Assessing Outcomes of Enhanced Chronic Disease Care Through Patient Education and a Value-based Formulary Study

NCT ID: NCT02579655

Last Updated: 2024-03-22

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

4764 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2015-11-30

Study Completion Date

2021-06-30

Brief Summary

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The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of two novel interventions; (1) a value-based formulary which eliminates copayment for selected high-value medications (proven to prevent heart attacks, stroke, and hospitalizations); and (2) a comprehensive patient education program aimed at lifestyle modification and optimal drug use, combined with relay of information on medication use, on the risk of adverse clinical outcomes (mortality, heart attack, stroke, need for coronary revascularization, and chronic disease related hospitalizations) in low-income seniors with chronic conditions over three years of follow-up or until March 31, 2021 (whichever comes first).

Detailed Description

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Chronic diseases, such as stroke, myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease, are the major challenge facing health care systems worldwide. Although medications and lifestyle changes can improve the health of these patients, many do not benefit from these treatments due to barriers at the level of the patient, provider and/or health system, resulting in a care gap. Multiple barriers may contribute to the observed care gap for patients with these chronic diseases-but prior research has identified that 1) out-of-pocket costs for medications (including co-payments); and 2) lack of patient knowledge about the potential benefits of treatment are particularly important. Although these barriers clearly compromise outcomes among people with chronic diseases, the best way to overcome them and close the care gap is uncertain.

In the ACCESS trial, the investigators will study the effect of two novel interventions in 4764 participants with chronic disease. The investigators hypothesize that (1) eliminating copayments for high value cardioprotective medications and (2) a comprehensive patient education program on optimal medication use, combined with relay of information on optimal medication use by the patient to their health care provider, will decrease the risk of adverse clinical outcomes during the follow-up period.

Methods and study design: Parallel, open label, factorial randomized controlled trial with blinded endpoint evaluation assessing the impact of two interventions: 1) elimination of patient copayment for selected medications, and 2) patient education with relay of information to the participant's health care provider.

Conditions

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Coronary Disease Stroke Chronic Kidney Disease Heart Failure Diabetes Mellitus Hypertension Hypercholesterolemia

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

FACTORIAL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Copayment Elimination and Personalized Education

In this arm, participants would have copayment elimination (no cost for preventative medications for hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease) and free enrollment in a new personalized education program to help participants manage their chronic conditions

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Copayment Elimination

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Patients will receive preventive medications for their chronic conditions free of charge (without the 30% copayment seniors normally pay for their medications)

Personalized Education

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Tailored Education focusing on optimizing use and adherence to guideline recommended medications, as well as appropriate lifestyle

Copayment Elimination Only

In this arm, participant's would be randomized to Copayment Elimination (no cost for preventative medications for hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease) and receive some basic educational information about their chronic disease

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Copayment Elimination

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Patients will receive preventive medications for their chronic conditions free of charge (without the 30% copayment seniors normally pay for their medications)

Personalized Education Only

In this arm, participants would be randomized to free enrollment in a new personalized education program to help patients manage their chronic conditions

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Personalized Education

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Tailored Education focusing on optimizing use and adherence to guideline recommended medications, as well as appropriate lifestyle

No intervention

In this arm, participants will have access to some basic online educational information about their chronic disease. There is no intervention in this arm. The comparative group.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Copayment Elimination

Patients will receive preventive medications for their chronic conditions free of charge (without the 30% copayment seniors normally pay for their medications)

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Personalized Education

Tailored Education focusing on optimizing use and adherence to guideline recommended medications, as well as appropriate lifestyle

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

\>65 years of age (have drug insurance from Alberta Blue Cross with 30% copayment)

Have any one of the following:

* coronary disease
* prior stroke
* chronic kidney disease
* heart failure

OR any two of the following:

* current cigarette smoking (\>1/2 pack per day)
* diabetes mellitus
* hypertension
* hypercholesterolemia

Have total family income \<$50,000

Exclusion Criteria

* Coverage by another insurance plan where no drug payment is required (i.e. copayment \<30%)
* Inability to participate in education modules (e.g. lack of proficiency in English; cognitive impairment).
* Has every dose of their medication provided to them by a nurse or other professional caregiver?
* Inability to provide informed consent
Minimum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Alberta Innovates Health Solutions

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Calgary

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Braden Manns

Svare Professor, Health Economics

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Braden Manns

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Calgary

Locations

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University of Calgary

Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Site Status

Countries

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Canada

References

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Manns BJ, Tonelli M, Zhang J, Campbell DJ, Sargious P, Ayyalasomayajula B, Clement F, Johnson JA, Laupacis A, Lewanczuk R, McBrien K, Hemmelgarn BR. Enrolment in primary care networks: impact on outcomes and processes of care for patients with diabetes. CMAJ. 2012 Feb 7;184(2):E144-52. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.110755. Epub 2011 Dec 5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22143232 (View on PubMed)

Campbell DJ, King-Shier K, Hemmelgarn BR, Sanmartin C, Ronksley PE, Weaver RG, Tonelli M, Hennessy D, Manns BJ. Self-reported financial barriers to care among patients with cardiovascular-related chronic conditions. Health Rep. 2014 May;25(5):3-12.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24850391 (View on PubMed)

Ronksley PE, Sanmartin C, Campbell DJ, Weaver RG, Allan GM, McBrien KA, Tonelli M, Manns BJ, Hennessy D, Hemmelgarn BR. Perceived barriers to primary care among western Canadians with chronic conditions. Health Rep. 2014 Apr;25(4):3-10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24744042 (View on PubMed)

