Trial Outcomes & Findings for Lifestyle Enriching Activities for Research in Neuroscience Intervention Trial: LEARNit Study (NCT NCT02726906)

NCT ID: NCT02726906

Last Updated: 2024-10-02

Results Overview

Functional MRI has proven to be an effective non-invasive, in-vivo tool for measuring brain function via the BOLD signal. Growing evidence supports that fMRI BOLD can detect neuronal changes that occur very early in the disease process. The hippocampus has been shown to be a selectively vulnerable region in AD, and several studies, including our own, identified a aberrant brain signal in the hippocampus in older adults. The typical range for this outcome is -10 to 10 with higher scores indicating better brain function.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

66 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline and Follow-up at 6 months

Results posted on

2024-10-02

Participant Flow

Participants complete a 30-day run-in and baseline visit prior to randomization.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Overall Study
STARTED
33
33
Overall Study
COMPLETED
30
30
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
3
3

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Lifestyle Enriching Activities for Research in Neuroscience Intervention Trial: LEARNit Study

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=33 Participants
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=33 Participants
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Total
n=66 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
67.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.1 • n=5 Participants
67.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.4 • n=7 Participants
67.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.7 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
20 Participants
n=5 Participants
20 Participants
n=7 Participants
40 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
13 Participants
n=7 Participants
26 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
26 Participants
n=5 Participants
31 Participants
n=7 Participants
57 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
26 Participants
n=7 Participants
50 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
33 participants
n=5 Participants
33 participants
n=7 Participants
66 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and Follow-up at 6 months

Population: Definition of ITT analysis sample: all eligible participants who (1) began the intervention and (2) completed baseline assessment and 6-month assessment for the primary analysis of fMRI BOLD and MST behavioral test. All consented, randomized participants are grouped according to the treatment assigned at randomization. MRI data was not available for one participant in the Healthy Living Education group, resulting in an N of 29 for all fMRI measures.

Functional MRI has proven to be an effective non-invasive, in-vivo tool for measuring brain function via the BOLD signal. Growing evidence supports that fMRI BOLD can detect neuronal changes that occur very early in the disease process. The hippocampus has been shown to be a selectively vulnerable region in AD, and several studies, including our own, identified a aberrant brain signal in the hippocampus in older adults. The typical range for this outcome is -10 to 10 with higher scores indicating better brain function.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=30 Participants
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=29 Participants
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Brain Scan as a Measure of Brain Function
Follow-up
0.018 units on a scale
Interval -0.274 to 0.31
0.033 units on a scale
Interval -0.267 to 0.333
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Brain Scan as a Measure of Brain Function
Baseline
-0.442 units on a scale
Interval -0.879 to -0.005
-0.203 units on a scale
Interval -0.65 to 0.243

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and Follow-up at 6 months

Population: Definition of ITT analysis sample: all eligible participants who (1) began the intervention and (2) completed baseline assessment and 6-month assessment for the primary analysis of fMRI BOLD and MST behavioral test. All consented, randomized participants are grouped according to the treatment assigned at randomization.

The participants will encode a series of objects presented on a computer. Following the encoding period, they will begin their fMRI scan and be asked to indicate if they recognize the objects on the screen, which include targets (previously seen objects), lures (objects that are similar to previously seen objects) and novel (unrelated objects). The discrimination between Targets and Lures will indicate the rate at which participants "correctly reject" the Lures (via pattern separation) or "false alarm" to the Lures (via pattern completion). The theoretical range for this outcome is -1 to 1 with higher scores indicating better memory function.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=30 Participants
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=30 Participants
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Mnemonic Similarity Test as a Measure of Memory (Cognition)
Follow-up
0.28 score on a scale
Interval 0.18 to 0.37
0.36 score on a scale
Interval 0.27 to 0.45
Mnemonic Similarity Test as a Measure of Memory (Cognition)
Baseline
0.32 score on a scale
Interval 0.23 to 0.41
0.32 score on a scale
Interval 0.23 to 0.41

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and Follow-up at 6 months

Population: Definition of ITT analysis sample: all eligible participants who (1) began the intervention and (2) completed baseline assessment and 6-month assessment for the primary analysis of fMRI BOLD and MST behavioral test. All consented, randomized participants are grouped according to the treatment assigned at randomization.

