Trial Outcomes & Findings for Evaluation of Intensive Language Therapy (NCT NCT02935842)
NCT ID: NCT02935842
Last Updated: 2020-06-02
Results Overview
Gait Velocity: meters per second
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
38 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
At Baseline (BL), T1 after 4 weeks (4W-directly after intervention), T2 after 6 months (6M).
Results posted on
2020-06-02
Participant Flow
From May 2015 to February 2018, N=32 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) were recruited from the University Hospital Basel (Switzerland) and N=22 healthy controls (HC) were recruited from senior health centers or sports groups independent of the hospital.
Eligibility assessments were conducted by neurologists, neuropsychologists and speech-language therapists. Eligibility criteria led to 12 exclusions in the PD group and to 4 exclusions in the HC group. Therefore, final N count for the study were: N=20 PD patients and N=18 HC.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
rSLT, Then no Therapy, Then rBMT
Specific, intensive and high-frequency speech-language-therapy (rSLT). Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
Please note: this was a case-crossover study. Participants, who completed the above stated and described intervention, had then the opportunity to switch to the 'no therapy' group. After having completed the 6 months 'no therapy' period, the participant could enrol again into the 'rhythmic balance-movement training'' rBMT).
|
rBMT, Then 'no Therapy', Then rSLT
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
Please note: this was a case-crossover study. Participants, who completed the above stated and described intervention, had then the opportunity to switch to the 'no therapy' group. After having completed the 6-months period as 'no therapy', the participant could switch to the 'rhythmic speech-language therapy' group (rSLT).
|
No Therapy, Then rSLT, Then rBMT
"the 6-months-waiting list". Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
Please note: this was a case-crossover study. After completing the 6-month waiting list (no therapy), participants had then the opportunity to switch to another study arm (being 'rhythmic speech-language therapy' (rSLT) or 'rhythmic balance-movement training' (rBMT). After having completed the second intervention program, the participant could enrol again into a study arm, which he/she has not been before (i.e. either 'rhythmic speech-language therapy' (rSLT) or 'rhythmic balance-movement training'' rBMT).
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 1
STARTED
|
8
|
6
|
6
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 1
COMPLETED
|
8
|
6
|
6
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 1
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 2
STARTED
|
8
|
6
|
6
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 2
COMPLETED
|
6
|
6
|
6
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 2
NOT COMPLETED
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 3
STARTED
|
6
|
6
|
6
|
18
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 3
COMPLETED
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
17
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 3
NOT COMPLETED
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
1
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
rSLT, Then no Therapy, Then rBMT
Specific, intensive and high-frequency speech-language-therapy (rSLT). Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
Please note: this was a case-crossover study. Participants, who completed the above stated and described intervention, had then the opportunity to switch to the 'no therapy' group. After having completed the 6 months 'no therapy' period, the participant could enrol again into the 'rhythmic balance-movement training'' rBMT).
|
rBMT, Then 'no Therapy', Then rSLT
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
Please note: this was a case-crossover study. Participants, who completed the above stated and described intervention, had then the opportunity to switch to the 'no therapy' group. After having completed the 6-months period as 'no therapy', the participant could switch to the 'rhythmic speech-language therapy' group (rSLT).
|
No Therapy, Then rSLT, Then rBMT
"the 6-months-waiting list". Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
Please note: this was a case-crossover study. After completing the 6-month waiting list (no therapy), participants had then the opportunity to switch to another study arm (being 'rhythmic speech-language therapy' (rSLT) or 'rhythmic balance-movement training' (rBMT). After having completed the second intervention program, the participant could enrol again into a study arm, which he/she has not been before (i.e. either 'rhythmic speech-language therapy' (rSLT) or 'rhythmic balance-movement training'' rBMT).
