Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effects of Vanilla on Hypoxic Intermittent Events in Premature Infants (NCT NCT02630147)

NCT ID: NCT02630147

Last Updated: 2023-07-17

Results Overview

Number per hour of oxygen saturation \< 90% for at least 5 seconds

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

32 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

12 hour period of recording on the night 1 and 3 of each participants, in which they are exposed to vanilla or no vanilla odor

Results posted on

2023-07-17

Participant Flow

Patients were screened for eligibility and recruited in the neonatal care unit of the University of Sherbrooke Hospital Center, Canada, from November 2015 to February 2019.

Every baby was his own control (cross-over design) The aim was to get at least 30 enrolled newborns to have more than 20 valid recordings. We enrolled a total of 32 patients. 5 babies were withdrawed before recordings. This gave us 27 complete and analyzable recordings.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Vanilla, Then no Vanilla Night
Intervention = exposition to vanilla scent A quantity of 2 ml of a saturated vanilla solution (2% vanillin) will be applied on premature pyjamas infant's, close to his face (on each shoulder and on the upper chest). Vanilla scent: A 12-hour continuous recording for monitoring hemoglobin oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram and respiratory movements will be performed while the infant is exposed to vanilla scent (from vanilla solution on the infant's pyjamas). In addition, a 3-hour polysomnography will be done in a sub-sample on the morning following the night recording with vanilla solution.
No Vanilla, Then Vanilla Night
The only difference with the experimental arm is the absence of vanilla (usual, standard care)
First Intervention (First Night)
STARTED
14
13
First Intervention (First Night)
COMPLETED
14
13
First Intervention (First Night)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
Washout, no Intervention (Second Night)
STARTED
14
13
Washout, no Intervention (Second Night)
COMPLETED
14
13
Washout, no Intervention (Second Night)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
Second Intervention (Third Night)
STARTED
14
13
Second Intervention (Third Night)
COMPLETED
14
13
Second Intervention (Third Night)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Vanilla, Then no Vanilla Night
n=14 Participants
First night: exposition to vanilla scent and recordings A quantity of 2 ml of a saturated vanilla solution (2% vanillin) were applied on premature pyjamas infant's, close to the face (on each shoulder and on the upper chest). Second night: No interventions, no recordings were made Third night: Control night, no vanilla, recordings for 12 hours Recordings: A 12-hour continuous recording for monitoring hemoglobin oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram and respiratory movements were performed.
No Vanilla, Then Vanilla Night
n=13 Participants
First night: no exposition to vanilla scent, recordings (control night) Second night: No interventions, no recordings were made Third night: Vanilla exposition, with 2 ml of a saturated vanilla solution (2% vanillin) applied on premature pyjamas infant's, close to the face (on each shoulder and on the upper chest). Recordings for 12 hours Recordings: A 12-hour continuous recording for monitoring hemoglobin oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram and respiratory movements were performed.
Total
n=27 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
14 Participants
n=14 Participants
13 Participants
n=13 Participants
27 Participants
n=27 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
0 Participants
n=14 Participants
0 Participants
n=13 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=14 Participants
0 Participants
n=13 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Age, Continuous
24.57 Days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.48 • n=14 Participants
23.93 Days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.61 • n=13 Participants
24.26 Days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.02 • n=27 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
8 Participants
n=14 Participants
3 Participants
n=13 Participants
11 Participants
n=27 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
6 Participants
n=14 Participants
10 Participants
n=13 Participants
16 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Region of Enrollment
Canada
14 participants
n=14 Participants
13 participants
n=13 Participants
27 participants
n=27 Participants
Gestational age
32 Weeks
n=14 Participants
32 Weeks
n=13 Participants
32 Weeks
n=27 Participants
Chronological age
23 Days
n=14 Participants
25 Days
n=13 Participants
24 Days
n=27 Participants
Caffeine
13 Participants
n=14 Participants
10 Participants
n=13 Participants
23 Participants
n=27 Participants
Weight
1.595 kg
n=14 Participants
1.75 kg
n=13 Participants
1.67 kg
n=27 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 hour period of recording on the night 1 and 3 of each participants, in which they are exposed to vanilla or no vanilla odor

Population: The population in each group consists of the total participants number (27), since all children were exposed to the vanilla odor on one night, and all children were exposed to the control treatment on another night. In other words, all children were both in the vanilla night group, and the control night group.

