Trial Outcomes & Findings for Cohort Study of Pioglitazone and Cancer Incidence in Participants With Diabetes Mellitus. (NCT NCT02958956)
NCT ID: NCT02958956
Last Updated: 2018-03-07
Results Overview
The hazard ratio of the 10 most common cancers: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma associated with ever use of pioglitazone. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to provide point and interval estimates of the relative hazard of the 10 most common cancers associated with ever use of pioglitazone. In all regression analyses, these measures of exposure to pioglitazone were treated as time-dependent covariates and time since entry into the cohort was the time scale.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Target enrollment
236507 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
15 years 5 months
Results posted on
2018-03-07
Participant Flow
Participants took part in the study at 2 investigative sites in the United States from 01 July 1997 to 30 June 2012.
Participants with a historical diagnosis of T2DM with pioglitazone exposure identified from the Kaiser Permanente of Northern California(KPNC) Diabetes Registry were enrolled in this observational study.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Ever User of Pioglitazone
Ever user of pioglitazone was defined as having filled 2 prescriptions for the drug within a 6-month period.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
38190
|
198317
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
38190
|
198317
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
0
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Cohort Study of Pioglitazone and Cancer Incidence in Participants With Diabetes Mellitus.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Ever User of Pioglitazone
n=38190 Participants
Ever user of pioglitazone was defined as having filled 2 prescriptions for the drug within a 6-month period.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
n=198317 Participants
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
Total
n=236507 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
55.6 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.4 • n=5 Participants
|
59.7 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.2 • n=7 Participants
|
59.0 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.0 • n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
17632 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
92552 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
110184 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
20558 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
105765 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
126323 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Non-Hispanic white
|
18717 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
99641 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
118358 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
African American
|
3667 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
19931 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
23598 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Asian or Pacific Islander
|
5695 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
26637 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
32332 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Hispanic
|
5144 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
21554 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
26698 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Other
|
2129 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
10549 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
12678 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Missing
|
2838 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
20005 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
22843 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Smoking
Current smoking
|
7929 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
37401 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
45330 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Smoking
Missing
|
30261 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
160916 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
191177 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Income
Low
|
20379 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
107007 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
127386 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Income
High
|
17125 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
86384 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
103509 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Income
Missing
|
686 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
4926 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
5612 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Renal function
Normal creatinine
|
29476 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
156510 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
185986 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Renal function
Elevated creatinine
|
1495 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
16234 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
17729 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Renal function
Missing
|
7219 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
25573 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
32792 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive Heart Failure
|
1070 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
12602 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
13672 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Congestive Heart Failure
Missing
|
37120 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
185715 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
222835 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Baseline Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
<7.0 percent (%)
|
6832 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
63867 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
70699 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Baseline Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
7.0-7.9%
|
6594 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
34579 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
41173 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Baseline Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
8.0-8.9%
|
4514 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
17971 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
22485 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Baseline Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
9.0-9.9%
|
3451 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
12342 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
15793 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Baseline Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
>=10.0%
|
8390 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
29836 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
38226 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Baseline Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Missing
|
8409 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
39722 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
48131 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Time since diabetes diagnosis
0-4 years
|
22835 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
134209 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
157044 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Time since diabetes diagnosis
5-9 years
|
3148 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
9554 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
12702 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Time since diabetes diagnosis
>= 10 years
|
2993 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
17300 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
20293 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Time since diabetes diagnosis
Missing
|
9214 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
37254 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
46468 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 15 years 5 monthsPopulation: Analysis population included T2DM participants who were identified from the KPNC Diabetes Registry in the study 1.
