active inflammatory bowel disease
* lower gastrointestinal bleeding (except for occult blood or FIT positive in the context of colon cancer screening)
* therapeutic colonoscopy (e.g., hemostasis, removal of large polyp)
* proctosigmoidoscopy
* bidirectional endoscopy
* inadequate consumption of bowel preparation
* known history of severe diverticulosis or diverticulitis
* history of abdominal surgery previously requiring sedation for colonoscopy
* current narcotic/anxiolytic medication use
* prior unsuccessful experience with unsedated colonoscopy
* emergent colonoscopy
* evidence of colonic obstruction based on pre-colonoscopy clinical evaluation
* current participation in other studies
* medical condition that could increase the risk associated with colonoscopy
* active cardiac
* or pulmonary disease
* or other serious disease
* medical condition that would preclude a benefit from colonoscopic screening
* cancer
* or any terminal illness
* prosthetic heart valve
* anticoagulant therapy
* nonmedical problems
* psychiatric disorders
* excessive use of alcohol
* need for special precautions in performing colonoscopy
* antibiotic prophylaxis
* request of on demand sedation
50 Years
80 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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VA Northern California Health Care System
FED
VA Palo Alto Health Care System
FED
VA Office of Research and Development
FED
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Felix W. Leung, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Sepulveda, CA
Locations
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VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
Palo Alto, California, United States
VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA
Sacramento, California, United States
VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Sepulveda, CA
Sepulveda, California, United States
Countries
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References
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Wolff WI, Shinya H. Polypectomy via the fiberoptic colonoscope. Removal of neoplasms beyond reach of the sigmoidoscope. N Engl J Med. 1973 Feb 15;288(7):329-32. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197302152880701. No abstract available.
Leung FW. The case of unsedated screening colonoscopy in the United States. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009 Jun;69(7):1354-6. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.12.234. Epub 2009 Feb 27. No abstract available.
Leung FW, Aljebreen AM, Brocchi E, Chang EB, Liao WC, Mizukami T, Schapiro M, Triantafyllou K. Sedation-risk-free colonoscopy for minimizing the burden of colorectal cancer screening. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2010 Mar 16;2(3):81-9. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v2.i3.81.
Leung FW. Is there a place for sedationless colonoscopy? J Interv Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan;1(1):19-22. doi: 10.4161/jig.1.1.14592.
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Subramanian S, Liangpunsakul S, Rex DK. Preprocedure patient values regarding sedation for colonoscopy. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005 Jul;39(6):516-9. doi: 10.1097/01.mcg.0000165667.79530.44.
Early DS, Saifuddin T, Johnson JC, King PD, Marshall JB. Patient attitudes toward undergoing colonoscopy without sedation. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Jul;94(7):1862-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01219.x.
Leung FW. Patients' perspective - written testimonials from physician-patients and oral accounts presented by patients in person. J Interv Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan;1(1):45-46. doi: 10.4161/jig.1.1.14605. No abstract available.
Jonas DE, Russell LB, Sandler RS, Chou J, Pignone M. Patient time requirements for screening colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Nov;102(11):2401-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01387.x. Epub 2007 Jun 29.
Leung FW. Unsedated colonoscopy introduced to ensure access is acceptable to a subgroup of veterans. Dig Dis Sci. 2008 Oct;53(10):2719-22. doi: 10.1007/s10620-007-0192-8. Epub 2008 Feb 15.
Felix W. Leung, Hartley Cohen, Stanley K. Dea, Dennis M. Jensen, Thomas O. Kovacs, Gordon V. Ohning, Joseph R. Pisegna, Alireza Sedarat, Alan Sheinbaum, Timothy C. Simmons, Rebecca Slomovic, Brennan M. Spiegel, Mitchell J. Spirt, James Sul and Rabindra R. Watson. Scheduled unsedated colonoscopy - a novel tool for managing no shows due to lack of escorts required for conscious sedation. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2014-05-01, Volume 79, Issue 5, Pages AB178-AB179
Terruzzi V, Meucci G, Radaelli F, Terreni N, Minoli G. Routine versus "on demand" sedation and analgesia for colonoscopy: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001 Aug;54(2):169-74. doi: 10.1067/mge.2001.113923.
