Trial Outcomes & Findings for CT DOSE Collaboratory (NCT NCT03000751)

NCT ID: NCT03000751

Last Updated: 2024-03-08

Results Overview

We will assess the change in the mean effective dose after the simple audit and multi-component interventions (MCI) in comparison to before the audit and multi-component interventions. The numbers given below reflect absolute change in mean dose (in millisieverts) relative to the baseline period.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

864080 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Sites were randomized to 1 of 3 tracks, which determined the timing of intervention: Track A: audit at week 40, MCI at week 68 Track B: audit at week 44, MCI at week 74 Track C: audit at week 53, MCI at week 81

Results posted on

2024-03-08

Participant Flow

Study subjects were passively enrolled in this study; we had a waiver of informed consent and there was no direct contact with subjects. We have listed the number of unique subjects enrolled into each track; however, ALL ANALYSES WERE PERFORMED AT THE LEVEL OF THE CT SCAN, not at the individual subject level.

Unit of analysis: CT scans

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Track A
Track A received the simple audit intervention at week 40 and the multi-component intervention at week 68. The simple audit provided feedback on radiation doses including comparison with other participating sites. The multi-component intervention gave tailored, actionable feedback on needed changes in addition to a 7-week quality improvement collaborative that included guidance on quality improvement methods, webinars, interactive lectures by experts, case reviews, and best practices sharing.
Track B
Track B received the simple audit intervention at week 44 and the multi-component intervention at week 74. The simple audit provided feedback on radiation doses including comparison with other participating sites. The multi-component intervention gave tailored, actionable feedback on needed changes in addition to a 7-week quality improvement collaborative that included guidance on quality improvement methods, webinars, interactive lectures by experts, case reviews, and best practices sharing.
Track C
Track C received the simple audit intervention at week 53 and the multi-component intervention at week 81. The simple audit provided feedback on radiation doses including comparison with other participating sites. The multi-component intervention gave tailored, actionable feedback on needed changes in addition to a 7-week quality improvement collaborative that included guidance on quality improvement methods, webinars, interactive lectures by experts, case reviews, and best practices sharing.
Overall Study
STARTED
251607 327,462
229022 306,825
383451 522,370
Overall Study
COMPLETED
251607 327,462
229022 306,825
383451 522,370
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0 NA
0 NA
0 NA

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

CT DOSE Collaboratory

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Baseline Period
n=526439 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed during a baseline period of usual care (before intervention). The duration of this period differed by randomization Track (A, B, or C).
Simple Audit Intervention Period
n=251409 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the simple audit report intervention. The duration of this period differed by randomization Track (A, B, or C).
Multi-component Intervention Period
n=207576 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention. The duration of this period differed by randomization Track (A, B, or C).
Total
n=985424 CT scans
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Customized
18-29 years
40022 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
18468 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
15391 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
73881 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Age, Customized
30-39 years
45880 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
21198 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
17615 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
84693 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Age, Customized
40-49 years
64299 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
29492 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
24351 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
118142 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Age, Customized
50-59 years
98457 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
46589 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
37951 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
182997 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Age, Customized
60-69 years
114161 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
54155 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
44102 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
212418 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Age, Customized
70-79 years
92374 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
45969 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
39073 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
177416 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Age, Customized
80 years and older
71246 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
35538 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
29093 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
135877 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Sex: Female, Male
Female
278841 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
132772 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
110088 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
521701 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Sex: Female, Male
Male
247598 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
118637 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
97488 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
463723 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
NA CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
NA CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Type of scan
Abdomen
185671 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
87518 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
72084 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
345273 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Type of scan
Chest
143120 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
69678 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
56410 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
269208 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Type of scan
Combined abdomen and chest
30689 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
14784 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
14416 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
59889 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Type of scan
Head
166959 CT scans
n=526439 CT scans
79429 CT scans
n=251409 CT scans
64666 CT scans
n=207576 CT scans
311054 CT scans
n=985424 CT scans
Age, by type of scan
Abdomen
56.0 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.2 • n=526439 CT scans
56.3 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.3 • n=251409 CT scans
56.4 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.3 • n=207576 CT scans
56.2 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.3 • n=985424 CT scans
Age, by type of scan
Chest
61.6 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.3 • n=526439 CT scans
62.1 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.2 • n=251409 CT scans
62.0 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.2 • n=207576 CT scans
61.8 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.2 • n=985424 CT scans
Age, by type of scan
Combined abdomen and chest
62.5 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.3 • n=526439 CT scans
62.8 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.5 • n=251409 CT scans
63.4 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.4 • n=207576 CT scans
62.8 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.4 • n=985424 CT scans
Age, by type of scan
Head
60.1 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 19.9 • n=526439 CT scans
60.7 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 19.9 • n=251409 CT scans
60.6 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 19.9 • n=207576 CT scans
60.4 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 19.9 • n=985424 CT scans
Patient diameter
Abdomen
30.7 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.6 • n=526439 CT scans
30.8 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.7 • n=251409 CT scans
30.9 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.7 • n=207576 CT scans
30.8 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.7 • n=985424 CT scans
Patient diameter
Chest
28.9 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.9 • n=526439 CT scans
29.0 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.9 • n=251409 CT scans
28.9 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.1 • n=207576 CT scans
28.9 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.0 • n=985424 CT scans
Patient diameter
Combined abdomen and chest
29.7 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.1 • n=526439 CT scans
29.5 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.2 • n=251409 CT scans
29.7 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.2 • n=207576 CT scans
29.7 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.2 • n=985424 CT scans
Patient diameter
Head
17.1 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=526439 CT scans
17.1 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=251409 CT scans
17.2 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=207576 CT scans
17.1 Centimeters (cm)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=985424 CT scans