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 2
Withdrawal by Subject
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 3
Required other therapy (dysphagia)
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 3
Accident prior to treatment
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 3
Lost to Follow-up
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
Testing and Therapy Period 3
Withdrawal by Subject
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
Baseline Characteristics
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
rSLT, Then no Therapy, Then rBMT
n=8 Participants
Specific, intensive and high-frequency SL-therapy. Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
Then participants could be allocated to the no-therapy group, and after 6-month completion again into the rBMT intervention.
|
rBMT, Then rSLT, Then no Therapy
n=6 Participants
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
Then participants could be enrolled in the rSLT group, and after 6-month completion again into the 'no-therapy' group.
|
No Therapy, Then rSLT or rBMT, Then rBMT or rSLT
n=6 Participants
"the 6-months-waiting list". PD patients who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
After 6-month completion, participants could enrol in the rSLT or the rBMT intervention program, and then upon 6-month completion again in the opposite intervention program, being rBMT or rSLT, respectively.
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
n=17 Participants
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
Total
n=37 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
69.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.1 • n=8 Participants
|
69.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.7 • n=6 Participants
|
65.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.7 • n=6 Participants
|
67.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.2 • n=17 Participants
|
68.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.3 • n=37 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
3 Participants
n=8 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=6 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=6 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=17 Participants
|
18 Participants
n=37 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
5 Participants
n=8 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=6 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=6 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=17 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=37 Participants
|
|
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
|
|
Region of Enrollment
Switzerland
|
8 participants
n=8 Participants
|
6 participants
n=6 Participants
|
6 participants
n=6 Participants
|
17 participants
n=17 Participants
|
37 participants
n=37 Participants
|
|
Speech Velocity
|
5.3 spoken syllables per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .6 • n=8 Participants
|
5.3 spoken syllables per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .6 • n=6 Participants
|
4.9 spoken syllables per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .4 • n=6 Participants
|
2.3 spoken syllables per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.6 • n=17 Participants
|
4.4 spoken syllables per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.4 • n=37 Participants
|
|
Speech Cadence
|
8.4 Spoken syllables per inspiration
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.5 • n=8 Participants
|
9 Spoken syllables per inspiration
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.9 • n=6 Participants
|
8.2 Spoken syllables per inspiration
STANDARD_DEVIATION .6 • n=6 Participants
|
21.6 Spoken syllables per inspiration
STANDARD_DEVIATION .6 • n=17 Participants
|
12.2 Spoken syllables per inspiration
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.4 • n=37 Participants
|
|
Gait velocity
|
1.3 meters per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .4 • n=8 Participants
|
1.2 meters per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .4 • n=6 Participants
|
1.2 meters per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .3 • n=6 Participants
|
.8 meters per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .08 • n=17 Participants
|
1.2 meters per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .4 • n=37 Participants
|
|
Gait Cadence
|
2.7 steps per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .8 • n=8 Participants
|
2.7 steps per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .8 • n=6 Participants
|
2.7 steps per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .7 • n=6 Participants
|
1.7 steps per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .2 • n=17 Participants
|
2.5 steps per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION .8 • n=37 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: At Baseline (BL), T1 after 4 weeks (4W-directly after intervention), T2 after 6 months (6M).Gait Velocity: meters per second
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Specific SL-therapy for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=16 Participants
Specific, intensive and high-frequency SL-therapy. Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
rBMT for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=10 Participants
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
PD-DBS/ Non-DBS; no Therapy
n=18 Participants
"the 6-months-waiting list". PD patients who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
n=17 Participants
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Velocity in Gait
Gait Velocity-4W (4Weeks)
|
1.2 meter per second
Standard Deviation .2
|
1.2 meter per second
Standard Deviation .3
|
1.2 meter per second
Standard Deviation .3
|
.8 meter per second
Standard Deviation .08
|
|
Velocity in Gait
Gait Velocity-6M (6 Months)
|
1.3 meter per second
Standard Deviation .8
|
1.2 meter per second
Standard Deviation .4
|
1.2 meter per second
Standard Deviation .3