Leung FW, Harker JO, Jackson G, Okamoto KE, Behbahani OM, Jamgotchian NJ, Aharonian HS, Guth PH, Mann SK, Leung JW. A proof-of-principle, prospective, randomized, controlled trial demonstrating improved outcomes in scheduled unsedated colonoscopy by the water method. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010 Oct;72(4):693-700. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.05.020. Epub 2010 Jul 8.
Leung JW, Mann SK, Siao-Salera R, Canete W, Leung FW. The established and time-tested water exchange method in scheduled unsedated colonoscopy significantly enhanced patient-centered outcomes without prolonging procedural times - A RCT. J Interv Gastroenterol. 2013;3(1):7-11.
Hsieh YH, Koo M, Leung FW. A patient-blinded randomized, controlled trial comparing air insufflation, water immersion, and water exchange during minimally sedated colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014 Sep;109(9):1390-400. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2014.126. Epub 2014 Jun 3.
Cadoni S, Gallittu P, Sanna S, Fanari V, Porcedda ML, Erriu M, Leung FW. A two-center randomized controlled trial of water-aided colonoscopy versus air insufflation colonoscopy. Endoscopy. 2014 Mar;46(3):212-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1353604. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
Cadoni S, Sanna S, Gallittu P, Argiolas M, Fanari V, Porcedda ML, Erriu M, Leung FW. A randomized, controlled trial comparing real-time insertion pain during colonoscopy confirmed water exchange to be superior to water immersion in enhancing patient comfort. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Mar;81(3):557-66. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2014.07.029. Epub 2014 Sep 26.
Cadoni S, Falt P, Gallittu P, Liggi M, Mura D, Smajstrla V, Erriu M, Leung FW. Water Exchange Is the Least Painful Colonoscope Insertion Technique and Increases Completion of Unsedated Colonoscopy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Nov;13(11):1972-80.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.04.178. Epub 2015 May 5.
Kim HG. Painless Colonoscopy: Available Techniques and Instruments. Clin Endosc. 2016 Sep;49(5):444-448. doi: 10.5946/ce.2016.132. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Morgan J, Thomas K, Lee-Robichaud H, Nelson RL, Braungart S. Transparent cap colonoscopy versus standard colonoscopy to improve caecal intubation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Dec 12;12(12):CD008211. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008211.pub3.
Holme O, Bretthauer M, de Lange T, Seip B, Huppertz-Hauss G, Hoie O, Sandvei P, Ystrom CM, Hoff G. Risk stratification to predict pain during unsedated colonoscopy: results of a multicenter cohort study. Endoscopy. 2013 Sep;45(9):691-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1344239. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
Wang L, Jia H, Luo H, Kang X, Zhang L, Wang X, Yao S, Tao Q, Pan Y, Guo X. A novel intubation discomfort score to predict painful unsedated colonoscopy. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Mar 12;100(10):e24907. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000024907.
Anderson JC, Gonzalez JD, Messina CR, Pollack BJ. Factors that predict incomplete colonoscopy: thinner is not always better. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Oct;95(10):2784-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03186.x.
Leung FW, Cheung R, Friedland S, Jacob N, Leung JW, Pan JY, Quan SY, Sul J, Yen AW, Jamgotchian N, Chen Y, Dixit V, Shaikh A, Elashoff D, Saha A, Wilhalme H. Prospective randomized controlled trial of water exchange plus cap versus water exchange colonoscopy in unsedated veterans. Gastrointest Endosc. 2025 Feb;101(2):402-413.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2024.07.010. Epub 2024 Jul 23.
Provided Documents
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Document Type: Study Protocol
Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan
Document Type: Informed Consent Form
Other Identifiers
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GAST-015-16S
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
NCT03543124
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: nct_alias