Trial Outcomes & Findings for Evaluation of the Gastrointestinal Manifestation of Fabry's Disease (NCT NCT02798458)

NCT ID: NCT02798458

Last Updated: 2023-03-27

Results Overview

The primary outcome of dysmotility will be the measurement of gastric emptying transit time via a SmartPill study. Delayed GET are defined as longer than 5 hours.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

48 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Up to 5 hours

Results posted on

2023-03-27

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
SmartPill Test Only
All subjects will be asked to complete a SmartPill test. The SmartPill capsule is pill-shaped and about an inch long and ½ inch wide, or about the size of a vitamin pill. The receiver unit is about the size of a paperback book. The receiver gets signals from the capsule and stores the signals on a computer chip. The capsule detects the level of acidity, temperature, and pressures in your stomach and intestines and sends the information by radio wave signals to the receiver. Smartpill: The SmartPill Test is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to measure transit time in the GI tract. This procedure uses the SmartPill capsule, a receiver, and computer software.
SmartPill and Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
An additional small group of subjects will also be asked to complete a Sigmoidoscopy (an exam used to evaluate the lower part of the large intestine) during which an Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (removal of a small amount of tissue from the outermost layer of gut wall) will be completed. In the Endoscopy Mucosal Resection (EMR) procedure we will use an instrument called an endoscope (a lighted, flexible tube) to take a tissue sample from the rectum. This is the same type of instrument used in a routine colonoscopy Smartpill: The SmartPill Test is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to measure transit time in the GI tract. This procedure uses the SmartPill capsule, a receiver, and computer software. Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: a Sigmoidoscopy is an exam used to evaluate the lower part of the large intestine) during which an Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (removal of a small amount of tissue from the outermost layer of gut wall) will be completed.
Smart Pill Test (1 Day)
STARTED
35
13
Smart Pill Test (1 Day)
COMPLETED
35
13
Smart Pill Test (1 Day)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (1 Day)
STARTED
0
13
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (1 Day)
COMPLETED
0
13
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (1 Day)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Evaluation of the Gastrointestinal Manifestation of Fabry's Disease

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Total
n=48 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
46 years
n=5 Participants
46.5 years
n=7 Participants
46.5 years
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
20 Participants
n=7 Participants
20 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
26 Participants
n=5 Participants
17 Participants
n=7 Participants
43 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
27 Participants
n=5 Participants
16 Participants
n=7 Participants
43 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
20 Participants
n=7 Participants
48 Participants
n=5 Participants
Enzyme replacement therapy > 6 months
15 Participants
n=5 Participants
13 Participants
n=7 Participants
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
Any neurologic involvement
27 Participants
n=5 Participants
19 Participants
n=7 Participants
46 Participants
n=5 Participants
Peripheral nervous system involvement
27 Participants
n=5 Participants
19 Participants
n=7 Participants
46 Participants
n=5 Participants
Central nervous system (serious) involvement - make clear this excludes CN
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Cardiac system involvement
20 Participants
n=5 Participants
17 Participants
n=7 Participants
37 Participants
n=5 Participants
Renal systemic involvement
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
13 Participants
n=7 Participants
21 Participants
n=5 Participants
Dermatology systemic involvement
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
13 Participants
n=7 Participants
21 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ophthalmic systemic involvement
22 Participants
n=5 Participants
9 Participants
n=7 Participants
31 Participants
n=5 Participants
Psychiatric systemic involvement
20 Participants
n=5 Participants
6 Participants
n=7 Participants
26 Participants
n=5 Participants
Asthma systemic involvement
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
Presenting age of any neurologic systemic involvement
7 years
n=5 Participants
10 years
n=7 Participants
9 years
n=5 Participants
Presenting age of cardiac systemic involvement
34 years
n=5 Participants
32 years
n=7 Participants
32.5 years
n=5 Participants
Presenting age of renal systemic involvement
20.5 years
n=5 Participants
32 years
n=7 Participants
28 years
n=5 Participants
Presenting age of ophthalmic systemic involvement
15.5 years
n=5 Participants
31 years
n=7 Participants
24.5 years
n=5 Participants
Presenting age of psychiatric systemic involvement
33.5 years
n=5 Participants
36.5 years
n=7 Participants
34.5 years
n=5 Participants
Presenting age of respiratory (asthma) systemic involvement
20 years
n=5 Participants
9 years
n=7 Participants
19 years
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 5 hours