The hazard ratio of the 10 most common cancers: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma associated with ever use of pioglitazone. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to provide point and interval estimates of the relative hazard of the 10 most common cancers associated with ever use of pioglitazone. In all regression analyses, these measures of exposure to pioglitazone were treated as time-dependent covariates and time since entry into the cohort was the time scale.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Full Cohort
n=236507 Participants
Participants with diabetes who were members of the KPNC registry, who received (ever use) at least 2 prescriptions for pioglitazone within a 6-month period or who did not receive pioglitazone were followed up to 15.5 years (1997-2012) in this observational study.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate
|
1.13 Ratio
Interval 1.02 to 1.26
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Breast
|
1.00 Ratio
Interval 0.88 to 1.13
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus
|
1.00 Ratio
Interval 0.87 to 1.15
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Colon
|
0.91 Ratio
Interval 0.78 to 1.05
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
|
1.00 Ratio
Interval 0.81 to 1.23
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri
|
0.88 Ratio
Interval 0.71 to 1.09
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic
|
1.41 Ratio
Interval 1.16 to 1.71
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis
|
0.95 Ratio
Interval 0.76 to 1.18
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum
|
0.81 Ratio
Interval 0.6 to 1.08
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Ever Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma
|
1.15 Ratio
Interval 0.91 to 1.46
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 15 years 5 monthsPopulation: Analysis population included T2DM participants who were identified from the KPNC Diabetes Registry in the study 1.
Number of 10 most common cancer cases are reported in this measure: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Full Cohort
n=38190 Participants
Participants with diabetes who were members of the KPNC registry, who received (ever use) at least 2 prescriptions for pioglitazone within a 6-month period or who did not receive pioglitazone were followed up to 15.5 years (1997-2012) in this observational study.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
n=198317 Participants
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Prostate
|
476 Cases
|
3307 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Breast
|
320 Cases
|
2478 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Lung/Bronchus
|
282 Cases
|
2300 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Colon
|
233 Cases
|
1844 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
|
120 Cases
|
839 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Corpus Uteri
|
118 Cases
|
799 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Pancreatic
|
164 Cases
|
648 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Kidney/Renal Pelvis
|
110 Cases
|
690 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Rectum
|
59 Cases
|
570 Cases
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Associated Cases
Melanoma
|
102 Cases
|
594 Cases
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 15 years 5 monthsPopulation: Analysis population included T2DM participants who were identified from the KPNC Diabetes Registry in the study 1.
The hazard ratio of the 10 most common cancers: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma associated with time since first use of pioglitazone. The various times since initiation include \<12 months ago, 12-23 months ago, 24-35 months ago, 36-47 months ago, 48-83 months ago and 84+ months ago. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to provide point and interval estimates of the time since first use. In all regression analyses, these measures of exposure to pioglitazone were treated as time-dependent covariates and time since entry into the cohort was the time scale.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Full Cohort
n=236507 Participants
Participants with diabetes who were members of the KPNC registry, who received (ever use) at least 2 prescriptions for pioglitazone within a 6-month period or who did not receive pioglitazone were followed up to 15.5 years (1997-2012) in this observational study.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 24-35 months ago
|
0.65 Ratio
Interval 0.37 to 1.16
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: <12 months ago
|
0.92 Ratio
Interval 0.73 to 1.17
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 12-23 months ago
|
1.18 Ratio
Interval 0.94 to 1.47
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 24-35 months ago
|
1.21 Ratio
Interval 0.96 to 1.52
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 36-47 months ago
|
1.36 Ratio
Interval 1.07 to 1.71
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 48-83 months ago
|
1.04 Ratio
Interval 0.86 to 1.26
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 84+ months ago
|
1.23 Ratio
Interval 0.95 to 1.59
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: <12 months ago
|
1.00 Ratio
Interval 0.76 to 1.31
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 12-23 months ago
|
0.84 Ratio
Interval 0.62 to 1.14
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 24-35 months ago
|
1.04 Ratio
