Trial Outcomes & Findings for Oxytocin, Alcohol Craving, and Intimate Partner Aggression (NCT NCT03046836)

NCT ID: NCT03046836

Last Updated: 2022-05-09

Results Overview

Change in subjective alcohol craving as measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) between time point 3 (before the alcohol cue) and 4 (after the alcohol cue). Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints: Minute 0 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 1) Minute 5 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 2) OT/placebo administered at minute 10 Minute 40 (Time 3) Minute 45 - alcohol cue paradigm began Time 4 (immediately after alcohol cue) Minute 65 - TAP began Time 5 (immediately after TAP began) Time 6 (15 minutes after TAP) Time 7 (30 minutes after TAP) Time 8 (60 minutes after TAP) This 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was anchored on a 100mm Likert-type scale from 0 (not at all/no craving) to 10 (extremely/maximum carving). The scale is set to 100mm in length, and the lowest value is a 0 (zero), representing no craving and and highest value is a 10 (ten) representing extreme craving.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

200 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints. Outcome measure represents the change in VAS scores between time point 3 (before the alcohol cue) and 4 (after the alcohol cue).

Results posted on

2022-05-09

Participant Flow

Participants were enrolled from July 2017 through April 2021. Participants were recruited from local clinics, by using social media advertisements, and from the investigator's previous trials.

One hundred couples (N = 200 individuals) were enrolled using 1:1 randomization. Both partners within a couple were assigned to the same condition (oxytocin or placebo). Inclusion criteria indicated that one or both partners in each couple met DSM-5 criteria for current AUD and endorsed physical intimate partner aggression (IPA i.e., hitting, slapping) that occurred at any point during their current relationship, as assessed by the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Oxytocin
Each participant will self-administer 40 IU intranasal Oxytocin Oxytocin: 40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
Control
Each participant will self-administer matching saline placebo Placebo: Saline
Overall Study
STARTED
100
100
Overall Study
COMPLETED
100
100
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Oxytocin, Alcohol Craving, and Intimate Partner Aggression

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Oxytocin
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer 40 IU intranasal Oxytocin Oxytocin: 40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
Control
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer matching saline placebo Placebo: Saline
Total
n=200 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
36.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.5 • n=5 Participants
34.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11 • n=7 Participants
35.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 113 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
53 Participants
n=5 Participants
53 Participants
n=7 Participants
106 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
47 Participants
n=5 Participants
47 Participants
n=7 Participants
94 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
91 Participants
n=5 Participants
93 Participants
n=7 Participants
184 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
25 Participants
n=5 Participants
19 Participants
n=7 Participants
44 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
64 Participants
n=5 Participants
74 Participants
n=7 Participants
138 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Relationship Status
Cohabitating
47 Participants
n=5 Participants
43 Participants
n=7 Participants
90 Participants
n=5 Participants
Relationship Status
Married
39 Participants
n=5 Participants
32 Participants
n=7 Participants
71 Participants
n=5 Participants
Relationship Status
Dating
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
15 Participants
n=7 Participants
22 Participants
n=5 Participants
Relationship Status
Single
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
Relationship Status
Separated
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Relationship Status
Divorced
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Relationship Status
Missing
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)
Mild
30 Participants
n=5 Participants
20 Participants
n=7 Participants
50 Participants
n=5 Participants
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)
Moderate
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
19 Participants
n=7 Participants
33 Participants
n=5 Participants
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)
Severe
37 Participants
n=5 Participants
37 Participants
n=7 Participants
74 Participants
n=5 Participants
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)
No AUD
19 Participants
n=5 Participants
24 Participants
n=7 Participants
43 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints. Outcome measure represents the change in VAS scores between time point 3 (before the alcohol cue) and 4 (after the alcohol cue).

Change in subjective alcohol craving as measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) between time point 3 (before the alcohol cue) and 4 (after the alcohol cue). Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints: Minute 0 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 1) Minute 5 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 2) OT/placebo administered at minute 10 Minute 40 (Time 3) Minute 45 - alcohol cue paradigm began Time 4 (immediately after alcohol cue) Minute 65 - TAP began Time 5 (immediately after TAP began) Time 6 (15 minutes after TAP) Time 7 (30 minutes after TAP) Time 8 (60 minutes after TAP) This 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was anchored on a 100mm Likert-type scale from 0 (not at all/no craving) to 10 (extremely/maximum carving). The scale is set to 100mm in length, and the lowest value is a 0 (zero), representing no craving and and highest value is a 10 (ten) representing extreme craving.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oxytocin
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer 40 IU intranasal Oxytocin (OT) Oxytocin: 40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
Control
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer matching saline placebo Placebo: Saline
Change in Alcohol Craving
0.90 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.12
1.21 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.12

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 10 minutes from start to end of TAP