Each participant received PET scans with Neuraceq \[florbetaben F 18 (FBB)\] to measure amyloid-beta PET binding. IV injections of the tracers (FBB, -8.11 6 0.6 mCi) were done outside of the scanning room. Four 5-min frames were acquired 90 minutes after injection.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=30 Participants
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=30 Participants
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan as a Measure of Tracer Binding (SUVr)
Baseline
1.05 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr)
Interval 0.99 to 1.11
1.01 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr)
Interval 0.94 to 1.07
Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan as a Measure of Tracer Binding (SUVr)
Follow-up
1.05 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr)
Interval 0.99 to 1.12
1.01 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr)
Interval 0.94 to 1.08

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and Follow-up at 6 months

Population: Definition of ITT analysis sample: all eligible participants who (1) began the intervention and (2) completed baseline assessment and 6-month assessment for the primary analysis of fMRI BOLD and MST behavioral test. All consented, randomized participants are grouped according to the treatment assigned at randomization.

This is a measure of cardiovascular fitness. This test has been validated against peak VO2 max with r=0.96. Heart rate response is monitored with a Polar heart rate monitor and the heart rate at the end of the 4 min test is used to estimate VO2max using an established equation for conversion. The theoretical range for this outcome is 0 to 200 with higher scores indicating better cardiovascular fitness.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=30 Participants
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=30 Participants
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Single-stage Treadmill Test
Baseline
29.5 units on a scale
Interval 27.4 to 31.6
30.0 units on a scale
Interval 27.8 to 32.1
Single-stage Treadmill Test
Follow-up
31.2 units on a scale
Interval 29.2 to 33.3
31.1 units on a scale
Interval 29.0 to 33.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and Follow-up at 6 months

Population: Definition of ITT analysis sample: all eligible participants who (1) began the intervention and (2) completed baseline assessment and 6-month assessment for the primary analysis of fMRI BOLD and MST behavioral test. All consented, randomized participants are grouped according to the treatment assigned at randomization.

This test is a measure of multiple domains related to functional activities of daily living. Each physical activity in score is of varying difficulty level. The theoretical range for this outcome is 0 to 36 with higher scores indicating better physical function.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=30 Participants
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=30 Participants
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Modified Physical Function Test
Baseline
33.1 score on a scale
Interval 32.2 to 33.9
33.0 score on a scale
Interval 32.1 to 33.9
Modified Physical Function Test
Follow-up
33.6 score on a scale
Interval 32.7 to 34.4
33.7 score on a scale
Interval 32.8 to 34.6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and Follow-up at 6 months

Population: Definition of ITT analysis sample: all eligible participants who (1) began the intervention and (2) completed baseline assessment and 6-month assessment for the primary analysis of fMRI BOLD and MST behavioral test. All consented, randomized participants are grouped according to the treatment assigned at randomization. BDNF Plasma sample for one participant in the Healthy Living Education group did not pass QC thresholds and was excluded from analyses.

We will quantitatively analyze pre- and post-measurements of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF has been shown to increase after exercise intervention in humans and peripheral increases in these hormones correlate to cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. We measure total BDNF from plasma.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=30 Participants
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=29 Participants
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Brain-derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) as a Measure From Blood
Baseline
5.80 pg/mL
Interval 3.13 to 8.46
8.11 pg/mL
Interval 5.39 to 10.83
Brain-derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) as a Measure From Blood
Follow-up
6.15 pg/mL
Interval 3.5 to 8.8
6.63 pg/mL
Interval 3.87 to 9.39

Adverse Events

Moderate-aerobic Walking

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 11 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Healthy Living Education

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 6 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=30 participants at risk
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=30 participants at risk
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac disorders
3.3%
1/30 • Time between baseline and followup visit of 6-8 month intervention.
0.00%
0/30 • Time between baseline and followup visit of 6-8 month intervention.

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Moderate-aerobic Walking
n=30 participants at risk
Participants will complete a 6-month home-based moderate-aerobic walking program of 150 minutes per week with the assistance of an interventionist. Moderate-aerobic walking Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Healthy Living Education
n=30 participants at risk
Participants will receive monthly topics on healthy living lifestyles for self-paced reading over 6 months with the assistance of an interventionist. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: Radioligand that binds to proteins using a PET/CT scanner. Healthy living education Physical activity monitor: Wrist device that will track daily physical activity
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin
26.7%
8/30 • Time between baseline and followup visit of 6-8 month intervention.
20.0%
6/30 • Time between baseline and followup visit of 6-8 month intervention.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
3.3%
1/30 • Time between baseline and followup visit of 6-8 month intervention.
0.00%
0/30 • Time between baseline and followup visit of 6-8 month intervention.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Falls
6.7%
2/30 • Time between baseline and followup visit of 6-8 month intervention.
0.00%
0/30 • Time between baseline and followup visit of 6-8 month intervention.

Additional Information

Judy Pa, PhD

UC San Diego

Phone: 858-246-1333

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place