Pharmacogenomic Decision Support With GeneSight Psychotropic to Guide the Treatment With Antipsychotics

NCT ID: NCT02573168

Last Updated: 2020-11-19

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

103 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2016-01-31

Study Completion Date

2020-09-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Antipsychotics are approved to treat several conditions, including Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder among others. The typical and atypical antipsychotics, derive their therapeutic benefit predominantly from the antagonism of dopamine D2 and 5-HT2A receptors. Many of these compounds are associated with common and significant adverse effects (e.g. weight gain, extrapyramidal symptoms, hyperprolactinemia, sexual dysfunction, and cardiac effects) which negatively impact on adherence. Today, antipsychotic induced weight gain (AIWG) is a leading cause for antipsychotic discontinuation. Importantly as well, approximately 20-30% of all patients with schizophrenia do not respond adequately to an initial antipsychotic trial, and strikingly, 83% of those who go on to a second antipsychotic trial do not meet criteria for response.

To-date, no RCT has been conducted to evaluate the outcomes in patients taking antipsychotics following the use of pharmacogenomic guidance of treatment selections. Therefore, the rationale for this trial is to utilize a double-blinded RCT design to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes in participants treated with the benefit of GEN and E-GEN testing. Furthermore, this trial also intends to develop an evidence- based case for the value of GEN and E-GEN to Canadian health-care payers.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

The primary objective for this study is to validate the clinical utility of the new Centre for Addiction in Mental Health (CAMH) antipsychotic induced weight gain (AIWG) markers and demonstrate the superior predictive capabilities of E-GEN as compared to GEN/TAU.

The second primary objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of GEN to treatment as usual (TAU) in improving response to psychotropic treatment in the subset of patients suffering from schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder.

This study is designed as a three-arm multi-centre, double-blind (participants and raters), randomized controlled trial to compare the clinical and economic outcomes of GEN, E-GEN and TAU for patients suffering from psychiatric disorders indicated for antipsychotic utilization. Participants will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to each of the three treatment arms. Recruitment will be 36-months and follow-up 12 months.

Subjects will complete short diagnostic interviews specific to their clinical diagnosis, basic metabolic measures (eg. blood pressure, weight), and provide buccal swab samples for genetic analysis (the unanalyzed buccal swabs and associated DNA will be biobanked). During the first visit, blood and urine samples will be required for laboratory panel screening and blood biobanking. Subjects will be monitored over a one year period and clinical measures and healthcare resource utilization will be obtained. Treating clinicians in the GEN and E-GEN arms will receive an easy to implement report providing pharmacogenomic guidance for prescribing psychotropic medications to their patients.

The study will recruit participants from 3 sites, stratified into 2 clusters. Chatham-Kent and Ontario Shores will form one of the stratified clusters. CAMH will constitute the second stratified cluster. The sample size required for this study was calculated for a large effect size (Cohen's d = 0.8) for weight change between treatment groups (GEN and E-GEN) and TAU. Sample size calculations are based on the weight gain differences observed between carriers and non-carriers of genetic risk markers in the CAMH discovery studies (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23). Assuming intraclass coefficient between clusters of 20%, statistical power of 80%, an alpha level of 0.05, and an expected drop-out rate of 28.3% by Week 12, a total of 90 participants (i.e., 30 per treatment arm) are required to detect the same effect in this study. Sample size calculations were determined using G\*Power (version 3.1.9.2, Germany).

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Schizophrenia Schizoaffective Disorder

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

Pharmacogenomic Pharmacogenomic Testing Pharmacogenomics Genetic Testing Genetics GeneSight Enhanced GeneSight Psychotropic

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

GeneSight Psychotropic (GEN)

The GeneSight Psychotropic (GEN) product is a pharmacogenomic decision support tool that helps clinicians to make informed, evidence-based decisions about proper drug selection. More specifically, patients are tested for clinically important genetic variants of multiple pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic genes that affect a patient's ability to metabolize, tolerate or respond to medications.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

GeneSight Psychotropic (GEN)

Intervention Type GENETIC

Patient DNA will be collected for all subjects and measured for variations in drug target genes and in drug metabolizing genes.Recommendations for optimal choices and dose adjustments for the 33 most commonly prescribed antidepressant and antipsychotic medications will be provided to subjects randomized to the GEN arm. This pharmacogenomic-based interpretive report will be provided to treating clinicians of patients in the GEN arm of the study, allowing clinicians to use the report to support their treatment decisions.