Interval 0.77 to 1.39
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 36-47 months ago
|
0.77 Ratio
Interval 0.54 to 1.1
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 48-83 months ago
|
1.03 Ratio
Interval 0.83 to 1.28
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 84+ months ago
|
1.38 Ratio
Interval 1.06 to 1.8
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: <12 months ago
|
0.82 Ratio
Interval 0.59 to 1.14
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 12-23 months ago
|
1.12 Ratio
Interval 0.84 to 1.5
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 24-35 months ago
|
1.13 Ratio
Interval 0.84 to 1.53
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 36-47 months ago
|
1.04 Ratio
Interval 0.75 to 1.45
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 48-83 months ago
|
0.95 Ratio
Interval 0.74 to 1.2
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 84+ months ago
|
0.96 Ratio
Interval 0.7 to 1.31
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: <12 months ago
|
0.62 Ratio
Interval 0.41 to 0.92
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 12-23 months ago
|
0.79 Ratio
Interval 0.55 to 1.14
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 24-35 months ago
|
1.35 Ratio
Interval 1.0 to 1.81
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 36-47 months ago
|
0.81 Ratio
Interval 0.55 to 1.19
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 48-83 months ago
|
0.97 Ratio
Interval 0.76 to 1.24
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 84+ months ago
|
0.79 Ratio
Interval 0.56 to 1.12
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: <12 months ago
|
1.15 Ratio
Interval 0.75 to 1.76
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 12-23 months ago
|
1.44 Ratio
Interval 0.97 to 2.14
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 24-35 months ago
|
0.92 Ratio
Interval 0.56 to 1.53
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 36-47 months ago
|
0.79 Ratio
Interval 0.44 to 1.4
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 48-83 months ago
|
0.70 Ratio
Interval 0.46 to 1.06
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 84+ months ago
|
0.98 Ratio
Interval 0.61 to 1.56
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: <12 months ago
|
0.91 Ratio
Interval 0.58 to 1.43
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 12-23 months ago
|
0.97 Ratio
Interval 0.62 to 1.53
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 36-47 months ago
|
0.90 Ratio
Interval 0.54 to 1.52
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 48-83 months ago
|
0.99 Ratio
Interval 0.7 to 1.41
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 84+ months ago
|
0.94 Ratio
Interval 0.59 to 1.51
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: <12 months ago
|
2.27 Ratio
Interval 1.61 to 3.2
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 12-23 months ago
|
1.31 Ratio
Interval 0.85 to 2.01
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 24-35 months ago
|
1.13 Ratio
Interval 0.71 to 1.82
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 36-47 months ago
|
1.28 Ratio
Interval 0.8 to 2.04
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 48-83 months ago
|
1.14 Ratio
Interval 0.82 to 1.6
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 84+ months ago
|
1.39 Ratio
Interval 0.93 to 2.07
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: <12 months ago
|
0.75 Ratio
Interval 0.43 to 1.3
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 12-23 months ago
|
0.59 Ratio
Interval 0.32 to 1.11
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 24-35 months ago
|
1.14 Ratio
Interval 0.71 to 1.83
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 36-47 months ago
|
1.16 Ratio
Interval 0.71 to 1.9
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 48-83 months ago
|
1.01 Ratio
Interval 0.71 to 1.44
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 84+ months ago
|
0.90 Ratio
Interval 0.55 to 1.5
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: <12 months ago
|
0.67 Ratio
Interval 0.34 to 1.29
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 12-23 months ago
|
0.65 Ratio
Interval 0.32 to 1.31
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 24-35 months ago
|
1.02 Ratio
Interval 0.56 to 1.86
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 36-47 months ago
|
1.27 Ratio
Interval 0.71 to 2.27
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 48-83 months ago
|
0.60 Ratio
Interval 0.33 to 1.08
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 84+ months ago
|
0.87 Ratio
Interval 0.42 to 1.81
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: <12 months ago
|
1.03 Ratio
Interval 0.6 to 1.76
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 12-23 months ago
|
1.37 Ratio
Interval 0.85 to 2.21
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 24-35 months ago
|
1.02 Ratio
Interval 0.57 to 1.83
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 36-47 months ago
|
1.45 Ratio
Interval 0.87 to 2.4
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 48-83 months ago
|
0.96 Ratio
Interval 0.62 to 1.47
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 84+ months ago
|
1.47 Ratio
Interval 0.91 to 2.36
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 15 years 5 monthsPopulation: Analysis population included T2DM participants who were identified from the KPNC Diabetes Registry in the study 1. The unexposed arm was not planned to be analyzed for this outcome measure.
