Vedolizumab Treatment in Antiretroviral Drug Treated Chronic HIV Infection

NCT ID: NCT03147859

Last Updated: 2023-05-11

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Clinical Phase: PHASE2
• Total Enrollment: 10 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2017-11-01
• Study Completion Date: 2023-12-31

Brief Summary

Background:

In nearly all people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, immunity cannot either control or eradicate the infection. There are good medicinal treatments, collectively called "ART" (antiretroviral therapy) which control HIV infection by suppressing the virus in the bloodstream. ART is needed for life, and if a person stops taking ART the HIV infection returns in the bloodstream. So, there is good treatment, but no cure. The researchers want to test whether a period of treatment with vedolizumab can be used to control HIV infection in the bloodstream in persons with HIV on ART, after stopping ART.

Objective:

To determine whether vedolizumab is safe and tolerable in people with HIV, to assess the safety of an analytical treatment interruption (ATI), and to determine whether vedolizumab can control HIV infection in the bloodstream without the use of ART.

Eligibility:

Adults 18-65 with HIV who are being treated with ART

Design:

Participants will be screened with: Physical exam, medical history, blood and urine tests Participants will have a baseline visit which will include repeat of the screening testing.

Participants will then present for their first study visit which will include: receiving vedolizumab infusions through an arm vein, repeats of the baseline testing. Participants will then have serial visits on a pre-specific schedule to receive ongoing vedolizumab doses every 2-4 weeks until week 20. Each visit will also include repeat of the baseline tests.

After week 6 and before week 7 patients will discontinue ART. After the final infusion of vedolizumab at week 20 patients will continue to be assessed with physical exam, medical history, and repeat of the baseline testing every 4 weeks up to 1 year.

ART will be re-started for participants if the level of HIV in the blood becomes too high, persists for too long, or if the CD4 count decreases by too much.

Detailed Description

HIV is a chronic active infection of lymphocytes and monocytoid cells resulting in a progressive and profound depletion of T cell subsets and ultimately in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV infects cells of the immune system throughout the body and may cause an active cytolytic infection in activated lymphocytes, become dormant as a latent infection in resting lymphocytes, or continue as a chronically active infection in macrophages. Continuous anti-retroviral drug treatment (ART) suppresses virus within the bloodstream and allows some degree of immune healing so as to permit near-normal health and life expectancy. However, interruption of ART is uniformly followed by rebound of viremia as a result of ongoing chronic active infection, and reactivation of latent infection. Successful ART requires daily medications indefinitely. There is an ongoing need for treatments which are more effective in the eradication of HIV. Counter to past expectations for cell-mediated immunity, broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAb) have been developed which show anti-HIV activity in vivo in reducing viremia (plasma virus load, PVL), and in slightly reducing recurrence of lasting PVL following analytical treatment interruption (ATI). Monoclonal antibody therapies against host cellular markers such as HIV co-receptors have been put forward as potential strategy in immunological treatment of HIV infection. If activated lymphocytes could be protected from cytolytic HIV infection in the presence of concurrent active HIV infection of other cells and tissues, then unperturbed potent acquired specific or innate immunity might confer lasting immunological remission of HIV infection.

This year, an unexpected finding of sustained remission of plasma viremia level (PVL) to below quantifiable assay limits in a rhesus macaque SIV infection model of AIDS was reported. The envelope of SIV (and HIV) appears to interact with α4β7 integrin, a lymphocyte homing receptor for trafficking to gut mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) that was the target of mAb treatment in this study. This study showed that in animals treated with the mAb while discontinuing ART there was a diminished rebound and sustained remission of PVL, and less GALT associated viral load for a long-lasting period of at least 24 months. The mechanism of this unexpected post-treatment effect is unknown. In humans infected with HIV, such an effect sustained over time with continued remission of progressive immunodeficiency would meet definitional criteria of "functional cure" of HIV/AIDS. The results observed in the SIV model reveal a promising avenue for investigation in this area of research towards control of HIV infection in absence of ART. We propose to assess the safety and tolerability of anti-α4β7 integrin monoclonal antibody in healthy HIV-infected adults on ART, to assess the safety of ATI and whether anti-α4β7 integrin monoclonal antibody treatment can induce sustained virologic remission in the absence of ART.

