Trial Outcomes & Findings for Open Versus Robotic Retromuscular Ventral Hernia Repair (NCT NCT03007758)

NCT ID: NCT03007758

Last Updated: 2025-08-07

Results Overview

A composite outcome of events which are clinically significant including but not limited to seroma requiring procedural intervention, skin dehiscence, cellulitis, hematoma, skin necrosis, and surgical site infections which may require interventions such as wound care or antibiotic therapy.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

101 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Through study completion, an average of 2 years

Results posted on

2025-08-07

Participant Flow

After screening, 101 patients were consented.

One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair).

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
Open VHR
Overall Study
STARTED
50
51
Overall Study
Randomization
50
50
Overall Study
Surgery
48
45
Overall Study
Completed 30-Day Follow-up
45
44
Overall Study
Analysis of 30-day Outcomes
46
44
Overall Study
Analysis of 2-year Outcomes
32
30
Overall Study
COMPLETED
32
30
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
18
21

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Open Versus Robotic Retromuscular Ventral Hernia Repair

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Total
n=90 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
32 Participants
n=5 Participants
32 Participants
n=7 Participants
64 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
12 Participants
n=7 Participants
26 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
30 Participants
n=7 Participants
58 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
14 Participants
n=7 Participants
32 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
42 Participants
n=5 Participants
43 Participants
n=7 Participants
85 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
37 Participants
n=5 Participants
40 Participants
n=7 Participants
77 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
Comorbidities
HTN
26 Participants
n=5 Participants
28 Participants
n=7 Participants
54 Participants
n=5 Participants
Comorbidities
DM
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
16 Participants
n=7 Participants
29 Participants
n=5 Participants
Comorbidities
COPD
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
6 Participants
n=7 Participants
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
Active Smoker
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
14 Participants
n=7 Participants
30 Participants
n=5 Participants
ASA
2
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
12 Participants
n=7 Participants
25 Participants
n=5 Participants
ASA
3
32 Participants
n=5 Participants
32 Participants
n=7 Participants
64 Participants
n=5 Participants
ASA
4
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Hernia Type
Incisional
44 Participants
n=5 Participants
41 Participants
n=7 Participants
85 Participants
n=5 Participants
Hernia Type
Primary Ventral
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Hernia Type
Parastomal
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Hernia Type
Recurrent Hernia
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
23 Participants
n=7 Participants
39 Participants
n=5 Participants
Number of Prior Repairs
None
30 Participants
n=5 Participants
21 Participants
n=7 Participants
51 Participants
n=5 Participants
Number of Prior Repairs
1
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
20 Participants
n=7 Participants
30 Participants
n=5 Participants
Number of Prior Repairs
2
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
Number of Prior Repairs
3 or more
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Prior Mesh Present
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
16 Participants
n=7 Participants
23 Participants
n=5 Participants
Myofascial release
Posterior rectus sheath only
32 Participants
n=5 Participants
34 Participants
n=7 Participants
66 Participants
n=5 Participants
Myofascial release
Transversus Abdominis Release
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
10 Participants
n=7 Participants
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
Intraoperative Complications
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Bowel Injury (serosa)
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
Bowel Injury (full-thickness)
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 2 years

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 robotic RMVHR and 44 open RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

A composite outcome of events which are clinically significant including but not limited to seroma requiring procedural intervention, skin dehiscence, cellulitis, hematoma, skin necrosis, and surgical site infections which may require interventions such as wound care or antibiotic therapy.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Composite Outcome of Diagnosis of Surgical Site Occurrence or Infection, Hospital Readmission, or Hernia Recurrence
9 Participants
9 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Post-operatively: 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Surgical site occurrence (SSO) is defined as all wound complications that occur after a surgical procedure but are not surgical site infections.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
All Surgical Site Occurrences
8 Participants
7 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Post-operatively: 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Surgical site occurrence (SSO) is defined as all wound complications that occur after a surgical procedure but are not surgical site infections

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Surgical Site Occurrences Requiring Procedural Intervention
6 Participants
3 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Post-operatively: 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Surgical site occurrence is defined as all wound complications that occur after a surgical procedure but are not surgical site infections.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
All Surgical Site Infections
2 Participants
3 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Post-operatively: 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Surgical Site Infections Requiring Procedural Intervention
6 Participants
3 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Time from procedure until discharge, an expected range of 2 to10 days