Number of 10 most common cancer cases: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma associated with time since first use of pioglitazone. Time since initiation of pioglitazone was categorized as \<12 months ago, 12-23 months ago, 24-35 months ago, 36-47 months ago, 48-83 months ago and 84+ months ago.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Full Cohort
n=38190 Participants
Participants with diabetes who were members of the KPNC registry, who received (ever use) at least 2 prescriptions for pioglitazone within a 6-month period or who did not receive pioglitazone were followed up to 15.5 years (1997-2012) in this observational study.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: <12 months ago
|
55 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 12-23 months ago
|
82 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 24-35 months ago
|
76 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 36-47 months ago
|
75 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 48-83 months ago
|
119 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 84+ months ago
|
69 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: <12 months ago
|
42 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 12-23 months ago
|
42 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 24-35 months ago
|
47 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 36-47 months ago
|
31 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 48-83 months ago
|
91 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Breast: 84+ months ago
|
67 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: <12 months ago
|
32 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 12-23 months ago
|
48 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 24-35 months ago
|
45 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 36-47 months ago
|
37 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 48-83 months ago
|
75 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 84+ months ago
|
45 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: <12 months ago
|
22 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 12-23 months ago
|
30 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 24-35 months ago
|
47 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 36-47 months ago
|
26 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 48-83 months ago
|
71 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Colon: 84+ months ago
|
37 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: <12 months ago
|
21 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 12-23 months ago
|
26 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 24-35 months ago
|
16 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 36-47 months ago
|
12 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 48-83 months ago
|
24 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 84+ months ago
|
21 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: <12 months ago
|
14 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 12-23 months ago
|
20 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 24-35 months ago
|
12 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 36-47 months ago
|
15 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 48-83 months ago
|
36 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 84+ months ago
|
21 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: <12 months ago
|
33 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 12-23 months ago
|
22 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 24-35 months ago
|
18 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 36-47 months ago
|
19 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 48-83 months ago
|
41 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 84+ months ago
|
31 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: <12 months ago
|
12 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 12-23 months ago
|
10 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 24-35 months ago
|
18 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 36-47 months ago
|
17 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 48-83 months ago
|
35 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 84+ months ago
|
18 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: <12 months ago
|
8 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 12-23 months ago
|
8 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 24-35 months ago
|
11 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 36-47 months ago
|
12 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 48-83 months ago
|
12 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 84+ months ago
|
8 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: <12 months ago
|
10 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 12-23 months ago
|
18 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 24-35 months ago
|
12 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 36-47 months ago
|
16 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 48-83 months ago
|
24 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancers Cases by Time Since First Use of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 84+ months ago
|
22 Cases
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 15 years 5 monthsPopulation: Analysis population included T2DM participants who were identified from the KPNC Diabetes Registry in the study 1.
The hazard ratio of the 10 most common cancers: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma associated with duration of pioglitazone. The duration of pioglitazone was categorized as \<12 months, 12-23 months, 24-35 months, 36-59 months, 60+ months. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to provide point and interval estimates of the cumulative duration. In all regression analyses, these measures of exposure to pioglitazone were treated as time-dependent covariates and time since entry into the cohort was the time scale.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Full Cohort
n=236507 Participants
Participants with diabetes who were members of the KPNC registry, who received (ever use) at least 2 prescriptions for pioglitazone within a 6-month period or who did not receive pioglitazone were followed up to 15.5 years (1997-2012) in this observational study.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: <12 months
|
1.00 Ratio
Interval 0.84 to 1.19
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 12-23 months
|
1.30 Ratio
Interval 1.08 to 1.57
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 24-35 months
|
1.07 Ratio
Interval 0.84 to 1.35
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 36-59 months
|
1.18 Ratio
Interval 0.96 to 1.45
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 60+ months
|
1.16 Ratio
Interval 0.9 to 1.5
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: <12 months
|
0.84 Ratio
Interval 0.69 to 1.03
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: 12-23 months
|
1.07 Ratio
Interval 0.84 to 1.35
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: 24-35 months
|
1.01 Ratio
Interval 0.75 to 1.35
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: 36-59 months
|
1.06 Ratio
Interval 0.82 to 1.38
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: 60+ months
|
1.25 Ratio
Interval 0.93 to 1.68
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: <12 months
|
0.90 Ratio
Interval 0.73 to 1.12
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 12-23 months
|
0.98 Ratio
Interval 0.75 to 1.27
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 24-35 months
|
0.96 Ratio
Interval 0.7 to 1.31
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 36-59 months
|
1.06 Ratio
Interval 0.81 to 1.4
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 60+ months
|
1.12 Ratio
Interval 0.81 to 1.54
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: <12 months
|
0.86 Ratio
Interval 0.68 to 1.08
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: 12-23 months
|
0.88 Ratio