Population: Demographics

The primary outcome of dysmotility will be the measurement of gastric emptying transit time via a SmartPill study. Delayed GET are defined as longer than 5 hours.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Gastric Emptying Transit Time Measured Via SmartPill Study
2.9 Hours
Interval 2.5 to 3.8
2.8 Hours
Interval 2.2 to 3.6

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 6 hours

Population: Demographics

The primary outcome of dysmotility will be the measurement of small bowel transit time via a SmartPill study. Delayed SBTT are defined as longer than 6 hours.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=27 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Small Bowel Transit Time Measured Via SmartPill Study
4.3 Hours
Interval 3.8 to 5.0
4.5 Hours
Interval 3.1 to 5.6

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 67 hours

Population: Demographics

The primary outcome of dysmotility will be the measurement of colonic transit time via a SmartPill study. Delayed CTT is defined as longer than 59 hours.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=27 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Colonic Transit Time Measured Via SmartPill Study
38.1 Hours
Interval 20.3 to 66.8
21.3 Hours
Interval 14.2 to 43.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 4 weeks

Participants will complete several questionnaires during study participation regarding gastrointestinal symptoms (lower and upper GI). These results will be used to determine overall gastrointestinal involvement and will be correlated with transit time and histologic findings

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Dysregulated bowel habits
25 Participants
17 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Reporting chronic diarrhea
14 Participants
16 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Reporting chronic constipation
20 Participants
11 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Reporting only diarrhea
5 Participants
6 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Reporting only constipation
11 Participants
1 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Chronic abdominal pain
25 Participants
14 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Symptoms compatible with IBS
23 Participants
14 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Bloating
23 Participants
10 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Functional dyspepsia
26 Participants
13 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Dysphagia
2 Participants
0 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
nausea and vomiting
15 Participants
7 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms
15 Participants
2 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Moderate severe depression
4 Participants
0 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Moderate severe anxiety
18 Participants
13 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Unemployed by Work Productivity and Activity Impairment
5 Participants
9 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Work loss- 40% and more by Work Productivity and Activity Impairment
2 Participants
2 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Reduced productivity 40% and more by Work Productivity and Activity Impairment
9 Participants
3 Participants
Gastrointestinal Symptom Assessment and Quality of Life, Work, and Productivity Via Questionnaires
Work/productivity impairment by Work Productivity and Activity Impairment
14 Participants
13 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 4 weeks

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Age of Symptom Start
Age of first gastrointestinal symptoms
15 years
Interval 0.5 to 26.5
10 years
Interval 6.8 to 18.0
Age of Symptom Start
Age of abdominal pain symptom start
25 years
Interval 10.0 to 39.5
10 years
Interval 9.5 to 16.0
Age of Symptom Start
Age of Diarrhea symptom start
16 years
Interval 7.0 to 40.0
10 years
Interval 0.0 to 12.0
Age of Symptom Start
Age of constipation symptom start
15 years
Interval 8.0 to 27.5
15 years
Interval 3.0 to 42.8
Age of Symptom Start
Age of nausea symptom start
28 years
Interval 15.0 to 49.0
20 years
Interval 19.0 to 25.0
Age of Symptom Start
Age of vomiting symptom start
13 years
Interval 13.0 to 13.0
20 years
Interval 20.0 to 20.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 5 hours

Population: Demographics

The secondary outcome of dysmotility will be the measurement of delayed gastric emptying measured via a SmartPill study. Delayed GET are defined as longer than 5 hours.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=27 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Delayed Gastric Emptying Measured Via SmartPill Study
3 Participants
2 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 6 hours

The secondary outcome of dysmotility will be the measurement of delayed bowel transit time via a SmartPill study. Delayed SBTT are defined as longer than 6 hours.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=27 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Delayed Small Bowel Transit Measured Via SmartPill Study
1 Participants
2 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 67 hours

Population: Demographics

The secondary outcome of dysmotility will be the measurement of delayed colonic transit time via a SmartPill study. Delayed CTT is defined as longer than 59 hours.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=27 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Delayed Colonic Transit Measured Via SmartPill Study
8 Participants
2 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At 67 hours, data reported over the last 4 weeks