Intensity of laboratory-based IPA was assessed using the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP). IPA intensity is operationalized as the volume of "shock" administered on a 1-10 (1 is least intense, 10 is most intense) scale using the computer based paradigm in response to "losing" trials. TAP is a fictitious reaction time competition among partners. Participants are told that a winning trial required them to deliver a shock to their partner that ranged from 1 to 10 intensity for a duration of their choosing. A losing trial resulted in them receiving a shock from their partner (administered through two electrodes attached to the index and middle fingers of the nondominant hand). In reality, all participants received an identical sequence of "winning" or "losing" trials (and corresponding shocks) generated by the TAP software. IPA was operationalized as the average intensity (volume) and duration of shocks administered in response to "losing" trials.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oxytocin
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer 40 IU intranasal Oxytocin (OT) Oxytocin: 40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
Control
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer matching saline placebo Placebo: Saline
Laboratory Intimate Partner Aggression Intensity (IPA)
4.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.2
4.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 10 minutes from start to end of TAP

Laboratory IPA Duration was measured by the length of time participants administered "shocks" in the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP). Measured in milliseconds. Greater number of milliseconds represents a longer shock. TAP is a fictitious reaction time competition among partners. Participants are told that a winning trial required them to deliver a shock to their partner that ranged from 1 to 10 intensity for a duration of their choosing. A losing trial resulted in them receiving a shock from their partner (administered through two electrodes attached to the index and middle fingers of the nondominant hand). In reality, all participants received an identical sequence of "winning" or "losing" trials (and corresponding shocks) generated by the TAP software. IPA was operationalized as the average intensity (volume) and duration of shocks administered in response to "losing" trials.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oxytocin
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer 40 IU intranasal Oxytocin (OT) Oxytocin: 40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
Control
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer matching saline placebo Placebo: Saline
Laboratory Intimate Partner Aggression (IPA) Duration
405.5 milliseconds
Standard Deviation 113.2
414.4 milliseconds
Standard Deviation 117.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured between Time 4 (before the laboratory aggression paradigm) and Time 5 (after the laboratory aggression paradigm).

Change in salivary cortisol measured between Time 4 (before the laboratory aggression paradigm) and Time 5 (after the laboratory aggression paradigm). Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints: Minute 0 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 1) Minute 5 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 2) OT/placebo administered at minute 10 Minute 40 (Time 3) Minute 45 - alcohol cue paradigm began Time 4 (immediately after alcohol cue) Minute 65 - TAP began Time 5 (immediately after TAP began) Time 6 (15 minutes after TAP) Time 7 (30 minutes after TAP) Time 8 (60 minutes after TAP) Higher salivary cortisol is indicative of higher stress response and lower salivary cortisol is indicative of lower stress response.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oxytocin
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer 40 IU intranasal Oxytocin (OT) Oxytocin: 40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
Control
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer matching saline placebo Placebo: Saline
Change in Cortisol
0.11 ul/dL
Interval 0.09 to 0.13
0.11 ul/dL
Interval 0.09 to 0.12

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Change is aggression measured between time point 4 (after the alcohol cue) and 5 (during Taylor Aggression Paradigm).

Mean change in subjective aggression scores as measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) between time point 4 (after alcohol cue) and 5 (during Taylor Aggression Paradigm, TAP). Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints: Minute 0 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 1) Minute 5 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 2) OT/placebo administered at minute 10 Minute 40 (Time 3) Minute 45 - alcohol cue paradigm began Time 4 (immediately after alcohol cue) Minute 65 - TAP began Time 5 (immediately after TAP began) Time 6 (15 minutes after TAP) Time 7 (30 minutes after TAP) Time 8 (60 minutes after TAP) This 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was anchored on a Likert-type scale from 0 (not at all/no aggression) to 10 (extremely/maximum aggression). The scale is set to 100mm in length, and the lowest value is a 0 (zero), representing no aggression and and highest value is a 10 (ten) representing extreme aggression.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oxytocin
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer 40 IU intranasal Oxytocin (OT) Oxytocin: 40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
Control
n=100 Participants
Each participant will self-administer matching saline placebo Placebo: Saline
Change in Subjective Aggression
0.31 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.10
0.41 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.09

Adverse Events

Oxytocin

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 6 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Oxytocin
n=100 participants at risk
Each participant will self-administer 40 IU intranasal Oxytocin Oxytocin: 40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
Control
n=100 participants at risk
Each participant will self-administer matching saline placebo Placebo: Saline
Ear and labyrinth disorders
Lightheadedness
0.00%
0/100 • 1 month
2.0%
2/100 • Number of events 2 • 1 month
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Upper Respiratory Infection
0.00%
0/100 • 1 month
1.0%
1/100 • Number of events 1 • 1 month
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Epistaxis
0.00%
0/100 • 1 month
1.0%
1/100 • Number of events 1 • 1 month
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Accident
0.00%
0/100 • 1 month
1.0%
1/100 • Number of events 2 • 1 month
Surgical and medical procedures
Cholecystectomy
0.00%
0/100 • 1 month
1.0%
1/100 • Number of events 1 • 1 month

Additional Information

Stacey Sellers

Medical University of South Carolina - Institute of Psychiatry

Phone: 8437925807

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place