Interval 0.66 to 1.18
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: 24-35 months
|
1.03 Ratio
Interval 0.75 to 1.42
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: 36-59 months
|
0.66 Ratio
Interval 0.46 to 0.94
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: 60+ months
|
1.05 Ratio
Interval 0.76 to 1.46
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: <12 months
|
0.93 Ratio
Interval 0.66 to 1.29
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 12-23 months
|
1.25 Ratio
Interval 0.87 to 1.8
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 24-35 months
|
1.08 Ratio
Interval 0.69 to 1.7
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 36-59 months
|
0.72 Ratio
Interval 0.44 to 1.18
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 60+ months
|
0.89 Ratio
Interval 0.53 to 1.49
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: <12 months
|
1.01 Ratio
Interval 0.75 to 1.35
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 12-23 months
|
0.83 Ratio
Interval 0.55 to 1.25
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 24-35 months
|
0.97 Ratio
Interval 0.61 to 1.55
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 36-59 months
|
0.78 Ratio
Interval 0.49 to 1.24
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 60+ months
|
0.73 Ratio
Interval 0.42 to 1.29
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: <12 months
|
1.48 Ratio
Interval 1.12 to 1.95
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 12-23 months
|
1.19 Ratio
Interval 0.82 to 1.73
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 24-35 months
|
1.03 Ratio
Interval 0.64 to 1.66
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 36-59 months
|
1.63 Ratio
Interval 1.15 to 2.31
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 60+ months
|
1.53 Ratio
Interval 1.0 to 2.33
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: <12 months
|
0.92 Ratio
Interval 0.65 to 1.3
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 12-23 months
|
0.81 Ratio
Interval 0.52 to 1.27
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 24-35 months
|
0.96 Ratio
Interval 0.59 to 1.57
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 36-59 months
|
0.99 Ratio
Interval 0.64 to 1.52
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 60+ months
|
1.03 Ratio
Interval 0.63 to 1.68
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: <12 months
|
0.87 Ratio
Interval 0.57 to 1.33
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 12-23 months
|
0.78 Ratio
Interval 0.45 to 1.37
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 24-35 months
|
0.80 Ratio
Interval 0.41 to 1.56
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 36-59 months
|
0.58 Ratio
Interval 0.29 to 1.18
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 60+ months
|
0.89 Ratio
Interval 0.43 to 1.82
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: <12 months
|
1.06 Ratio
Interval 0.73 to 1.54
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 12-23 months
|
1.59 Ratio
Interval 1.08 to 2.33
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 24-35 months
|
1.06 Ratio
Interval 0.62 to 1.81
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 36-59 months
|
0.80 Ratio
Interval 0.46 to 1.37
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 60+ months
|
1.46 Ratio
Interval 0.91 to 2.35
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 15 years 5 monthsPopulation: Analysis population included T2DM participants who were identified from the KPNC Diabetes Registry in the study 1. The unexposed arm was not planned to be analyzed for this outcome measure.
The 10 most common cancer cases included: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma associated with duration of pioglitazone. The duration of pioglitazone was categorized as \<12 months, 12-23 months, 24-35 months, 36-59 months, 60+ months.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Full Cohort
n=38190 Participants
Participants with diabetes who were members of the KPNC registry, who received (ever use) at least 2 prescriptions for pioglitazone within a 6-month period or who did not receive pioglitazone were followed up to 15.5 years (1997-2012) in this observational study.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 36-59 months
|
23 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: <12 months
|
118 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 12-23 months
|
121 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 24-35 months
|
72 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 36-59 months
|
99 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 60+ months
|
66 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: <12 months
|
88 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: 12-23 months
|
75 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: 24-35 months
|
47 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: 36-59 months
|
61 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Breast: 60+ months
|
49 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: <12 months
|
83 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 12-23 months
|
60 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 24-35 months
|
41 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 36-59 months
|
56 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 60+ months
|
42 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: <12 months
|
72 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: 12-23 months
|
48 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: 24-35 months
|
40 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: 36-59 months
|
33 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Colon: 60+ months
|
40 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: <12 months
|
35 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 12-23 months
|
32 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 24-35 months
|
20 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 36-59 months
|
17 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 60+ months
|
16 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: <12 months
|
43 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 12-23 months
|
24 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 24-35 months
|
19 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 36-59 months
|
19 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 60+ months
|
13 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: <12 months
|
54 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 12-23 months
|
28 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 24-35 months
|
18 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 36-59 months
|
36 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 60+ months
|
25 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: <12 months
|
32 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 12-23 months
|
20 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 24-35 months
|
17 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 60+ months
|
18 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: <12 months
|
21 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 12-23 months
|
13 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 24-35 months
|
9 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 36-59 months
|
8 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 60+ months
|
8 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: <12 months
|
25 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 12-23 months
|
29 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 24-35 months
|
14 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 36-59 months
|
14 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases by Duration of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 60+ months
|
20 Cases
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 15 years 5 monthsPopulation: Analysis population included T2DM participants who were identified from the KPNC Diabetes Registry in the study 1.
