Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
15 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2015-12-31
2016-08-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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A randomized, cross-over design experiment with three treatments will be carried out. Three different beverages will be prepared:- No carbonation (NC): Potable water + sugar- Low carbonation (LC): Potable water + sugar + little CO2- High carbonation (HC): Potable water + sugar+ high CO2.
The outcome measures assessed will be glycemic response, gastric emptying and satiety. Glycemic response will be measured by taking capillary blood samples (\<5ul) by fingerpricking with one-time use sterilized lancets. Gastric emptying will be assessed by ultrasonography methodology developed by Okabe et al, 2015. Satiety will be measured using electronic visual analogue scales assessing hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective consumption and thirst. In addition, participants will be asked to rate the level of effervescence of beverage, sweetness of beverage, amount of beverage consumed, as well as how pleasant the beverage was immediately after drinking of test beverage. Feelings of bloatedness will be assessed using electronic visual analogue scales administered at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90,120 min from drinking of test beverage. At the end of the test session, ad libitum lunch will be served, and the amount of food and drinks consumed will be measured (by weight difference before and after serving).
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
SINGLE
Study Groups
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No carbonation (control)
No carbonation (NC, control): Potable water + sugar
No Carbonation
500 ml of beverage consisting of water + 10% glucose and no carbonation
Low carbonation
Low carbonation (LC): Potable water + sugar + little CO2
Low carbonation
500 ml of beverage consisting of water + 10% glucose and low carbonation
High carbonation
High carbonation (HC): Potable water + sugar+ high CO2
High carbonation
500 ml of beverage consisting of water + 10% glucose and high carbonation
Interventions
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No Carbonation
500 ml of beverage consisting of water + 10% glucose and no carbonation
Low carbonation
500 ml of beverage consisting of water + 10% glucose and low carbonation
High carbonation
500 ml of beverage consisting of water + 10% glucose and high carbonation
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Aged between 21 - 40 years old
* BMI between 18.0-30.0 kg/m2
* Blood pressure \< 140/80 mmHg
* Fasting blood glucose \< 6.0mmol/L
* Fasting blood glucose \< 6.0mmol/L
Exclusion Criteria
* Have symptoms or medical history of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer or other illnesses/diseases/conditions that could affect gastric motility and appetite
* Are on prescription medication
* Had a major medical or surgical event requiring hospitalization within the preceding 3 months.
* Are taking part in other clinical trials concurrently
* Are taking part in sports at competitive/endurance levels
* Have a score equal or greater than 3.7 for restrained eating in Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire.
* Have special dietary requirements or food allergies.
21 Years
40 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation
OTHER_GOV
Responsible Party
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JeyaKumar Henry
Principal Investigator
Locations
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Clinical Nutrition Research Centre
Singapore, , Singapore
Countries
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Other Identifiers
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2015/01079
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id