Mann BS, Barnieh L, Tang K, Campbell DJ, Clement F, Hemmelgarn B, Tonelli M, Lorenzetti D, Manns BJ. Association between drug insurance cost sharing strategies and outcomes in patients with chronic diseases: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 25;9(3):e89168. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089168. eCollection 2014.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24667163 (View on PubMed)

Ivers NM, Tricco AC, Taljaard M, Halperin I, Turner L, Moher D, Grimshaw JM. Quality improvement needed in quality improvement randomised trials: systematic review of interventions to improve care in diabetes. BMJ Open. 2013 Apr 9;3(4):e002727. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002727. Print 2013.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23576000 (View on PubMed)

Leibowitz A, Manning WG, Newhouse JP. The demand for prescription drugs as a function of cost-sharing. Soc Sci Med. 1985;21(10):1063-9. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(85)90161-3.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 3936186 (View on PubMed)

Keeler EB, Brook RH, Goldberg GA, Kamberg CJ, Newhouse JP. How free care reduced hypertension in the health insurance experiment. JAMA. 1985 Oct 11;254(14):1926-31.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 4046121 (View on PubMed)

Tamblyn R, Laprise R, Hanley JA, Abrahamowicz M, Scott S, Mayo N, Hurley J, Grad R, Latimer E, Perreault R, McLeod P, Huang A, Larochelle P, Mallet L. Adverse events associated with prescription drug cost-sharing among poor and elderly persons. JAMA. 2001 Jan 24-31;285(4):421-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.4.421.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11242426 (View on PubMed)

Psaty BM, Lumley T, Furberg CD, Schellenbaum G, Pahor M, Alderman MH, Weiss NS. Health outcomes associated with various antihypertensive therapies used as first-line agents: a network meta-analysis. JAMA. 2003 May 21;289(19):2534-44. doi: 10.1001/jama.289.19.2534.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12759325 (View on PubMed)

Gaede P, Vedel P, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Intensified multifactorial intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria: the Steno type 2 randomised study. Lancet. 1999 Feb 20;353(9153):617-22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07368-1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 10030326 (View on PubMed)

Demers V, Melo M, Jackevicius C, Cox J, Kalavrouziotis D, Rinfret S, Humphries KH, Johansen H, Tu JV, Pilote L. Comparison of provincial prescription drug plans and the impact on patients' annual drug expenditures. CMAJ. 2008 Feb 12;178(4):405-9. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.070587.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 18268266 (View on PubMed)

Daw JR, Morgan SG. Stitching the gaps in the Canadian public drug coverage patchwork?: a review of provincial pharmacare policy changes from 2000 to 2010. Health Policy. 2012 Jan;104(1):19-26. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2011.08.015. Epub 2011 Oct 5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21978939 (View on PubMed)

Campbell DJT, Mitchell C, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M, Faris P, Zhang J, Tsuyuki RT, Fletcher J, Au F, Klarenbach S, Exner DV, Manns BJ; Interdisciplinary Chronic Disease Collaboration. Eliminating Medication Copayments for Low-Income Older Adults at High Cardiovascular Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Circulation. 2023 May 16;147(20):1505-1514. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064188. Epub 2023 Mar 5.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36871215 (View on PubMed)

Campbell DJT, Tonelli M, Hemmelgarn BR, Faris P, Zhang J, Au F, Tsuyuki RT, Mitchell C, Pannu R, Campbell T, Ivers N, Fletcher J, Exner DV, Manns BJ; Interdisciplinary Chronic Disease Collaboration. Self-Management Support Using Advertising Principles for Older Adults With Low Income at High Cardiovascular Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Circulation. 2023 May 16;147(20):1492-1504. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064189. Epub 2023 Mar 5.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36871212 (View on PubMed)

Fletcher JM, Saunders-Smith T, Manns BJ, Tsuyuki R, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M, Campbell DJT. Pharmacist and patient perspectives on recruitment strategies for randomized controlled trials: a qualitative analysis. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2020 Oct 31;20(1):270. doi: 10.1186/s12874-020-01140-6.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33129278 (View on PubMed)

Kakumanu S, Manns BJ, Tran S, Saunders-Smith T, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M, Tsuyuki R, Ivers N, Southern D, Bakal J, Campbell DJT. Cost analysis and efficacy of recruitment strategies used in a large pragmatic community-based clinical trial targeting low-income seniors: a comparative descriptive analysis. Trials. 2019 Oct 7;20(1):577. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3652-5.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 31590686 (View on PubMed)

Campbell DJ, Tonelli M, Hemmelgarn B, Mitchell C, Tsuyuki R, Ivers N, Campbell T, Pannu R, Verkerke E, Klarenbach S, King-Shier K, Faris P, Exner D, Chaubey V, Manns B; Interdisciplinary Chronic Disease Collaboration. Assessing outcomes of enhanced chronic disease care through patient education and a value-based formulary study (ACCESS)-study protocol for a 2x2 factorial randomized trial. Implement Sci. 2016 Sep 26;11(1):131. doi: 10.1186/s13012-016-0491-6.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 27671037 (View on PubMed)

Provided Documents

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Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan: Main analysis SAP

View Document

Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan: Secondary analysis SAP - Medication adherence

View Document

Other Identifiers

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REB13-1241

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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