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Length of Stay at Hospital Measured in Days
1 days
Interval 0.0 to 5.0
2 days
Interval 0.0 to 5.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Day of surgery

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Operative Time (Procedure Start to Procedure Finish Measured in Minutes)
206 minutes
Interval 184.0 to 237.0
156 minutes
Interval 130.0 to 205.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 2 years

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Cost for Hospital Charges From Billing Office
11747 U.S. Dollars
Interval 9717.0 to 13530.0
9267 U.S. Dollars
Interval 8873.0 to 11641.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at study enrollment

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Body Mass Index

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
BMI
36.7 kg/m^2
Interval 30.6 to 41.9
36.7 kg/m^2
Interval 31.6 to 40.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: measured at surgery

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Width of Hernia

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Hernia Width
8 cm
Interval 6.0 to 10.0
10 cm
Interval 8.0 to 12.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: measured at surgery

Population: After screening, 101 patients were consented. One patient withdrew from the study prior to surgery, leaving 100 patients randomized for inclusion. A total of 7 patients were randomized but never went through with surgery (5 randomized to open, 2 randomized to robotic repair). Two patients in the robotic arm and one in the open arm did not complete 30-day follow-up and were excluded, leaving 46 rRMVHR and 44 RMVHR patients for analysis of the primary outcome.

Length of Hernia

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=44 Participants
Open VHR
Hernia Length
15 cm
Interval 12.0 to 20.0
15 cm
Interval 10.0 to 19.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed at Baseline and Post-operatively at 30 days

Population: 41 patients in the robotic arm completed the 30 day PROs and 41 patients in the open arm completed the 30 day PROs.

Patient reported outcomes via the Hernia related quality of life score. The survey contains 12 statements about the patients abdominal wall and asks the patient to rate how strongly the disagree (1) or agree (6) with the statements on a scale 1-6. The score is calculated with the following formula: (120-\[(20/12)\*(sum of response on all 12 questions)\]).The highest possible number, meaning the abdominal wall does not affect the patient, is 100, and the lowest, meaning the abdominal wall greatly affects the patient's quality of life, is a 0.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=41 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=41 Participants
Open VHR
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 30 Days
Baseline Patient Reported Outcomes
34 units on a scale
Interval 16.0 to 52.0
28 units on a scale
Interval 16.0 to 64.0
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 30 Days
30 Day Patient Reported Outcomes
38 units on a scale
Interval 18.0 to 68.0
50 units on a scale
Interval 34.0 to 58.0
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 30 Days
Difference
0 units on a scale
Interval -22.0 to 32.0
16 units on a scale
Interval -20.0 to 30.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed at Baseline and Post-operatively at 6 through 12 months. Data for the 6 and 12-month patient reported outcomes were combined for analysis.

Population: 39 patients in the robotic arm completed the 6 or 12 month PROs and 33 patients in the open arm completed the 6 or 12 month PROs. Data collected at both 6 month and 12 month time points but they were combined for analysis.

Patient reported outcomes via the Hernia related quality of life score. The survey contains 12 statements about the patients abdominal wall and asks the patient to rate how strongly the disagree (1) or agree (6) with the statements on a scale 1-6.The score is calculated with the following formula: (120-\[(20/12)\*(sum of response on all 12 questions)\]).The highest possible number, meaning the abdominal wall does not affect the patient, is 100, and the lowest, meaning the abdominal wall greatly affects the patient's quality of life, is a 0.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=39 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=33 Participants
Open VHR
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 6 Through 12 Months
Baseline Patient Reported Outcomes
26 units on a scale
Interval 12.0 to 40.0
46 units on a scale
Interval 34.0 to 80.0
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 6 Through 12 Months
6-12 month Patient Reported Outcomes
86 units on a scale
Interval 64.0 to 94.0
90 units on a scale
Interval 72.0 to 96.0
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 6 Through 12 Months
Difference
60 units on a scale
Interval 22.0 to 78.0
20 units on a scale
Interval 10.0 to 54.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed at Baseline and Post-operatively at 24 months

Population: 32 patients in the robotic arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes and 30 patients in the open arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes.

