Trial Outcomes & Findings for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Microsurgical Breast Recon w/Abdominal Free Flap in Breast CA (NCT NCT02601027)

NCT ID: NCT02601027

Last Updated: 2021-09-23

Results Overview

Narcotic usage was collected for first 48 hours post-operatively after breast reconstruction. The type and amount of each narcotic administered were each converted to the morphine equivalent amount that would be orally administered to achieve the same event. This term is known as the oral morphine equivalent (OME). Narcotic usage was assessed between the group receiving transversus abdominis plane (TAP) nerve block compared to the group receiving the placebo control. The outcome is reported as the observed OME for each group.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE3

Target enrollment

120 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

48 hours

Results posted on

2021-09-23

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Registration to Surgery
STARTED
64
56
Registration to Surgery
COMPLETED
44
46
Registration to Surgery
NOT COMPLETED
20
10
Surgery to Assessments
STARTED
44
46
Surgery to Assessments
COMPLETED
44
46
Surgery to Assessments
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Registration to Surgery
Withdrawal by Subject
20
10

Baseline Characteristics

Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Microsurgical Breast Recon w/Abdominal Free Flap in Breast CA

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
n=64 Participants
0.125% bupivacaine infusion via transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration Bupivacaine infusion Acetominophen Hydromorphone Oxycodone Ondansetron
Placebo
n=56 Participants
Saline infusion (sham) via transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration Acetominophen Hydromorphone Oxycodone Ondansetron
Total
n=120 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
58 Participants
n=5 Participants
49 Participants
n=7 Participants
107 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous
50.24 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.58 • n=5 Participants
52.11 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.50 • n=7 Participants
51.11 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.98 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
64 Participants
n=5 Participants
56 Participants
n=7 Participants
120 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
8 Participants
n=7 Participants
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
44 Participants
n=5 Participants
38 Participants
n=7 Participants
82 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
15 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
64 participants
n=5 Participants
56 participants
n=7 Participants
120 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 48 hours

Narcotic usage was collected for first 48 hours post-operatively after breast reconstruction. The type and amount of each narcotic administered were each converted to the morphine equivalent amount that would be orally administered to achieve the same event. This term is known as the oral morphine equivalent (OME). Narcotic usage was assessed between the group receiving transversus abdominis plane (TAP) nerve block compared to the group receiving the placebo control. The outcome is reported as the observed OME for each group.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
n=44 Participants
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
n=46 Participants
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Post-operative Narcotic Usage
139.3 milligrams (mg)
Standard Deviation 117.2
169.2 milligrams (mg)
Standard Deviation 136.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 2 days

Post-operative Pain Score is defined using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a patient-reported pain score based on viewing a graphic of a scale 0 to 10, and indicating pain level. Each participant was asked about 48 hours after breast reconstruction to indicate their their perceived pain according on the VAS scale. Higher scores represent greater pain. The outcome is reported as the mean VAS score at 48 hours, with standard deviation.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
n=44 Participants
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
n=46 Participants
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Post-operative Pain Score
3.76 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.72
3.96 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.14

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 48 hours

Odansetron by intravenous administration was used to control nausea (ie, an anti-emetic drug). Anti-emetic usage was collected for first 48 hours post-operatively after breast reconstruction for the group receiving transversus abdominis plane (TAP) nerve block compared to the group receiving the placebo control. The outcome is reported as the mean quantity of Odansetron in milligrams (mg) administered to each group, with standard deviation.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
n=44 Participants
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
n=46 Participants
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Post-operative Anti-emetic Usage
5.14 milligrams (mg)
Standard Deviation 5.30
9.93 milligrams (mg)
Standard Deviation 13.74