Conditions

HIV-infection/AIDS

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: SEQUENTIAL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Group A-150mg dose of vedolizumab per infusion followed by ATI - Low Dose

\* Please note that the previous low dose arm was 75mg of vedolizumab per infusion, but no participant was ever given this dose. The study will have a 20-week treatment phase and a 28-week follow-up phase over one year. Intravenous infusion of 150 mg of vedolizumab per infusion per visit schedule will be administered to 4 participants. The visit schedule will be the same for each group - Infusion at weeks 0, 2, 5, 8 and every 4 weeks thereafter up to 40 weeks for at least 7 doses as tolerated. ATI will begin between weeks 6 and 7, and infusions continued at weeks 8, 12, 16 and 20.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Vedolizumab (brand name Entyvio)

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

IV infusion

Group B-300mg dose of vedolizumab per infusion followed by ATI - Mid Dose

The study will have a 20-week treatment phase and a 28-week follow-up phase over one year. Intravenous infusion of 300 mg of vedolizumab per infusion per visit schedule will be administered to 4 participants. The visit schedule will be the same for each group - Infusion at weeks 0, 2, 5, 8 and every 4 weeks thereafter up to 40 weeks for at least 7 (and up to 12) doses as tolerated. ATI will begin between week 10, and infusions continued at weeks 12, 16 and 20. Infusions may also be given at weeks 24, 28, 32, 36 and 40 depending on tolerance and pVL response.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Vedolizumab (brand name Entyvio)

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

IV infusion

Group C-600mg dose of vedolizumab per infusion followed by ATI - High Dose

The study will have a 20-week treatment phase and a 28-week follow-up phase over one year. Intravenous infusion of 600 mg of vedolizumab per infusion per visit schedule will be administered to 4 participants. The visit schedule will be the same for each group - Infusion at weeks 0, 2, 5, 8 and every 4 weeks thereafter up to 40 weeks for at least 7 (and up to 12) doses as tolerated. ATI will begin between week 10, and infusions continued at weeks 12, 16 and 20. Infusions may also be given at weeks 24, 28, 32, 36 and 40 depending on tolerance and pVL response.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Vedolizumab (brand name Entyvio)

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

IV infusion

Interventions

Vedolizumab (brand name Entyvio)

IV infusion

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Adult (≥ 18 to 65 years) with HIV infection.

2. Nadir CD4 T cell count ≥ 200 and current CD4 T cell count > 500 cells/mcL

3. Adherent on ART 2 to 9 years with sustained pVL ≤ 50 copies/mL

4. Ability to comprehend and provided informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

1. Past AIDS-defining or AIDS-related immune deficiency diseases

2. Past drug-resistant HIV or ART-refractory pVL response

3. Current hepatitis B or C virus infection, or untreated latent TB infection

4. Clinically significant concurrent health condition.

5. Pregnancy, lactation, or non-adherence with contraception if fertile.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 65 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Cheo Research Institute

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Nebraska Centre for Substance Abuse Research

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Ottawa Hospital Research Institute

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Bill Cameron, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Ottawa Hospital Research Institute

Locations

The Ottawa Hospital -General Campus

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

Canada

Central Contacts

Bill Cameron, MD

Role: CONTACT

bcameron@toh.ca

613-737-8923

Michaeline McGuinty, MD

Role: CONTACT

mimcguinty@toh.ca

289-668-3798

Facility Contacts

Donald W Cameron, MD

Role: primary

bcameron@ohri.ca

613-737-8923

References

McGuinty M, Angel JB, Cooper CL, Cowan J, MacPherson PA, Kumar A, Murthy S, Sy R, Dennehy M, Tremblay N, Byrareddy SN, Cameron DW. Vedolizumab treatment across antiretroviral treatment interruption in chronic HIV infection: the HAVARTI protocol for a pilot dose-ranging clinical trial to assess safety, tolerance, immunological and virological activity. BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 8;10(10):e041359. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041359.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 33033101 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

20160928-01H

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id