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Cholera Vaccine Investment Strategy in Bangladesh

NCT ID: NCT02727855

Last Updated: 2019-12-20

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

75170 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2016-01-01

Study Completion Date

2019-10-31

Brief Summary

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To evaluate the preventive impact, demand, acceptability, uptake, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of a two-dose regimen of the OCV Shanchol in children living in urban slums in Bangladesh, Investigators will conduct a targeted mass immunization programme, using an innovative approach successfully deployed by the Bangladesh government in its recent countrywide campaign of MR vaccination of 52 million children aged 9 months to 14 years (\<15 years). Investigators will undertake a census of a geographic population of approximately 300,000 persons, with GIS locations of each household. This census will be updated every 6 months during the follow-up period to permit tracking of births, deaths, and migrations, including changes in location of each individual's residence. Following the initial census, the OCV will be offered to all non-pregnant individuals aged 1 to 14 years. Operational research and economic studies will evaluate the coverage, feasibility, acceptability, demand, costs and cost-effectiveness of this vaccination programme.

Detailed Description

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Burden: Cholera remains a major global problem, resulting in more than 100,000 deaths and several million cases annually , mostly children. Vaccination has been reconsidered as a key component of the public health response to cholera. Bangladesh has one of the world's highest burdens of endemic cholera, with an estimated 300,000 cholera cases and over 4,500 deaths annually, and with high caseloads and frequent outbreaks in more than half of the country. The endemicity of cholera in Bangladesh is demonstrated by the predictable yearly occurrence of the disease in the country's high-risk districts and the repetitive seasonal pattern of cholera outbreaks, either in spring or autumn, or both .

Knowledge gap: More evidence is needed to address uncertainties around the cholera disease burden, as well as the impact, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of various vaccination strategies against cholera, to add to the existing knowledge base. A special need for acquiring field evidence of these vaccine attributes in settings with endemic cholera, which account for a very large fraction of the global cholera disease burden, is also recognized .

Relevance: Nonetheless, the assertion that selective vaccination of children with OCV is an impactful approach to controlling cholera at the population level rests on unproven assumptions, since there are no studies that directly address this vaccination strategy. Therefore, further study on whether targeted mass immunization can create efficiencies that general mass immunization would not, is warranted. The Investigators therefore believe that the most compelling question for the control of endemic cholera in Bangladesh is how targeting 1-14 year olds in urban slums, using the established platform of targeted mass childhood immunization recently deployed by the GOB for measles-rubella (MR) vaccine, impacts on the overall burden of cholera in the population and how feasible and cost-effective this strategy is. Addressing these questions will add to the evidence base on the most cost efficient and effective settings and strategies for use of OCV to control endemic disease and optimize health impact.

Hypothesis : Vaccination of children under 15 years of age in urban slums of Dhaka will confer at least 50% overall protection to the entire population through combined direct and indirect protective effects and it will be cost effective.

Objectives:To evaluate the feasibility, efficiency, and impact of a two-dose regimen of the oral cholera vaccine (OCV) Shanchol delivered to children aged 1-14 years residing in urban slums, leveraging a targeted mass immunization delivery platform used for other vaccines in Bangladesh.

Methods: Observational design based on the contrast of persons who do and do not get vaccinated according to public health practice(Age-targeted mass immunization program).

Conditions

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Cholera

Keywords

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Cholera Vaccine Strategy

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Interventions

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Shanchol

Oral Cholera Vaccine

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* All healthy, consenting, non-pregnant (as ascertained by history) residents of a high risk group, 1 to 14 years of age, of the study area will be included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

* Aged less than 1 year and more than 14 years
* History of intake of any cholera vaccine
* Pregnant women (identified through verbal screening)
Minimum Eligible Age

1 Year

Maximum Eligible Age

14 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Government of Bangladesh

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role collaborator

International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Dr. Firdausi Qadri, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh

Locations

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International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh

Dhaka, , Bangladesh

Site Status

Countries

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Bangladesh

References

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Ali M, Lopez AL, You YA, Kim YE, Sah B, Maskery B, Clemens J. The global burden of cholera. Bull World Health Organ. 2012 Mar 1;90(3):209-218A. doi: 10.2471/BLT.11.093427. Epub 2012 Jan 24.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22461716 (View on PubMed)

Sur D, Lopez AL, Kanungo S, Paisley A, Manna B, Ali M, Niyogi SK, Park JK, Sarkar B, Puri MK, Kim DR, Deen JL, Holmgren J, Carbis R, Rao R, Nguyen TV, Donner A, Ganguly NK, Nair GB, Bhattacharya SK, Clemens JD. Efficacy and safety of a modified killed-whole-cell oral cholera vaccine in India: an interim analysis of a cluster-randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2009 Nov 14;374(9702):1694-702. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61297-6. Epub 2009 Oct 8.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 19819004 (View on PubMed)

Glass RI, Becker S, Huq MI, Stoll BJ, Khan MU, Merson MH, Lee JV, Black RE. Endemic cholera in rural Bangladesh, 1966-1980. Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Dec;116(6):959-70. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113498.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 7148820 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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PR-15091

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id