Patient reported outcomes via the Hernia related quality of life score. The survey contains 12 statements about the patients abdominal wall and asks the patient to rate how strongly the disagree (1) or agree (6) with the statements on a scale 1-6. The score is calculated with the following formula: (120-\[(20/12)\*(sum of responses on all 12 questions)\]).The highest possible number, meaning the abdominal wall does not affect the patient, is 100, and the lowest, meaning the abdominal wall greatly affects the patient's quality of life, is a 0.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=32 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=30 Participants
Open VHR
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 24 Months
Baseline Patient Reported Outcomes
36 units on a scale
Interval 21.0 to 69.0
32 units on a scale
Interval 16.0 to 50.0
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 24 Months
24 month Patient Reported Outcomes
80 units on a scale
Interval 42.0 to 92.0
91 units on a scale
Interval 76.0 to 94.0
Quality of Life Via Questionnaire - 24 Months
Difference
28 units on a scale
Interval -5.0 to 56.0
59 units on a scale
Interval 14.0 to 64.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed at Baseline and Post-operatively at 30 days.

Population: 41 patients in the robotic arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes and 41 patients in the open arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes.

Patient is asked 3 different questions all in relation to their pain in the past 7 days: how intense was it as its worst, on average, and right now. They then rank their pain for each question on a scale of 1 - 5. 1 meaning no pain and 5 very severe pain. The pain scores were then averaged and used for this analysis.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=41 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=41 Participants
Open VHR
Pain Score - 30 Day Patient Reported Outcomes
Baseline Patient Reported outcomes
2 units on a scale
Interval 1.0 to 2.0
3 units on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 3.0
Pain Score - 30 Day Patient Reported Outcomes
30 Day Patient reported outcomes
3 units on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 3.0
2 units on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 3.0
Pain Score - 30 Day Patient Reported Outcomes
Difference
1 units on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 2.0
0 units on a scale
Interval -1.0 to 1.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed at Baseline and Post-operatively at 6-12 months; data for 6 and 12-month pain scores were combined for analysis.

Population: 39 patients in the robotic arm completed the 6 or 12 month patient reported outcomes and 33 patients in the open arm completed the 6 or 12 month patient reported outcomes. Data collected at both 6 month and 12 month time points but they were combined for analysis.

Patient is asked 3 different questions all in relation to their pain in the past 7 days: how intense was it as its worst, on average, and right now. They then rank their pain for each question on a scale of 1 - 5. 1 meaning no pain and 5 very severe pain. The pain scores were then averaged and used for this analysis.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=39 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=33 Participants
Open VHR
Pain Score - 6 or 12 Month Patient Reported Outcomes
Baseline Patient Reported outcomes
2 units on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 3.0
2 units on a scale
Interval 1.0 to 3.0
Pain Score - 6 or 12 Month Patient Reported Outcomes
6 or 12 month Patient reported outcomes
1 units on a scale
Interval 1.0 to 2.0
1 units on a scale
Interval 1.0 to 2.0
Pain Score - 6 or 12 Month Patient Reported Outcomes
Difference
-1 units on a scale
Interval -2.0 to 0.0
-1 units on a scale
Interval -1.0 to 0.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed at Baseline and Post-operatively at 24 months

Population: 32 patients in the robotic arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes and 30 patients in the open arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes.

Patient is asked 3 different questions all in relation to their pain in the past 7 days: how intense was it as its worst, on average, and right now. They then rank their pain for each question on a scale of 1 - 5. 1 meaning no pain and 5 very severe pain. The pain scores were then averaged and used for this analysis.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=32 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=30 Participants
Open VHR
Pain Score - 24 Month Patient Reported Outcomes
Baseline Patient Reported outcomes
2 units on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 3.0
2 units on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 3.0
Pain Score - 24 Month Patient Reported Outcomes
24 month Patient reported outcomes
1 units on a scale
Interval 1.0 to 2.0
1 units on a scale
Interval 1.0 to 1.0
Pain Score - 24 Month Patient Reported Outcomes
Difference
-1 units on a scale
Interval -1.5 to 0.0
-1 units on a scale
Interval -2.0 to 0.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed at Baseline and Post-operatively at 12 months.

Population: 39 patients in the robotic arm completed the 12 month patient reported outcomes and 33 patients in the open arm completed the 12 month patient reported outcomes.