Patient reported severity of certain symptoms over the last 4 weeks on a scale of 0 to 10 (bloating, abdominal discomfort, incomplete evacuation, straining and urgency). Higher score would mean worse (more symptoms) outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Symptom Severity Index
Bowel urgency
4 score on a scale
Interval 2.3 to 7.8
4 score on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 6.8
Symptom Severity Index
Bloating
6 score on a scale
Interval 2.3 to 8.0
2 score on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 4.5
Symptom Severity Index
Abdominal discomfort
6.5 score on a scale
Interval 3.0 to 7.0
4 score on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 6.0
Symptom Severity Index
Sense of incomplete evacuation
3.5 score on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 7.0
2 score on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 4.0
Symptom Severity Index
Straining while defecating
3.5 score on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 6.8
1.5 score on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 4.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At 67 hours, data reported over the last 7 days

Patients reported the number of complete BMs they had during the last week (minimum could be 0 and the maximum could be any number greater than 0). Higher/lower scores could be the better or worse outcome (e.g., 0 bowel movements all week would be a worse outcome but over 10 bowel movements would be worse as well), it just depends on the extent.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Symptom Frequency Assessment (SFA)
Daily bowel movements
1 units on a scale
Interval 1.0 to 2.0
2.5 units on a scale
Interval 1.0 to 4.0
Symptom Frequency Assessment (SFA)
Weekly bowel movements
5.5 units on a scale
Interval 3.6 to 13.5
16 units on a scale
Interval 10.0 to 25.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At 4 weeks

The scale consists of 14 items, each defined by a series of symptoms, and measures both psychic anxiety (mental agitation and psychological distress) and somatic anxiety (physical complaints related to anxiety). Each item is scored on a scale of 0 (not present) to 4 (severe), with a total score range of 0-56, where \<7 indicates no or minimal severity, 8-14 is mild anxiety, 15-23 is moderate anxiety and 24 and worse is severe anxiety 5. Moderate-severe anxiety was defined as a score of 15 and above.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)
16.5 score on a scale
Interval 12.0 to 20.0
16.5 score on a scale
Interval 4.0 to 18.8

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At 4 weeks

Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI): is a 21-item tool assessing the existence and severity of symptoms of depression, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; 1994). The items correspond to symptoms of depression and are a four-point scale for each item ranging from 0 to 3. They are summed to give a single BDI score between 0-63 (where higher results reflect more severe depression). Grades are 1-10: normal, 11-16: mild mood disturbance, 17-20: borderline clinical depression, 21-30: moderate depression, 31-40: severe depression, and \>40 extreme depression 6. Moderate-severe depression was defined as a score of 21 and above.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI)
10.5 score on a scale
Interval 6.0 to 14.8
6.5 score on a scale
Interval 2.3 to 14.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At 7 days

Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI): examines the effect of GI symptoms on loss of work time and loss of productivity. Patients indicated if they are unemployed. For employed patients, scores are presented as percentage of time lost during the last week (hours lost due to GI symptoms out of the hours that patient should have worked, excluding the time lost on participating in the study). Higher percentages indicate greater impairment. Work missed percentage, reduced productivity percentage, and work-productivity impairment percentage (combining the 2 scores) are calculated 7. We defined work/productivity impairment as either being unemployed or having lost 40% or more of work time or productivity. For employed patients, scores are presented as percentage of time lost during the last week (hours lost due to GI symptoms out of the hours that patient should have worked, excluding the time lost on participating in the study).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI)
work missed (%)
0 percentage of time lost during the last
Interval 0.0 to 0.0
0 percentage of time lost during the last
Interval 0.0 to 10.8
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI)
reduced productivity while working (%)
20 percentage of time lost during the last
Interval 10.0 to 50.0
10 percentage of time lost during the last
Interval 10.0 to 50.0
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI)
work productivity impairment (%)
20 percentage of time lost during the last
Interval 10.0 to 52.1
10 percentage of time lost during the last
Interval 10.0 to 60.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At 4 weeks

