Local Changes of Skin Characteristics After an Application of a Topical Product With a Warming or Cooling Effect

NCT ID: NCT03016221

Last Updated: 2019-12-13

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

90 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-05-01

Study Completion Date

2019-12-06

Brief Summary

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The use of topical over-the-counter (OTC) products with a warming or cooling effect is widespread in the fields of sport, physiotherapy and in private households. Advertisements for such products promise pain relief when suffering from musculoskeletal disorders such as muscle tension, rheumatism or acute injuries, e.g. sprains. In literature, there are only little information about the efficacy and the physiological mechanisms of topical warming or cooling products. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the local skin characteristics during and after an application of a topical product with a warming or cooling effect.

Detailed Description

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The use of topical products for local pain relief in chronic or acute musculoskeletal disorders is widely used. Despite the widespread use of these products, there is missing information on the physiological mechanisms and efficacy of topical warming and cooling ointments. Most of the existing literature is about the efficacy of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-products on chronic pain in osteoarthritis. Furthermore, one study tested the cooling effect of gels with different menthol concentrations. They found that, regardless of the concentration, the skin temperature was reduced up to one hour post application in the area of application.

The aim of our study is to evaluate the change of skin characteristics after a single application of a warming or cooling topical product on healthy subjects. Outcome parameters include skin perfusion, temperature, skin redness and subjective thermal sensation. We only selected products in form of alcohol based ointments, menthol or wintergreen oil. Sprays and patches were excluded.

The application area is the unilateral lumbar back region, whereas the contralateral side serves as control area. After an acclimatization period, baseline measurements are performed, followed by standardized application of the topical product. The local skin responses are measured in 10 mins time increments up to one hour.

Conditions

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Healthy

Keywords

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local skin responses hyperemia thermal sensation topical warming ointments topical cooling ointments skin perfusion subjective thermal sensation muscle tissue oxygenation skin temperature skin redness erythema

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

TRIPLE

Participants Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Axanova hot gel

Intervention: Axanova hot gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Axanova hot gel

Intervention Type OTHER

Axanova hot gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains menthol, pine needle oil, wintergreen oil, rosemary oil, eucalyptus oil, incense oil.

Axanova hot gel control

No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Axanova hot gel control.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Axanova activ gel

Intervention: Axanova activ gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Axanova activ gel

Intervention Type OTHER

Axanova activ gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. It contains menthol, pine needle oil, orange oil, lemon oil, wintergreen oil, glycosaminoglycans.

Axanova activ gel control

No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Axanova activ gel control.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Perskindol Dolo Gel

Intervention: Perskindol Dolo Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Perskindol Dolo Gel

Intervention Type OTHER

Perskindol Dolo Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains wintergreen oil, pine needle oil, aromatics, excipients.

Perskindol Dolo Gel control

No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Dolo Gel control.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Perskindol Classic Gel

Intervention: Perskindol Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Perskindol Classic Gel

Intervention Type OTHER

Perskindol Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. It contains menthol, wintergreen oil, pine needle oil, lemon oil, orange peel oil, lemon bergamot oil, rosemary oil, lavender oil, excipients.

Perskindol Classic Gel control

No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Classic Gel control.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel

Intervention: Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel

Intervention Type OTHER

Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. It contains levomenthol, color E131, aromatics, excipients.

Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel control

No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel control.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Dolor-X Hot Gel

Intervention: Dolor-X Hot Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Dolor-X Hot Gel

Intervention Type OTHER

Dolor-X Hot Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains isopropyl alcohol, water, menthol, hyprolose, camphor, trometamol, paprika, wintergreen oil, excipients.

Dolor-X Hot Gel control

No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Hot Gel control.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Dolor-X Classic Gel

Intervention: Dolor-X Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Dolor-X Classic Gel

Intervention Type OTHER

Dolor-X Classic Gel is a revulsive product. It contains water, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, spruce, hyprolose, trometamol, wintergreen oil, excipients.

Dolor-X Classic Gel control

No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Classic Gel control.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Dolor-X Cool Gel

Intervention: Dolor-X Cool Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Dolor-X Cool Gel

Intervention Type OTHER

Dolor-X Cool Gel is a cooling product. It contains water, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, trometamol, color E131, excipients.

Dolor-X Cool Gel control

No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Cool Gel control.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Axanova hot gel

Axanova hot gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains menthol, pine needle oil, wintergreen oil, rosemary oil, eucalyptus oil, incense oil.

Intervention Type OTHER

Axanova activ gel

Axanova activ gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. It contains menthol, pine needle oil, orange oil, lemon oil, wintergreen oil, glycosaminoglycans.

Intervention Type OTHER

Perskindol Dolo Gel

Perskindol Dolo Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains wintergreen oil, pine needle oil, aromatics, excipients.

Intervention Type OTHER

Perskindol Classic Gel

Perskindol Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. It contains menthol, wintergreen oil, pine needle oil, lemon oil, orange peel oil, lemon bergamot oil, rosemary oil, lavender oil, excipients.

Intervention Type OTHER

Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel

Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. It contains levomenthol, color E131, aromatics, excipients.

Intervention Type OTHER

Dolor-X Hot Gel

Dolor-X Hot Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains isopropyl alcohol, water, menthol, hyprolose, camphor, trometamol, paprika, wintergreen oil, excipients.

Intervention Type OTHER

Dolor-X Classic Gel

Dolor-X Classic Gel is a revulsive product. It contains water, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, spruce, hyprolose, trometamol, wintergreen oil, excipients.

Intervention Type OTHER

Dolor-X Cool Gel

Dolor-X Cool Gel is a cooling product. It contains water, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, trometamol, color E131, excipients.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* no existing musculoskeletal disorders in the region of interest
* no surgery in the region of interest in the last year
* healthy skin conditions in the region of interest

Exclusion Criteria

* fear of treatment
* regular intake of drugs, excluding contraceptives
* metal implants in the region between C7 and sacrum, including hip joints
* lack of epicritic and protopathic skin sensitivity
* renal insufficiency
* bronchial asthma
* pregnancy/lactation
* type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus
* polyneuropathy
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

40 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Locations

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SUPSI

Landquart, Kanton Graubünden, Switzerland

Site Status

Countries

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Switzerland

Other Identifiers

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2016-01541

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id