Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) on Functional Capacity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors (NCT NCT02575976)

NCT ID: NCT02575976

Last Updated: 2022-04-28

Results Overview

The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). The ISWT consists of an incremental, walking test where participants are required to walk up and down a 10-meter course. The speed of walking, which is increased by a small increment every minute (0.17 ms-l), is externally paced and controlled by audio signals played from a tape recorder19. There are 12 levels in total, beginning with 0.5 ms-1, and each level lasts for one minute. At the end of each minute, exercise heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scores will be recorded. For this test, the higher the number of meters, the higher the functional capacity.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

115 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Functional capacity measured by walked distance in the ISWT at 6 months

Results posted on

2022-04-28

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Comprehensive CR
education and exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation comprehensive CR: In the comprehensive CR arm, 24 sessions education will be offered, of 30 minutes duration beyond the exercises already performed in the cardiac rehabilitation program (The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions)
Exercise-based CR
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise-based CR: The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions.
Wait List Control
no cardiac rehabilitation wait list control: No cardiac rehabilitation.
Overall Study
STARTED
37
39
39
Overall Study
COMPLETED
32
31
30
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
5
8
9

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Comprehensive CR
n=37 Participants
education and exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation comprehensive CR: In the comprehensive CR arm, 24 sessions education will be offered, of 30 minutes duration beyond the exercises already performed in the cardiac rehabilitation program (The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions)
Exercise-based CR
n=39 Participants
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise-based CR: The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions.
Wait List Control
n=39 Participants
no cardiac rehabilitation wait list control: No cardiac rehabilitation.
Total
n=115 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
60.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.8 • n=37 Participants
59.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.9 • n=39 Participants
58.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.6 • n=39 Participants
59.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.4 • n=115 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
10 Participants
n=37 Participants
11 Participants
n=39 Participants
12 Participants
n=39 Participants
33 Participants
n=115 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
27 Participants
n=37 Participants
28 Participants
n=39 Participants
27 Participants
n=39 Participants
82 Participants
n=115 Participants
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Low Education
21 Participants
n=37 Participants
33 Participants
n=39 Participants
28 Participants
n=39 Participants
82 Participants
n=115 Participants
Marital status - Married
20 Participants
n=37 Participants
27 Participants
n=39 Participants
27 Participants
n=39 Participants
74 Participants
n=115 Participants
Work status - employed
15 Participants
n=37 Participants
14 Participants
n=39 Participants
17 Participants
n=39 Participants
46 Participants
n=115 Participants
Low Monthly income
31 Participants
n=37 Participants
34 Participants
n=39 Participants
35 Participants
n=39 Participants
100 Participants
n=115 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Functional capacity measured by walked distance in the ISWT at 6 months

Population: The analyzed population was based on the threshold sessions: a minimum of 24 exercise sessions and 16 education classes. The presented results considered the Per Protocol analysis, explaining the different numbers in the flow diagram and the analyzed numbers.

The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). The ISWT consists of an incremental, walking test where participants are required to walk up and down a 10-meter course. The speed of walking, which is increased by a small increment every minute (0.17 ms-l), is externally paced and controlled by audio signals played from a tape recorder19. There are 12 levels in total, beginning with 0.5 ms-1, and each level lasts for one minute. At the end of each minute, exercise heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scores will be recorded. For this test, the higher the number of meters, the higher the functional capacity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Comprehensive CR
n=26 Participants
education and exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation comprehensive CR: In the comprehensive CR arm, 24 sessions education will be offered, of 30 minutes duration beyond the exercises already performed in the cardiac rehabilitation program (The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions)
Exercise-based CR
n=25 Participants
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise-based CR: The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions.
Wait List Control
n=30 Participants
no cardiac rehabilitation wait list control: No cardiac rehabilitation.
Functional Capacity Assessed by Changes in Total Distance Walked in the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test
488.1 meters
Standard Deviation 106.3
464.8 meters
Standard Deviation 121.6
394.0 meters
Standard Deviation 171.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Systolic blood pressure measured at 6 months

Population: The analyzed population was based on the threshold sessions: a minimum of 24 exercise sessions and 16 education classes. The presented results considered the Per Protocol analysis, explaining the different numbers in the flow diagram and the analyzed numbers.