|
.8 meter per second
Standard Deviation .08
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: At Baseline (BL), T1 after 4 weeks (4W-directly after intervention), T2 after 6 months (6M).4-Weeks and 6-Months Follow-up. To measure rhythmicity in gait, participants walked 6 metres at their individual pace. They were timed and amount of steps were counted.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Specific SL-therapy for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=16 Participants
Specific, intensive and high-frequency SL-therapy. Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
rBMT for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=10 Participants
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
PD-DBS/ Non-DBS; no Therapy
n=18 Participants
"the 6-months-waiting list". PD patients who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
n=17 Participants
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cadence in Gait
Gait Cadence-6M
|
2.8 steps per second
Standard Deviation .8
|
2.7 steps per second
Standard Deviation .8
|
2.7 steps per second
Standard Deviation .7
|
1.7 steps per second
Standard Deviation .2
|
|
Cadence in Gait
Gait Cadence-4W
|
2.5 steps per second
Standard Deviation .3
|
2.5 steps per second
Standard Deviation .6
|
2.7 steps per second
Standard Deviation .7
|
1.7 steps per second
Standard Deviation .2
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: At Baseline (BL), T1 after 4 weeks (4W-directly after intervention), T2 after 6 months (6M).Speech Velocity at 4 weeks and at 6 months To measure rhythmicity in speech, participants read a text aloud ('the north wind and the sun') and were recorded using an Olympus. According to these speech samples, the count of elicited syllables per second was calculated.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Specific SL-therapy for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=16 Participants
Specific, intensive and high-frequency SL-therapy. Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
rBMT for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=10 Participants
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
PD-DBS/ Non-DBS; no Therapy
n=18 Participants
"the 6-months-waiting list". PD patients who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
n=17 Participants
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Speech Velocity
Speech velocity 6M
|
3.8 spoken syllables per second
Standard Deviation .8
|
4.8 spoken syllables per second
Standard Deviation .9
|
4.9 spoken syllables per second
Standard Deviation .6
|
2.3 spoken syllables per second
Standard Deviation .6
|
|
Speech Velocity
Speech velocity 4W
|
3.6 spoken syllables per second
Standard Deviation .7
|
4.2 spoken syllables per second
Standard Deviation .9
|
4.9 spoken syllables per second
Standard Deviation .7
|
2.3 spoken syllables per second
Standard Deviation .6
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: At Baseline (BL), T1 after 4 weeks (4W-directly after intervention), T2 after 6 months (6M).Speech Cadence 4 Weeks and at 6 Months To measure rhythmicity in speech, participants' speech was recorded while reading a text aloud ('the north wind and the sun'). Elicited syllables per inspiration were analysed.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Specific SL-therapy for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=16 Participants
Specific, intensive and high-frequency SL-therapy. Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
rBMT for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=10 Participants
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
PD-DBS/ Non-DBS; no Therapy
n=18 Participants
"the 6-months-waiting list". PD patients who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
n=17 Participants
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Speech Cadence
Speech Cadence 6M
|
13.3 spoken syllables per inspiration
Standard Deviation 4.6
|
13.6 spoken syllables per inspiration
Standard Deviation 4.7
|
10.5 spoken syllables per inspiration
Standard Deviation 3.5
|
21.6 spoken syllables per inspiration
Standard Deviation 6
|
|
Speech Cadence
Speech Cadence 4W
|
15.6 spoken syllables per inspiration
Standard Deviation 3.6
|
13.1 spoken syllables per inspiration
Standard Deviation 4.7
|
10.9 spoken syllables per inspiration
Standard Deviation 3.9
|
21.6 spoken syllables per inspiration
Standard Deviation 6
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: At Baseline and 6 MonthsThe complete questionnaire 'Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale' (UPDRS) was filled out at BL and 6M. Scores may range from 0-4 per question. Final scores may add up to 199 points maximum. The higher the score, the worse disease severity/ degree of disability is.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Specific SL-therapy for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=16 Participants
Specific, intensive and high-frequency SL-therapy. Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
rBMT for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=10 Participants
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
PD-DBS/ Non-DBS; no Therapy
n=18 Participants
"the 6-months-waiting list". PD patients who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
n=17 Participants
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Health Status (UPDRS)
UPDRS-BL
|
38.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.1
|
37.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.6
|
42.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.2
|
0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0
|
|
Health Status (UPDRS)
UPDRS-6M
|
35.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.7
|
41.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.1
|
37 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.1
|