Enhanced-GeneSight Psychotropic (E-GEN)

The current GEN test lacks predictive genes for antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG), a major complication of antipsychotic drug use. Therefore, the Enhanced-GeneSight Psychotropic (E-GEN), which is an enhanced version of the GEN test, was developed by incorporating 6 new genes (represented by 7 SNPs) that are predictive for AIWG, to those used in the GEN algorithm. An increasing risk level associated with AIWG is estimated by an increasing number of risk genotypes that a given patient possesses among the 7 SNPs.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Enhanced-GeneSight Psychotropic (E-GEN)

Intervention Type GENETIC

The E-GEN test incorporates into the existing GEN product new markers that are predictive of side effect of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG). The pharmacogenomic-based interpretive report from E-GEN will be provided to treating clinicians of patients in the E-GEN arm of the study, allowing clinicians to use the report to support their treatment decisions.

Treatment as Usual (TAU)

The comparator chosen for this study provides a "real world" comparison of standard of care for patients who receive no pharmacogenomics guidance.

Patients randomized to the TAU arm will also have their DNA collected and a pharmacogenomic-based interpretive report will be generated using GEN testing. However, this report will not be shared with the treating clinicians until completion at 12 months of the study. Therefore, patients in this arm will receive clinical treatment as usual, without the use or knowledge of genotyping results by their treating clinicians.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Treatment as Usual (TAU)

Intervention Type OTHER

Subjects randomized to the TAU arm will also require collection of patient DNA. A pharmacogenomic-based interpretive report will be generated from GEN, however, this report is not provided to the treating clinician until completion of the study.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

GeneSight Psychotropic (GEN)

Patient DNA will be collected for all subjects and measured for variations in drug target genes and in drug metabolizing genes.Recommendations for optimal choices and dose adjustments for the 33 most commonly prescribed antidepressant and antipsychotic medications will be provided to subjects randomized to the GEN arm. This pharmacogenomic-based interpretive report will be provided to treating clinicians of patients in the GEN arm of the study, allowing clinicians to use the report to support their treatment decisions.

Intervention Type GENETIC

Enhanced-GeneSight Psychotropic (E-GEN)

The E-GEN test incorporates into the existing GEN product new markers that are predictive of side effect of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG). The pharmacogenomic-based interpretive report from E-GEN will be provided to treating clinicians of patients in the E-GEN arm of the study, allowing clinicians to use the report to support their treatment decisions.

Intervention Type GENETIC

Treatment as Usual (TAU)

Subjects randomized to the TAU arm will also require collection of patient DNA. A pharmacogenomic-based interpretive report will be generated from GEN, however, this report is not provided to the treating clinician until completion of the study.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

1. 18 years of age or older;
2. Suffer from schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, psychosis not otherwise specified, bipolar disorder (I, II, NOS) or major depressive disorder meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria;
3. Have moderate to severe psychiatric symptoms;
4. Intending to switch to, or start a new antipsychotic medication;:
5. Be capable and willing to provide written informed consent to participate in this study;
6. Agree to abide by the study protocol and its restrictions and be able to complete all aspects of the study, including all visits and tests.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Patients posing a serious suicidal risk and/or violence as judged by the investigator;
2. Patients with a current Axis I diagnosis of:

* Delirium
* Dementia
* Amnestic and other cognitive disorder;
3. Patients who are on restricted diets (e.g., diabetes), who have an eating restriction disorder (e.g., bulimia, anorexia), or who are undergoing weight-reducing interventions (e.g. metformin, or structured diet program).
4. Patients with a history of hypothyroidism unless taking a stable dose of thyroid medication and asymptomatic or euthyroid for 6 months;
5. Patients who meet DSM-IV-TR criteria for any significant current substance dependence;
6. Patients with:

* hepatic insufficiency (three times the upper limit of normal (ULN) for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and/or alanine aminotransferase (ALT)); liver transplant recipient; cirrhosis of the liver;
* malignancy (except basal cell carcinoma) and/or chemotherapy within 1 year prior to screening; malignancy more than 1 year prior to screening must have been local and without metastasis and/or recurrence, and if treated with chemotherapy, without nervous system complications;
* significant unstable medical condition or life threatening disease with anticipated survival of less than 6 months;
* need for therapies that may obscure the results of treatment and/or of the study
7. Participation in another clinical trial within 30 days of the screening visit;
8. Anticipated inability to attend scheduled study visits;
9. Patients who in the judgment of the Investigator may be unreliable or uncooperative with the evaluation procedure outlined in this protocol;
10. Patients with a history of prior pharmacogenomic testing;
11. Any change in psychotropic medication (including change in dosage) between screening and baseline;
12. Patients who are known to be pregnant or lactating;
13. Patients with a history of gastric bypass surgery.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health Research Institute

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Genome Canada

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

AssureRx Canada Ltd

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Assurex Health Inc.

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role collaborator

Mars Excellence in Clinical Innovation and Technology Evaluation

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Jean-Eric Tarride

PI

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Jean-Eric Tarride, PhD

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

St.Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton/Mcmaster University

James L Kennedy, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

Bryan Dechairo, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Assurex Health Inc.

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Canada

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

EXCITE-013304-ARX1010.PTL

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id