Blood pressure was assessed using the validated 7670-06 mobile stand (Welch Allyn Inc., Skaneateles Falls, NY, USA). Mean systolic blood pressure value was recorded, and hypertension was considered where values exceed 140/90 mmHg and/or participant was taking a blood pressure-lowering medication

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Comprehensive CR
n=26 Participants
education and exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation comprehensive CR: In the comprehensive CR arm, 24 sessions education will be offered, of 30 minutes duration beyond the exercises already performed in the cardiac rehabilitation program (The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions)
Exercise-based CR
n=25 Participants
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise-based CR: The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions.
Wait List Control
n=30 Participants
no cardiac rehabilitation wait list control: No cardiac rehabilitation.
Risk Factors Measurement of Systolic Blood Pressure
114.6 mmHg
Standard Deviation 19.2
114.4 mmHg
Standard Deviation 16.3
120.0 mmHg
Standard Deviation 18.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Waist circumference measured at 6 months

Population: The analyzed population was based on the threshold sessions: a minimum of 24 exercise sessions and 16 education classes. The presented results considered the Per Protocol analysis, explaining the different numbers in the flow diagram and the analyzed numbers.

Waist circumference was assessed at the superior border of the iliac crest. Values greater than 102 cm in men and 88 cm in women were considered indicative of central obesity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Comprehensive CR
n=25 Participants
education and exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation comprehensive CR: In the comprehensive CR arm, 24 sessions education will be offered, of 30 minutes duration beyond the exercises already performed in the cardiac rehabilitation program (The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions)
Exercise-based CR
n=24 Participants
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise-based CR: The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions.
Wait List Control
n=28 Participants
no cardiac rehabilitation wait list control: No cardiac rehabilitation.
Risk Factors Measurement of Waist Circumference.
95.5 centimeters
Standard Deviation 13.4
93.0 centimeters
Standard Deviation 10.0
94.9 centimeters
Standard Deviation 9.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Glycaemia measured at 6 months

Population: The analyzed population was based on the threshold sessions: a minimum of 24 exercise sessions and 16 education classes. The presented results considered the Per Protocol analysis, explaining the different numbers in the flow diagram and the analyzed numbers. Sample size reduced because difficult to obtain the results in a reasonable time frame.

Fasting blood glucose values were extracted from center charts. Dysglycemia was considered present where fasting blood glucose exceeded 126 mg/dl and/or participant was taking a glucose-lowering medication

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Comprehensive CR
n=6 Participants
education and exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation comprehensive CR: In the comprehensive CR arm, 24 sessions education will be offered, of 30 minutes duration beyond the exercises already performed in the cardiac rehabilitation program (The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions)
Exercise-based CR
n=5 Participants
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise-based CR: The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions.
Wait List Control
n=6 Participants
no cardiac rehabilitation wait list control: No cardiac rehabilitation.
Risk Factors Measurement of Fasting Blood Glucose Values
99.8 mg/dl
Standard Deviation 20.9
98.8 mg/dl
Standard Deviation 27.3
94.2 mg/dl
Standard Deviation 10.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Cholesterol measured at 6 months.

Population: The analyzed population was based on the threshold sessions: a minimum of 24 exercise sessions and 16 education classes. The presented results considered the Per Protocol analysis, explaining the different numbers in the flow diagram and the analyzed numbers. Sample size reduced because difficult to obtain the results in a reasonable time frame.

Total cholesterol values were extracted from center charts and dyslipidemia was considered present where total cholesterol values exceeded 240 mg/dl and/or participant was on a lipid-lowering agent.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Comprehensive CR
n=7 Participants
education and exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation comprehensive CR: In the comprehensive CR arm, 24 sessions education will be offered, of 30 minutes duration beyond the exercises already performed in the cardiac rehabilitation program (The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions)
Exercise-based CR
n=7 Participants
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise-based CR: The main program is 6 months in duration, with 36 1-hour exercise sessions.
Wait List Control
n=7 Participants
no cardiac rehabilitation wait list control: No cardiac rehabilitation.
Risk Factors Measurement of Total Cholesterol Values.
150.6 mg/dl
Standard Deviation 25.4
169.3 mg/dl
Standard Deviation 51.0
153.1 mg/dl
Standard Deviation 29.8

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Measured at 6 months.

Assessed by questionnaires.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Comprehensive CR

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 1 deaths

Exercise-based CR

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Wait List Control

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 1 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Professor Raquel Britto

Federal University of Minas Gerais

Phone: +55 31 99970-4527

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place