The hazard ratio of the 10 most common cancers: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma associated with dose of pioglitazone. The various doses include 1-9000 mg, 9001-25000 mg, 25001-50000 milligram (mg) and greater than or equal to (\>=) 50001 mg. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to provide point and interval estimates of the dose. In all regression analyses, these measures of exposure to pioglitazone were treated as time-dependent covariates and time since entry into the cohort was the time scale.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Full Cohort
n=236507 Participants
Participants with diabetes who were members of the KPNC registry, who received (ever use) at least 2 prescriptions for pioglitazone within a 6-month period or who did not receive pioglitazone were followed up to 15.5 years (1997-2012) in this observational study.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 1-9000 mg
|
1.08 Ratio
Interval 0.91 to 1.27
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 9001-25000 mg
|
1.24 Ratio
Interval 1.06 to 1.46
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 25001-50000 mg
|
1.12 Ratio
Interval 0.92 to 1.37
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Prostate: >=50001 mg
|
1.00 Ratio
Interval 0.78 to 1.28
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Breast: 1-9000 mg
|
0.89 Ratio
Interval 0.73 to 1.08
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Breast: 9001-25000 mg
|
0.95 Ratio
Interval 0.77 to 1.17
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Breast: 25001-50000 mg
|
1.15 Ratio
Interval 0.91 to 1.46
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Breast: >=50001 mg
|
1.19 Ratio
Interval 0.89 to 1.57
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 1-9000 mg
|
0.98 Ratio
Interval 0.8 to 1.21
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 9001-25000 mg
|
0.91 Ratio
Interval 0.73 to 1.15
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 25001-50000 mg
|
0.97 Ratio
Interval 0.75 to 1.26
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: >=50001 mg
|
1.12 Ratio
Interval 0.84 to 1.5
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Colon: 1-9000 mg
|
0.87 Ratio
Interval 0.69 to 1.1
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Colon: 9001-25000 mg
|
0.86 Ratio
Interval 0.68 to 1.1
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Colon: 25001-50000 mg
|
0.97 Ratio
Interval 0.74 to 1.27
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Colon: >=50001 mg
|
0.79 Ratio
Interval 0.56 to 1.12
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 1-9000 mg
|
0.92 Ratio
Interval 0.66 to 1.29
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 9001-25000 mg
|
1.16 Ratio
Interval 0.85 to 1.59
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 25001-50000 mg
|
1.02 Ratio
Interval 0.69 to 1.51
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: >=50001 mg
|
0.66 Ratio
Interval 0.38 to 1.13
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 1-9000 mg
|
1.02 Ratio
Interval 0.76 to 1.37
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 9001-25000 mg
|
0.90 Ratio
Interval 0.64 to 1.25
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 25001-50000 mg
|
0.67 Ratio
Interval 0.42 to 1.06
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: >=50001 mg
|
0.87 Ratio
Interval 0.54 to 1.42
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 1-9000 mg
|
1.50 Ratio
Interval 1.14 to 1.98
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 9001-25000 mg
|
1.10 Ratio
Interval 0.79 to 1.53
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 25001-50000 mg
|
1.46 Ratio
Interval 1.04 to 2.06
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: >=50001 mg
|
1.61 Ratio
Interval 1.1 to 2.35
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 1-9000 mg
|
0.83 Ratio
Interval 0.57 to 1.19
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 9001-25000 mg
|
1.03 Ratio
Interval 0.73 to 1.44
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 25001-50000 mg
|
0.86 Ratio
Interval 0.56 to 1.32
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: >=50001 mg
|
1.05 Ratio
Interval 0.67 to 1.64
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 1-9000 mg
|
0.84 Ratio
Interval 0.54 to 1.3
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 9001-25000 mg
|
0.76 Ratio
Interval 0.47 to 1.23
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 25001-50000 mg
|
0.75 Ratio
Interval 0.42 to 1.34
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Rectum: >=50001 mg
|
0.82 Ratio
Interval 0.41 to 1.61
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 1-9000 mg
|
1.20 Ratio
Interval 0.84 to 1.72
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 9001-25000 mg
|
1.26 Ratio
Interval 0.88 to 1.81
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 25001-50000 mg
|
1.03 Ratio
Interval 0.66 to 1.62
|
—
|
|
Hazard Ratio of the 10 Most Common Cancers Associated With Cumulative Dose of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: >=50001 mg
|
1.14 Ratio
Interval 0.7 to 1.85
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 15 years 5 monthsPopulation: Analysis population included T2DM participants who were identified from the KPNC Diabetes Registry in the study 1.The unexposed arm was not planned to be analyzed for this outcome measure.