Number per hour of oxygen saturation \< 90% for at least 5 seconds

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Night-vanilla
n=27 Participants
Intervention = exposition to vanilla scent A quantity of 2 ml of a saturated vanilla solution (2% vanillin) will be applied on premature pyjamas infant's, close to his face (on each shoulder and on the upper chest). Vanilla scent: A 12-hour continuous recording for monitoring hemoglobin oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram and respiratory movements will be performed while the infant is exposed to vanilla scent (from vanilla solution on the infant's pyjamas).
Night-no Vanilla
n=27 Participants
The only difference with the experimental arm is the absence of vanilla (usual, standard care)
Desaturation Index
51.7 Number of events
Standard Deviation 22.0
56.9 Number of events
Standard Deviation 25.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 hour period of recording on the night 1 and 3 of each participants, in which they are exposed to vanilla or no vanilla odor

Population: The population in each group consists of the total participants number (27), since all children were exposed to the vanilla odor on one night, and all children were exposed to the control treatment on another night. In other words, all children were both in the vanilla night group, and the control night group.

Percentage time in overall duration of oxygen saturation under 90%

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Night-vanilla
n=27 Participants
Intervention = exposition to vanilla scent A quantity of 2 ml of a saturated vanilla solution (2% vanillin) will be applied on premature pyjamas infant's, close to his face (on each shoulder and on the upper chest). Vanilla scent: A 12-hour continuous recording for monitoring hemoglobin oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram and respiratory movements will be performed while the infant is exposed to vanilla scent (from vanilla solution on the infant's pyjamas).
Night-no Vanilla
n=27 Participants
The only difference with the experimental arm is the absence of vanilla (usual, standard care)
Percentage of Time of Oxygen Saturation Under 90%
1.8 % of overall time
Standard Deviation 1.23
2.2 % of overall time
Standard Deviation 1.6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 hour period of recording on the night 1 and 3 of each participants, in which they are exposed to vanilla or no vanilla odor

Population: The number of usable recordings was 11 out of the 27, because the of technical recordings issues

Percent of time of the recording spent in periodic breathing or in apnea. A periodic beathing epoch was defined as a series of 3 episodes or more of apneas lasting at least 3 seconds and separated by less than 20 seconds of normal breathing Apneas were defined as the absence of respiratory movements for at least 20 seconds or for at least 2 breathing cycles with a decrease of at least 3% in SpO2

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Night-vanilla
n=11 Participants
Intervention = exposition to vanilla scent A quantity of 2 ml of a saturated vanilla solution (2% vanillin) will be applied on premature pyjamas infant's, close to his face (on each shoulder and on the upper chest). Vanilla scent: A 12-hour continuous recording for monitoring hemoglobin oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram and respiratory movements will be performed while the infant is exposed to vanilla scent (from vanilla solution on the infant's pyjamas).
Night-no Vanilla
n=11 Participants
The only difference with the experimental arm is the absence of vanilla (usual, standard care)
Percentage of Time of Periodic Breathing
12.2 % of overall time
Standard Deviation 12.4
8.7 % of overall time
Standard Deviation 10.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 hour period of recording on the night 1 and 3 of each participants, in which they are exposed to vanilla or no vanilla odor

Population: The number of usable recordings was 11 out of the 27, because the of technical recordings issues

Percent of time of the recording spent in apnea

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Night-vanilla
n=11 Participants
Intervention = exposition to vanilla scent A quantity of 2 ml of a saturated vanilla solution (2% vanillin) will be applied on premature pyjamas infant's, close to his face (on each shoulder and on the upper chest). Vanilla scent: A 12-hour continuous recording for monitoring hemoglobin oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram and respiratory movements will be performed while the infant is exposed to vanilla scent (from vanilla solution on the infant's pyjamas).
Night-no Vanilla
n=11 Participants
The only difference with the experimental arm is the absence of vanilla (usual, standard care)
Time in Apnea
0.99 % of overall time
Standard Deviation 0.4
1.02 % of overall time
Standard Deviation 0.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 hour period of recording on the night 1 and 3 of each participants, in which they are exposed to vanilla or no vanilla odor

Mean value of oxygen saturation (%)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Night-vanilla
n=27 Participants
Intervention = exposition to vanilla scent A quantity of 2 ml of a saturated vanilla solution (2% vanillin) will be applied on premature pyjamas infant's, close to his face (on each shoulder and on the upper chest). Vanilla scent: A 12-hour continuous recording for monitoring hemoglobin oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram and respiratory movements will be performed while the infant is exposed to vanilla scent (from vanilla solution on the infant's pyjamas).
Night-no Vanilla
n=27 Participants
The only difference with the experimental arm is the absence of vanilla (usual, standard care)
Mean SpO2
98 % of SpO2
Standard Deviation 1.2
97.5 % of SpO2
Standard Deviation 1.5

Adverse Events

Night-vanilla

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Night-no Vanilla

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr Jean-Paul Praud

University of Sherbrooke Hospital Research Center, QC, Canada

Phone: 819-346-1110

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place