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Sites were randomized to 1 of 3 tracks, which determined the timing of intervention: Track A: audit at week 40, MCI at week 68 Track B: audit at week 44, MCI at week 74 Track C: audit at week 53, MCI at week 81

Population: The unit of analysis is CT scans; there were no data collected at the participant level. We excluded scans obtained during transition ("washout") periods immediately following each intervention. The numbers given below reflect absolute change in mean dose (in millisieverts) relative to the baseline period.

We will assess the change in the mean effective dose after the simple audit and multi-component interventions (MCI) in comparison to before the audit and multi-component interventions. The numbers given below reflect absolute change in mean dose (in millisieverts) relative to the baseline period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Simple Audit Intervention Period
n=251409 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the simple audit report intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
n=207576 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Change in Mean Effective Dose (ED)
Abdomen
-0.13 Millisieverts (mSv)
Interval -0.24 to -0.02
-0.81 Millisieverts (mSv)
Interval -0.99 to -0.64
Change in Mean Effective Dose (ED)
Chest
-0.14 Millisieverts (mSv)
Interval -0.23 to -0.05
-0.26 Millisieverts (mSv)
Interval -0.4 to -0.11
Change in Mean Effective Dose (ED)
Combined abdomen and chest
-0.88 Millisieverts (mSv)
Interval -1.18 to -0.57
-2.04 Millisieverts (mSv)
Interval -2.55 to -1.53
Change in Mean Effective Dose (ED)
Head
-0.01 Millisieverts (mSv)
Interval -0.06 to 0.04
-0.05 Millisieverts (mSv)
Interval -0.13 to 0.02

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Sites were randomized to 1 of 3 tracks, which determined the timing of intervention: Track A: audit at week 40, MCI at week 68 Track B: audit at week 44, MCI at week 74 Track C: audit at week 53, MCI at week 81

Population: The unit of analysis is CT scans; there were no data collected at the participant level. We excluded scans obtained during transition ("washout") periods immediately following each intervention.

We will assess the change in the percentage of examinations with an effective dose above the benchmark after the simple audit and after multi-component intervention (MCI) in comparison to doses before the audit and MCI. The benchmark for each anatomic area is defined as the 75th percentile of the dose distribution during the pre-intervention (baseline) period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Simple Audit Intervention Period
n=526439 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the simple audit report intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
n=251409 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
n=207576 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Percentage of CT Scans With an Effective Dose Above Benchmark
Head
26.2 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
26 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
21.8 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
Percentage of CT Scans With an Effective Dose Above Benchmark
Abdomen
24.7 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
24.7 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
22.2 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
Percentage of CT Scans With an Effective Dose Above Benchmark
Chest
26 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
25.5 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
24.9 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
Percentage of CT Scans With an Effective Dose Above Benchmark
Combined chest and abdomen
26.7 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
23 Percent of CT scans over benchmark
18.8 Percent of CT scans over benchmark

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Sites were randomized to 1 of 3 tracks, which determined the timing of intervention: Track A: audit at week 40, MCI at week 68 Track B: audit at week 44, MCI at week 74 Track C: audit at week 53, MCI at week 81

Population: Data were not collected.

We will assess the change in the dose length product after the audit and MCI in comparison to before the audit and MCI.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Sites were randomized to 1 of 3 tracks, which determined the timing of intervention: Track A: audit at week 40, MCI at week 68 Track B: audit at week 44, MCI at week 74 Track C: audit at week 53, MCI at week 81

Population: Data were not collected.

We will assess the change in the proportion of examinations with a dose length product above the benchmark after the audit and after the MCI in comparison to doses before the audit and MCI. The benchmark for each anatomic area is defined as the 75th percentile of the dose distribution during the pre intervention period.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Sites were randomized to 1 of 3 tracks, which determined the timing of intervention: Track A: audit at week 40, MCI at week 68 Track B: audit at week 44, MCI at week 74 Track C: audit at week 53, MCI at week 81

Population: The unit of analysis is CT scans; there were no data collected at the participant level. We excluded scans obtained during transition ("washout") periods immediately following each intervention. The numbers given below reflect absolute change in mean dose (in milligray, mGy) relative to the baseline period.