The 10 most common cancer cases included: prostate, female breast, lung/bronchus, endometrial, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, kidney/renal pelvis, rectal, and melanoma associated with dose of pioglitazone. The various doses include 1-9000 mg, 9001-25000 mg, 25001-50000 mg and \>=50001 mg.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Full Cohort
n=38190 Participants
Participants with diabetes who were members of the KPNC registry, who received (ever use) at least 2 prescriptions for pioglitazone within a 6-month period or who did not receive pioglitazone were followed up to 15.5 years (1997-2012) in this observational study.
|
Never User of Pioglitazone
Never user of pioglitazone, which included participants receiving no diabetes medications, with fewer than 2 pioglitazone prescription fills in a 6-month period, and with use of diabetes medications other than pioglitazone.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: >=50001 mg
|
22 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 1-9000 mg
|
129 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 9001-25000 mg
|
167 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Prostate: 25001-50000 mg
|
109 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Prostate: >=50001 mg
|
71 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Breast: 1-9000 mg
|
92 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Breast: 9001-25000 mg
|
98 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Breast: 25001-50000 mg
|
77 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Breast: >=50001 mg
|
53 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 1-9000 mg
|
90 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 9001-25000 mg
|
81 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: 25001-50000 mg
|
61 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Lung/Bronchus: >=50001 mg
|
50 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Colon: 1-9000 mg
|
72 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Colon: 9001-25000 mg
|
70 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Colon: 25001-50000 mg
|
56 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Colon: >=50001 mg
|
35 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 1-9000 mg
|
34 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 9001-25000 mg
|
44 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 25001-50000 mg
|
28 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: >=50001 mg
|
14 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 1-9000 mg
|
43 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 9001-25000 mg
|
38 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: 25001-50000 mg
|
19 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Corpus Uteri: >=50001 mg
|
18 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 1-9000 mg
|
52 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 9001-25000 mg
|
39 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: 25001-50000 mg
|
38 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Pancreatic: >=50001 mg
|
32 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 1-9000 mg
|
28 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 9001-25000 mg
|
37 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Kidney/Renal Pelvis: 25001-50000 mg
|
23 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 1-9000 mg
|
20 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 9001-25000 mg
|
18 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Rectum: 25001-50000 mg
|
12 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Rectum: >=50001 mg
|
9 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 1-9000 mg
|
28 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 9001-25000 mg
|
34 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: 25001-50000 mg
|
21 Cases
|
—
|
|
Number of 10 Most Common Cancer Cases By Dose of Pioglitazone
Melanoma: >=50001 mg
|
19 Cases
|
—
|
Adverse Events
Ever User of Pioglitazone
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Never User of Pioglitazone
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee No publication related to study results will be published prior to publication of a multi-center report submitted for publication within 18 months after conclusion or termination of a study at all study sites. Results publications will be submitted to sponsor for review 60 days in advance of publication. Sponsor can require removal of confidential information unrelated to study results. Sponsor can embargo a proposed publication for another 60 days to preserve intellectual property.
- Publication restrictions are in place
Restriction type: OTHER