Patients are asked 3 yes or no questions about their hernia operation: do you feel your hernia has come back, do you feel or see a bulge, and do you have physical pain or symptoms at the site.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=39 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=33 Participants
Open VHR
Ventral Hernia Recurrence Inventory 1 Year
Bulging at hernia site
16 count of "yes" answers
7 count of "yes" answers
Ventral Hernia Recurrence Inventory 1 Year
Pain at hernia site
9 count of "yes" answers
5 count of "yes" answers
Ventral Hernia Recurrence Inventory 1 Year
Do you feel your hernia has come back?
2 count of "yes" answers
2 count of "yes" answers

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed at Baseline and Post-operatively at 24 months

Population: 32 patients in the robotic arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes and 30 patients in the open arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes.

Patients are asked 3 yes or no questions about their hernia operation: do you feel your hernia has come back, do you feel or see a bulge, and do you have physical pain or symptoms at the site.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=32 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=30 Participants
Open VHR
Ventral Hernia Recurrence Inventory 2 Years
Pain at hernia site
8 count of "yes" answers
4 count of "yes" answers
Ventral Hernia Recurrence Inventory 2 Years
Bulging at hernia site
11 count of "yes" answers
3 count of "yes" answers
Ventral Hernia Recurrence Inventory 2 Years
Do you feel your hernia has come back?
7 count of "yes" answers
1 count of "yes" answers

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: assessed Post-operatively as 24 months

Population: 32 patients in the robotic arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes and 30 patients in the open arm completed the 24 month patient reported outcomes.

The ventral hernia recurrence inventory asked patients if they have had any additional surgery since the hernia operation. If they answer yes, they choose if the surgery was for a hernia or another reason. The answers from 1 year follow up and 2 year follow up to the last question were combined for this analysis. Composite recurrence was then determined by excluding patients with negative CT scan or physical exam but had answered the ventral hernia recurrence inventory indication the hernia recurrence.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=32 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=30 Participants
Open VHR
Hernia Recurrence
Ventral Hernia Recurrence Inventory - Recurrence at 2 years
11 Participants
4 Participants
Hernia Recurrence
Composite Recurrence
4 Participants
1 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at index surgery.

Population: Patient who are randomized to receive an open ventral hernia repair were not assessed for Conversion to Open

Robotic surgeries converted to open surgeries.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=46 Participants
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
Open VHR
Conversion to Open
5 Participants
0 Participants

Adverse Events

Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)

Serious events: 9 serious events
Other events: 15 other events
Deaths: 2 deaths

Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)

Serious events: 6 serious events
Other events: 7 other events
Deaths: 2 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=50 participants at risk
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=51 participants at risk
Open VHR
Surgical and medical procedures
Hematoma
6.0%
3/50 • Number of events 3 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/50 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Gastrointestinal disorders
small bowel obstruction
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Surgical and medical procedures
Wound infection
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
5.9%
3/51 • Number of events 3 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Surgical and medical procedures
Intraperietal hernia
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Surgical and medical procedures
Post surgical spine infection
0.00%
0/50 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Motor vehicle accident
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Cardiac disorders
Myocardial infarction
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Total left hip anthroplast
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Robotic Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=50 participants at risk
Robotic VHR
Open Ventral Hernia Repair (VHR)
n=51 participants at risk
Open VHR
Surgical and medical procedures
Seroma
12.0%
6/50 • Number of events 6 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Endocrine disorders
progressive renal insufficiency
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Cardiac disorders
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Surgical and medical procedures
Enterotomies
0.00%
0/50 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Surgical and medical procedures
Hematoma
0.00%
0/50 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
inguinal hernia repair
0.00%
0/50 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Superficial skin infection
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Nervous system disorders
Whiplash
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Surgical and medical procedures
Abdominal pain
4.0%
2/50 • Number of events 2 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Cardiac disorders
Coronary artery disease
0.00%
0/50 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Renal and urinary disorders
Ureteral stone
0.00%
0/50 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
2.0%
1/51 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Surgical and medical procedures
abdominal wall bulge
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Renal and urinary disorders
rectal bleeding
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
2.0%
1/50 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)
0.00%
0/51 • From enrollment until end of follow up (2 years after surgery)

Additional Information

Abby Birrell, Study Coordinator

Prisma Health

Phone: 8645222117

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place