Irritable bowel syndrome quality of life (IBS-QOL): Assesses bowel specific QOL. It consists of 34 items of a 5-point Likert scale. The total score is summed and then transformed to a 0-100 scale, where 0 is low QoL, and 100 is the best QoL. Different IBS-QOL items can also be categorized to eight subscale scores (Dysphoria, Interference with Activity, Body Image, Health Worry, Food Avoidance, Social Reaction, Sexual, Relationships). Note be made, that the IBS-QOL examines the effect of "bowel problems" on different aspect of QOL, and so was used to assess the effect of gut symptoms on the patients' QOL. Higher scores are better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
Dysphoria sub-score
85.7 score on a scale
Interval 70.0 to 95.7
85.7 score on a scale
Interval 59.3 to 93.6
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
Interference with Activity sub-score
57.1 score on a scale
Interval 39.3 to 71.4
46.4 score on a scale
Interval 30.4 to 60.7
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
Body Image sub-score
68.8 score on a scale
Interval 53.1 to 81.3
87.5 score on a scale
Interval 75.0 to 100.0
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
Health Worry sub-score
75 score on a scale
Interval 62.5 to 91.7
83.3 score on a scale
Interval 77.1 to 91.7
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
Food avoidance sub-score
50 score on a scale
Interval 33.3 to 87.5
75 score on a scale
Interval 43.8 to 89.6
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
Social reaction sub-score
87.5 score on a scale
Interval 71.9 to 96.9
84.4 score on a scale
Interval 68.8 to 98.4
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
Sexual sub-score
100 score on a scale
Interval 68.8 to 100.0
100 score on a scale
Interval 78.1 to 100.0
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
Relationships sub-score
100 score on a scale
Interval 79.2 to 100.0
91.7 score on a scale
Interval 77.1 to 100.0
IBS Quality of Life (IBS QoL) and Sub-scores
IBS-QOL
80.2 score on a scale
Interval 61.8 to 89.0
81.6 score on a scale
Interval 65.1 to 87.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At 7 days

Bristol Stool Scale: patients indicate their last 7 days stool consistency on 1-7 visual scale. The Bristol stool scale correlates with colonic transit time. Higher scores do not indicate better or worse outcomes. It is a visual scale.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Female
n=28 Participants
Demographics
Male
n=20 Participants
Demographics
Bristol Stool Scale
4 score on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 5.0
6 score on a scale
Interval 4.0 to 6.0

Adverse Events

SmartPill Test

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 1 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 1 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
SmartPill Test
n=48 participants at risk
All subjects will be asked to complete a SmartPill test. The SmartPill capsule is pill-shaped and about an inch long and ½ inch wide, or about the size of a vitamin pill. The receiver unit is about the size of a paperback book. The receiver gets signals from the capsule and stores the signals on a computer chip. The capsule detects the level of acidity, temperature, and pressures in your stomach and intestines and sends the information by radio wave signals to the receiver. Smartpill: The SmartPill Test is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to measure transit time in the GI tract. This procedure uses the SmartPill capsule, a receiver, and computer software.
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
n=13 participants at risk
An additional small group of subjects will also be asked to complete a Sigmoidoscopy (an exam used to evaluate the lower part of the large intestine) during which an Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (removal of a small amount of tissue from the outermost layer of gut wall) will be completed. In the Endoscopy Mucosal Resection (EMR) procedure we will use an instrument called an endoscope (a lighted, flexible tube) to take a tissue sample from the rectum. This is the same type of instrument used in a routine colonoscopy Smartpill: The SmartPill Test is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to measure transit time in the GI tract. This procedure uses the SmartPill capsule, a receiver, and computer software. Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: a Sigmoidoscopy is an exam used to evaluate the lower part of the large intestine) during which an Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (removal of a small amount of tissue from the outermost layer of gut wall) will be completed.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
2.1%
1/48 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
Gastrointestinal disorders
diarrhea
2.1%
1/48 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
Gastrointestinal disorders
syncope
2.1%
1/48 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
Gastrointestinal disorders
ER visit
2.1%
1/48 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
Gastrointestinal disorders
Fever
2.1%
1/48 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
Gastrointestinal disorders
Rectal Pain
2.1%
1/48 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1 • Up to 4 days

Additional Information

Dr. Braden Kuo and Dr. Claire-Zar-Kessler

Massachusetts General Hospital

Phone: 617-724-6038

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place