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 1 week

Time to ambulation is defined as the amount of time, from midnight on post-operative Day 1 (ie, first midnight following the surgery), to when the participant to be able to stand up and walk a few steps post-operatively. The assessment of whether or not the participant was able to walk was subjective on the part of the shift nurse (ie, no defined number of steps nor quantitative assessment of gait or stability), and was not explicitly defined in the protocol or elsewhere. The outcome is reported as the time to ambulation in days, with standard deviation, for the group receiving transversus abdominis plane (TAP) nerve block and the group receiving the placebo control.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
n=44 Participants
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
n=46 Participants
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Time to Ambulation
1.28 days
Standard Deviation 0.52
1.45 days
Standard Deviation 0.62

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 1 week

Time to first bowel movement is defined as the amount of time, from midnight on post-operative Day 1 (ie, first midnight following the surgery), to when the participant was to be able to pass a stool post-operatively. The outcome is reported as the time in days, with standard deviation, for the group receiving transversus abdominis plane (TAP) nerve block and the group receiving the placebo control.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
n=44 Participants
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
n=46 Participants
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Time to First Bowel Movement
1.67 days
Standard Deviation 1.08
1.62 days
Standard Deviation 0.99

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Pre-operative Baseline and Post-operative (2-6 months)

Population: Most participants were lost to follow-up, and did not return the case report form (CRF) for this patient-reported Quality of Life (QoL) data

Quality of life for the study groups was assessed with the BREAST-Q questionnaire, a survey set of 6 pre-operative questionnaires comprised of 58 questions, and 15 post-operative questionnaires, collected 2 to 6 months after surgery, which is comprised of 109 questions. The results range for the pre-operative and post-operative questionnaire sets is 0 to 269 and 0 to 462, respectively. Because the baseline and post-operative domains are different, the BREAST-Q survey is not a measure of quality of life change over time. The Breast Q questionnaire was validated by Pusic, et al (citation provided). Higher scores for a domain represents better quality of life. The outcome is reported as the mean for each group and timepoint, with standard deviation.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
n=10 Participants
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
n=7 Participants
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Quality of Life Measurement
Pre-operative baseline
97.30 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.61
99.08 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.73
Quality of Life Measurement
Post-operative (2 to 6 month)
342.11 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.42
358.00 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.83

Adverse Events

0.125% Bupivacaine

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 21 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Placebo

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 27 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
0.125% Bupivacaine
n=64 participants at risk
* 0.125% bupivacaine infusion through transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Placebo
n=56 participants at risk
* Saline infusion (sham) for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) catheter. * Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block * Nimbus Infusion Pump IV Administration * Bupivacaine infusion * Acetominophen * Hydromorphone * Oxycodone * Ondansetron
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anemia
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
7.1%
4/56 • Number of events 4 • Through 7 days post-operative
Psychiatric disorders
Anxiety
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Bullous dermatitis
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Bruising
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorder - Chest wall necrosis, specify
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative
General disorders
Edema Limbs
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
General disorders
Fever
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
3.6%
2/56 • Number of events 2 • Through 7 days post-operative
General disorders
Localized Edema
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative
Nervous system disorders
Headache
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative
Vascular disorders
Hematoma
7.8%
5/64 • Number of events 5 • Through 7 days post-operative
7.1%
4/56 • Number of events 4 • Through 7 days post-operative
Vascular disorders
Hypotension
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
3.6%
2/56 • Number of events 2 • Through 7 days post-operative
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Muscle cramp
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Infections and infestations
Otitis media
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Pain in extremity
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Nervous system disorders
Peripheral sensory neuropathy
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Pruritus
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Infections and infestations
Shingles
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative
Cardiac disorders
Sinus tachycardia
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders - Other, specify
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin ulceration
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Vascular disorders
Thromboembolic event
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative
Infections and infestations
Upper respiratory infection
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Investigations
Urine output decreased
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Infections and infestations
Urinary Tract Infection
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative
Nervous system disorders
Vasovagal reaction
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
0.00%
0/64 • Through 7 days post-operative
1.8%
1/56 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Wound complication
1.6%
1/64 • Number of events 1 • Through 7 days post-operative
0.00%
0/56 • Through 7 days post-operative

Additional Information

Gordon Kwanlyp Lee, Professor of Surgery (Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery)

Stanford University

Phone: 650-723-5824

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place