0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: At 4 Weeks and 6 MonthsSelf-rating questionnaires investigating depression using the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). This is a 21 question, multiple choice, self-report questionnaire. Minimum score is 0 and maximum scores is 63. The higher the score the more severe is the depression. Details: 0-9: indicates minimal depression 10-18: indicates mild depression 19-29: indicates moderate depression 30-63: indicates severe depression.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Specific SL-therapy for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=16 Participants
Specific, intensive and high-frequency SL-therapy. Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
rBMT for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=10 Participants
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
PD-DBS/ Non-DBS; no Therapy
n=18 Participants
"the 6-months-waiting list". PD patients who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
n=17 Participants
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Neuropsychiatric Self-rating Questionnaires
BDI-4W
|
8 score
Standard Deviation 1.8
|
7.6 score
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
7.1 score
Standard Deviation 1.9
|
5.5 score
Standard Deviation 2.2
|
|
Neuropsychiatric Self-rating Questionnaires
BDI-6M
|
7.4 score
Standard Deviation 1.7
|
8.8 score
Standard Deviation 1.6
|
8.3 score
Standard Deviation 1.8
|
5.4 score
Standard Deviation 2.2
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: At 4 Weeks and at 6 MonthsInhibition Control (Stroop), Visio-Construction (Mosaic), Flexibility (Trail Making Test), Episodic Memory (Basel Verbal Learning Test -long delayed free recall), Working Memory (backwards digit span task by Wechsler). Scores were standardized (z-scores) to a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1. The Z-score indicates the number of standard deviations away from the mean. A Z-score of 0 is equal to the mean of a reference population. Negative numbers indicate values lower than the reference population and positive numbers indicate values higher than the reference population
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Specific SL-therapy for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=16 Participants
Specific, intensive and high-frequency SL-therapy. Approx. 45 Min. per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Specific SL-therapy: Provided by a professional speech-language therapist (SLT) on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
rBMT for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
n=10 Participants
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT); approx. 30-45 Minutes per session, 3 times per week for 4 weeks
Rhythmic Balance-Movement Training (rBMT): Provided on a one-to-one basis. In approx. 30-45 Minutes sessions, 3 times per week for 4 weeks in total.
|
PD-DBS/ Non-DBS; no Therapy
n=18 Participants
"the 6-months-waiting list". PD patients who had to wait for/ or chose to receive treatments at a later time.
|
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
n=17 Participants
Healthy Controls received no therapy.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Episodic Memory-4W
|
-.9 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.7
|
-.3 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.2
|
-.7 z-scores
Standard Deviation .3
|
-.4 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.7
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Episodic Memory-6M
|
-.7 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.5
|
-.6 z-scores
Standard Deviation .8
|
-.3 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
-.2 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Working Memory-4W
|
.6 z-scores
Standard Deviation .8
|
.2 z-scores
Standard Deviation .9
|
-.2 z-scores
Standard Deviation .8
|
.1 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.7
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Working Memory-6M
|
-.3 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
.13 z-scores
Standard Deviation .9
|
-.2 z-scores
Standard Deviation .8
|
-.5 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.4
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Visuo-Construction-4W
|
.4 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.03
|
.14 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
.4 z-scores
Standard Deviation .9
|
.4 z-scores
Standard Deviation .8
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Visa-Construction-6M
|
.03 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1
|
.07 z-scores
Standard Deviation .9
|
.2 z-scores
Standard Deviation .6
|
.8 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.05
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Inhibition (Stroop)-4W
|
.6 z-scores
Standard Deviation .8
|
.8 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.4
|
.7 z-scores
Standard Deviation .9
|
.2 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.3
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Inhibition (Stroop)-6M
|
-.04 z-scores
Standard Deviation .9
|
.3 z-scores
Standard Deviation .6
|
.7 z-scores
Standard Deviation .7
|
.4 z-scores
Standard Deviation .7
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Flexibility (TMT)-4W
|
-.4 z-scores
Standard Deviation .8
|
-.6 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.3
|
-.8 z-scores
Standard Deviation .3
|
.2 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.05
|
|
Neuropsychological Standardised Test Battery
Flexibility (TMT)-6M
|
-.6 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.02
|
-1.2 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
-.3 z-scores
Standard Deviation .8
|
.8 z-scores
Standard Deviation 1.3
|
Adverse Events
Specific SL-therapy for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
rBMT for PD-DBS and Non-DBS
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 1 deaths
PD-DBS/ Non-DBS; no Therapy
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Healthy Controls; no Therapy
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place