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Measuring Protein Requirement Using Amino Acid Oxidation in Strength and Endurance Athletes

NCT ID: NCT02621294

Last Updated: 2015-12-03

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

16 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2015-11-30

Study Completion Date

2016-12-31

Brief Summary

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Our objective is to determine the dietary requirement of protein for strength and endurance exercise trained (more than 4 months training experience) individuals between 18 - 30 years of age using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAO) method. This study will be the first to determine the required quantity of protein need per day in strength- and endurance trained young adults using the IAO method.

Detailed Description

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The adequacy of the protein dietary requirement for strength (ST) and endurance (ET) exercise trained individuals has been a subject of considerable debate for many years and, at present, there is a discrepancy between those who establish dietary protein requirements for healthy adults and those issuing guidelines for athletes. Despite past nitrogen balance studies suggesting a greater protein requirement in ST and ET athletes, the Institute of Medicine (2005) recommends "no additional dietary protein for healthy adults undertaking resistance or endurance exercise". Current protein and amino acid (AA) requirement estimates for adults are based on nitrogen balance data which are considered to be flawed due to several methodological problems including the use of single linear regression for analyzing nonlinear data and an over/underestimation of nitrogen intake and excretion, respectively. To overcome these problems, the indicator amino acid oxidation technique (IAO) was developed for determination of dietary AA or protein requirements. The IAO method is based on the concept that when dietary protein is inadequate, all AA, including the indicator AA, will be oxidized. With increasing total protein intake, oxidation of the indicator AA will decrease. Once the requirement is met, there is no further change in the oxidation of the indicator AA and the inflection or 'breakpoint' is the estimated requirement. A mixed-effects change-point regression analysis to F13CO2 (label tracer oxidation in 13CO2 breath) in response to graded amounts of protein will be utilized to over come the limitations of linear regression previously used with nitrogen balance. These protein requirement measures using the IAO has not been carried out on ST or ET individuals previously so this will be the first study to do so. The results of this study will help determine the optimal protein requirement in ST and ET athletes which is important not only for athletes but also for older individuals whose loss of muscle mass has been linked to a variety of health concerns.

Conditions

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Protein Requirement of Athletes

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NA

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Measuring protein requirement

Measuring protein requirement of athletes by feeding different amount of protein in the form of amino acid mixture and measuring their oxidation through expired CO2

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Measuring protein requirement

Intervention Type OTHER

a repeated measures design will be used on each athlete receiving eight graded intakes of protein on separate days in the form of AA in random order ranging from 0.2 to 3.5 g/(kg/d). Three baseline samples of breath and urine will be collected at 60, 45 and 30 min before the stable isotope is given orally. During a period of 150 to 270 min. after stable isotope ingestion, 5 breath and urine samples (every 30 min) will be collected to determine an isotopic plateau in breath and urine. The rate of release of 13CO2 from the oxidation of L-\[1-13C\] phenylalanine (F 13CO2) in breath will be measured and a breakpoint analysis will determine total protein requirement

Interventions

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Measuring protein requirement

a repeated measures design will be used on each athlete receiving eight graded intakes of protein on separate days in the form of AA in random order ranging from 0.2 to 3.5 g/(kg/d). Three baseline samples of breath and urine will be collected at 60, 45 and 30 min before the stable isotope is given orally. During a period of 150 to 270 min. after stable isotope ingestion, 5 breath and urine samples (every 30 min) will be collected to determine an isotopic plateau in breath and urine. The rate of release of 13CO2 from the oxidation of L-\[1-13C\] phenylalanine (F 13CO2) in breath will be measured and a breakpoint analysis will determine total protein requirement

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Healthy strength-trained and endurance-trained (more than 3 months training experience, at least 3x week) individuals (18-30 years old).

Exclusion Criteria

* Unhealthy,
* sedentary individuals,
* those who are taking medication,
* those outside the age range, or
* those who have milk allergies
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

30 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of Western Ontario, Canada

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Peter Lemon

Dr.

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Peter Lemon, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Western University

Locations

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Exercise Nutrition Research Laboratory

London, Ontario, Canada

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Canada

Central Contacts

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Peter Lemon, PhD

Role: CONTACT

[email protected]
519 661-2111 ext. 88139

Arash Bandegan, MSc

Role: CONTACT

[email protected]
5196140266

Facility Contacts

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Peter WR Lemon, PhD

Role: primary

[email protected]
519-661-2111 ext. 88139

References

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Bandegan A, Courtney-Martin G, Rafii M, Pencharz PB, Lemon PWR. Indicator amino acid oxidation protein requirement estimate in endurance-trained men 24 h postexercise exceeds both the EAR and current athlete guidelines. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2019 May 1;316(5):E741-E748. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00174.2018. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 30779631 (View on PubMed)

Bandegan A, Courtney-Martin G, Rafii M, Pencharz PB, Lemon PW. Indicator Amino Acid-Derived Estimate of Dietary Protein Requirement for Male Bodybuilders on a Nontraining Day Is Several-Fold Greater than the Current Recommended Dietary Allowance. J Nutr. 2017 May;147(5):850-857. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.236331. Epub 2017 Feb 8.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 28179492 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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004

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id