Drug Use and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Emerging Adults in the ER

NCT ID: NCT03079856

Last Updated: 2018-08-29

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 63 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2017-10-09
• Study Completion Date: 2018-08-13

Brief Summary

This project will develop a technology-augmented HIV and substance use risk reduction intervention for delivery in the Emergency Department, a medical setting where at-risk emerging adults who use drugs and engage in HIV-related risk behaviors are likely to present.

Detailed Description

Research regarding substance use (including illicit drugs and non-medical use of prescription drugs) and HIV-related sexual risk behaviors (HIV SRBs; e.g., inconsistent condom use, multiple partners, sex while intoxicated; and prevention of injection drug use) among emerging adults (EAs; ages 18-25) has generally focused on alcohol use among college students from campus settings; however, substance use and HIV (and other associated Sexually Transmitted Infections) disproportionately occur among young people living in urban, low-resource communities, particularly individuals of racial minorities. The Emergency Department (ED) is a critical venue for accessing at-risk EAs engaging in substance use and HIV risk behaviors. Research shows high rates of substance use and HIV SRBs among EA patients in the ED, yet no intervention exists for EAs in this setting. The ED may be the only opportunity to intervene with these young people because EAs in urban, low-resource settings often lack a primary care provider during the transition from pediatric to adult medicine, may be un-insured or under-insured, and may not be involved in a traditional college campus setting. Further the use of technology (e.g., mobile phones) is relatively ubiquitous among this age group, and most prefer technology-based communication (e.g., text messaging or instant messaging via apps), therefore interventions for EAs may be enhanced by this type of technology. In this phase we will test a tailored intervention for EA patients in the ED focusing on reducing substance use and HIV SRBs, which will be enhanced through the use of mobile app notifications.

Conditions

Drug Use; Sex Behavior

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Brief Intervention

ED-based computer-guided intervention for substance use and HIV risk reduction utilizing Motivational Interviewing

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Brief Intervention

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Intervention for emerging adults (EAs) seeking care in the ED. The intervention will be rooted in motivational interviewing (MI) and will be guided by social cognitive, self-determination, and the trans-theoretical theories. The ED visit presents a "teachable moment" for intervening to promote health behavior, therefore eligible EAs will receive a \~30 minute MI-based session in the ED. In order to capitalize on and potentially extend this moment, participants will receive daily booster notifications delivered through a secure mobile app that they will download to their phone at enrollment.

Enhanced Usual Care

Substance use and sexual health services information within a brochure provided to participants

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Brief Intervention

Intervention for emerging adults (EAs) seeking care in the ED. The intervention will be rooted in motivational interviewing (MI) and will be guided by social cognitive, self-determination, and the trans-theoretical theories. The ED visit presents a "teachable moment" for intervening to promote health behavior, therefore eligible EAs will receive a \~30 minute MI-based session in the ED. In order to capitalize on and potentially extend this moment, participants will receive daily booster notifications delivered through a secure mobile app that they will download to their phone at enrollment.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Medically stable
• Mentally and physically able to consent
• English-speaking
• Between ages 18-25
• Past-month substance use (including illicit drugs and/or non-medical prescription drug use) and inconsistent condom use in the past month
• Ownership of a smartphone

Exclusion Criteria

• ED presentation suicidality and/or acute psychosis, being in police custody, or present with psychological distress requiring intensive social work (e.g. sexual assault)
• Patients with a significant other that they live with who is currently participating in study
• Actively participating in another study
• Participated in prospective and intervention development phases of the study
• Married
• Do not wish to consent to audio-taping the in-person portion of the ED-based intervention session

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 25 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Michigan

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Erin Bonar

Assistant Professor of Psychiatry

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Erin E Bonar, Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Michigan

Locations

Hurley Medical Center

Flint, Michigan, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

4K23DA036008-04

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

NIDA036008

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id