We will assess the change in the mean volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) from before versus after the audit and MCI intervention. CTDIvol (in units of milligray, mGy) is a measure of radiation dose, reflecting the amount of radiation imparted per CT slice by the scanner. Higher CTDIvol signifies more radiation dose. In general, a reduction in CTDIvol would be a sign of quality improvement, minimizing excess radiation exposure to the patient.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Simple Audit Intervention Period
n=251409 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the simple audit report intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
n=207576 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Change in Mean Volume Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol)
Abdomen
0.09 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval 0.01 to 0.16
0.03 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -0.1 to 0.15
Change in Mean Volume Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol)
Chest
0.04 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -0.07 to 0.14
-0.11 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -0.29 to 0.06
Change in Mean Volume Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol)
Combined abdomen and chest
-0.05 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -0.18 to 0.08
-0.42 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -0.64 to -0.2
Change in Mean Volume Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol)
Head
0.44 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval 0.27 to 0.62
-0.56 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -0.85 to -0.27

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Sites were randomized to 1 of 3 tracks, which determined the timing of intervention: Track A: audit at week 40, MCI at week 68 Track B: audit at week 44, MCI at week 74 Track C: audit at week 53, MCI at week 81

Population: The unit of analysis is CT scans; there were no data collected at the participant level. We excluded scans obtained during transition ("washout") periods immediately following each intervention.

We will assess the change in the percentage of examinations with a CTDIvol above the benchmark after the audit and after multicomponent intervention in comparison to doses before the audit and multicomponent intervention. The benchmark for each anatomic area is defined as the 75th percentile of the dose distribution during the pre intervention period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Simple Audit Intervention Period
n=526439 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the simple audit report intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
n=251409 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
n=207576 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Percentage of CT Scans With a CTDIvol Above Benchmark
Abdomen
24.5 Percentage of CT scans
24.9 Percentage of CT scans
24.1 Percentage of CT scans
Percentage of CT Scans With a CTDIvol Above Benchmark
Chest
26 Percentage of CT scans
25.8 Percentage of CT scans
24.1 Percentage of CT scans
Percentage of CT Scans With a CTDIvol Above Benchmark
Combined chest and abdomen
23.6 Percentage of CT scans
22.7 Percentage of CT scans
19.9 Percentage of CT scans
Percentage of CT Scans With a CTDIvol Above Benchmark
Head
24.4 Percentage of CT scans
25.0 Percentage of CT scans
17.9 Percentage of CT scans

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Sites were randomized to 1 of 3 tracks, which determined the timing of intervention: Track A: audit at week 40, MCI at week 68 Track B: audit at week 44, MCI at week 74 Track C: audit at week 53, MCI at week 81

Population: The unit of analysis is CT scans; there were no data collected at the participant level. We excluded scans obtained during transition ("washout") periods immediately following each intervention. The numbers given below reflect absolute change in mean dose (in millisieverts) relative to the baseline period.

We will assess the change in organ doses after the simple audit and multi-component interventions (MCI) in comparison to before the audit and multi-component interventions. The numbers given below reflect absolute change in mean dose (in millisieverts) relative to the baseline period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Simple Audit Intervention Period
n=251409 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the simple audit report intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
n=207576 CT scans
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Multi-component Intervention Period
Reflects CT scans analyzed after receiving the multi-component intervention.
Change in Mean Organ Doses: Brain Dose for Head CT; Lung Dose For Chest CT; Colon and Liver Dose for Abdomen CT
Abdomen (colon organ dose)
-6.0 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -6.9 to -5.0
-12.2 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -13.8 to -10.6
Change in Mean Organ Doses: Brain Dose for Head CT; Lung Dose For Chest CT; Colon and Liver Dose for Abdomen CT
Chest (lung organ dose)
-2.1 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -2.8 to -1.5
-3.7 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -4.7 to -2.7
Change in Mean Organ Doses: Brain Dose for Head CT; Lung Dose For Chest CT; Colon and Liver Dose for Abdomen CT
Combined chest and abdomen (lung organ dose)
-16.0 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -18.2 to -13.8
-30.1 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -33.8 to -26.4
Change in Mean Organ Doses: Brain Dose for Head CT; Lung Dose For Chest CT; Colon and Liver Dose for Abdomen CT
Combined chest and abdomen (colon organ dose)
-13.0 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -14.5 to -11.6
-17.6 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -20.0 to -15.1
Change in Mean Organ Doses: Brain Dose for Head CT; Lung Dose For Chest CT; Colon and Liver Dose for Abdomen CT
Head (brain organ dose)
-2.9 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -6.4 to 0.7
-7.5 Milligrays (mGy)
Interval -13.3 to -1.7

Adverse Events

Track A

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Track B

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Track C

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Rebecca Smith-Bindman, MD

University of California San Francisco

Phone: 415-353-4946

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place