Understanding Disparities in Healthcare and Primary Care Provider Quality

NCT ID: NCT02626910

Last Updated: 2017-12-15

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

49 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2013-08-01

Study Completion Date

2017-07-01

Brief Summary

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The project proposes to fill gaps in the understanding of disparities in healthcare and primary care provider (PCP) quality from the perspectives of adult Medicare beneficiaries with disabilities compared to those without disabilities. Studies document racial/ethnic, economic, and education-related disparities, but little is known about healthcare disparities related to disability.

Detailed Description

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BACKGROUND: The project proposes to fill gaps in the understanding of disparities in healthcare and primary care provider (PCP) quality from the perspectives of adult Medicare beneficiaries with disabilities compared to those without disabilities. Studies document racial/ethnic, economic, and education-related disparities, but little is known about healthcare disparities related to disability.

OBJECTIVE: The investigators' goal is to engage stakeholders as peers and partners in the development of an evidence-based Patient-Inspired Surveillance Tool for documenting variations in healthcare and PCP quality and any outcome consequences associated with these variations among people with disabilities (PWD) and people without disabilities (PWOD). The tool is intended to provide guidance on programs and policies to ameliorate disparities, improve function, and enhance autonomy in populations of people.

METHODS: The investigators will explore perceptions about the determinants of healthcare and PCP quality in partnership with stakeholders including PWD, PWOD, family of PWD, and healthcare providers in efforts to better understand underlying determinants of healthcare disparities that might be accelerating clinical deterioration. Applying population weighted data and multi-variable methods to patient information included in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS), the investigators will determine the presence or absence of perceived problems across 5 healthcare and PCP quality "comparators" and (if present) the magnitude of impact on likelihood of patients' functional improvement, functional decline, institutionalization, or death referenced to no status change by 1, 2, and 3 years. A decade of data from the MCBS (on about 40,000 working age and elderly patients) will be applied to ensure adequate statistical power for comparisons. Stakeholders will help interpret the implications of findings and partner with clinician researchers in building the Tool.

PATIENT OUTCOMES: For aim 2, the outcome will be healthcare and PCP quality across 5 "quality comparators" including patients' perceptions about care coordination and quality, access barriers, technical skills of PCP, interpersonal skills of PCP, and the quality of information provided by PCP. Comparisons will be cross sectional contrasting the proportions of people at each stage of disability referenced to PWOD perceiving lower verses higher quality on each comparator. These 5 comparators will become the exposure for aims 3 and 4.

For aims 3 and 4, the outcome will include "no change" (individual remains at the same Activity of Daily Living (ADL)/Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) stage), "functional improvement" (recovery to a lower ADL/IADL stage), "functional decline" (deterioration to a higher stage of ADL/IADL limitation), "institutionalization" (long-term nursing home), or "death." Comparison will be longitudinal prediction at 1, 2, and 3 years in contrast to no change according to each comparator.

Conditions

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Physical Disability

Keywords

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Disability Activity of Daily Living Patient Satisfaction

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Second Life: People with disabilities

People with disabilities recruited from the virtual world, Second life.

No interventions assigned to this group

Second Life: People without disabilities

People without disabilities recruited from the virtual world, Second life.

No interventions assigned to this group

Second Life: Clinicians

Clinicians recruited from the virtual world, Second life.

No interventions assigned to this group

Urban group

People with and without disabilities recruited from an Urban setting.

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Second Life: People with disabilities - only those with disabilities from Second Life.
* Second Life: People without disabilities - only those without disabilities from Second Life.
* Second Life: clinicians - only clinicians from Second Life.
* Urban: either those with or without disabilities

Exclusion Criteria

* Second Life: People with disabilities - does not include those without disabilities or clinicians from Second Life.
* Second Life: People without disabilities - does not include those with disabilities or clinicians from Second Life.
* Second Life: clinicians - does not include those with or without disabilities from Second Life.
* Urban: does not include clinicians
Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of Pennsylvania

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Hillary R Bogner, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Pennsylvania

Locations

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University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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de Vries McClintock HF, Barg FK, Katz SP, Stineman MG, Krueger A, Colletti PM, Boellstorff T, Bogner HR. Health care experiences and perceptions among people with and without disabilities. Disabil Health J. 2016 Jan;9(1):74-82. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.08.007. Epub 2015 Sep 5.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 26482010 (View on PubMed)

Bogner HR, de Vries McClintock HF, Hennessy S, Kurichi JE, Streim JE, Xie D, Pezzin LE, Kwong PL, Stineman MG. Patient Satisfaction and Perceived Quality of Care Among Older Adults According to Activity Limitation Stages. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Oct;96(10):1810-9. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.06.005. Epub 2015 Jun 26.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 26119464 (View on PubMed)

Provided Documents

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Document Type: Informed Consent Form: clinician

View Document

Document Type: Informed Consent Form: PWD_SL

View Document

Document Type: Informed Consent Form: PWD_URBAN

View Document

Document Type: Informed Consent Form: PWOD_SL

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Document Type: Informed Consent Form: PWOD_URBAN

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Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Other Identifiers

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AD-12-11-4567

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id