Trial Outcomes & Findings for Balance Recovery Training for Fall Prevention in Retirement Communities (NCT NCT02551666)
NCT ID: NCT02551666
Last Updated: 2020-07-14
Results Overview
maximum torso angle during a simulated trip, and be measures in degrees. Larger angles indicate worse performance.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
35 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise intervention
Results posted on
2020-07-14
Participant Flow
151 prospective subjects were assessed for eligibility. 74 failed the medical screening 28 ended up declining to participate after learning more about the study 14 were withdrawn for other reasons not related to the study 35 participants remained and were allocated to one of the two treatment groups.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
16
|
19
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
15
|
16
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
1
|
3
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
|
1
|
3
|
Baseline Characteristics
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise Intervention
n=16 Participants
Participants will perform 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants will perform Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session will be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants will practice balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants will practice recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions will last approximately 30 minutes, and will be performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
Total
n=35 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
82.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.5 • n=16 Participants
|
80.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.2 • n=19 Participants
|
81.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.4 • n=35 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
11 Participants
n=16 Participants
|
13 Participants
n=19 Participants
|
24 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
5 Participants
n=16 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=19 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
|
—
|
—
|
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
16 participants
n=16 Participants
|
19 participants
n=19 Participants
|
35 participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Body mass index (kg/m^2)
|
30.8 kg/(m^2)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.5 • n=16 Participants
|
28.6 kg/(m^2)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.3 • n=19 Participants
|
29.6 kg/(m^2)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.0 • n=35 Participants
|
|
Number of participants reporting falls with injury in the past year
|
5 participants
n=16 Participants
|
1 participants
n=19 Participants
|
6 participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Number of participants reporting 2 or more falls in the past year
|
5 participants
n=16 Participants
|
2 participants
n=19 Participants
|
7 participants
n=35 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionPopulation: participants who completed at least 9 of 12 sessions
maximum torso angle during a simulated trip, and be measures in degrees. Larger angles indicate worse performance.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 0.8 Mph
Baseline
|
18.8 degrees
Standard Deviation 9.0
|
23.9 degrees
Standard Deviation 10.6
|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 0.8 Mph
1 week post intervention
|
20.5 degrees
Standard Deviation 8.8
|
11.7 degrees
Standard Deviation 4.4
|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 0.8 Mph
1 month post intervention
|
17.5 degrees
Standard Deviation 7.1
|
13.1 degrees
Standard Deviation 5.7
|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 0.8 Mph
3 months post intervention
|
16.8 degrees
Standard Deviation 3.6
|
13.0 degrees
Standard Deviation 4.1
|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 0.8 Mph
6 months post intervention
|
18.2 degrees
Standard Deviation 7.5
|
16.2 degrees
Standard Deviation 10.5
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionPopulation: participants who completed at least 9 of 12 sessions
maximum torso angle during a simulated trip, and be measures in degrees. Larger angles indicate worse performance.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 1.6 Mph
Baseline
|
29.7 degrees
Standard Deviation 14.1
|
28.4 degrees
Standard Deviation 10.4
|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 1.6 Mph
1 week post intervention
|
29.6 degrees
Standard Deviation 12.0
|
21.7 degrees
Standard Deviation 10.8
|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 1.6 Mph
1 month post intervention
|
22.2 degrees
Standard Deviation 6.2
|
23.0 degrees
Standard Deviation 12.3
|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 1.6 Mph
3 months post intervention
|
28.8 degrees
Standard Deviation 7.8
|
26.9 degrees
Standard Deviation 16.5
|
|
Maximum Torso Angle at 1.6 Mph
6 months post intervention
|
27.1 degrees
Standard Deviation 12.5
|
24.2 degrees
Standard Deviation 9.8
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionThe reactive balance rating evaluates performance in response to six separate tests on a treadmill involving sudden acceleration of the belt to elicit a loss of balance from stance. The administrator scores as 0, 1, or 2: a) the overall effectiveness of the initial stepping response to each treadmill acceleration, and b) the amount of support provided by the harness or spotter next to the participant. These scores are then combined using a rubric to determine the overall reactive balance rating. The reactive balance rating is a score on a scale from 0 to 12 where higher scores indicates a better outcome. More details are available at: Madigan ML, Aviles J, Allin LJ, Nussbaum MA, Alexander NB. A Reactive Balance Rating Method That Correlates With Kinematics After Trip-like Perturbations on a Treadmill and Fall Risk Among Residents of Older Adult Congregate Housing. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A. 2018: 73(9): 1222-1228.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Reactive Balance Rating
Baseline
|
4.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
4.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.5
|
|
Reactive Balance Rating
1 week after intervention
|
6.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.4
|
8.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.2
|
|
Reactive Balance Rating
1 month after intervention
|
6.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.3
|
8.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.2
|
|
Reactive Balance Rating
3 months after intervention
|
7.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.4
|
8.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.2
|
|
Reactive Balance Rating
6 months after intervention
|
6.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.2
|
8.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.6
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionstep length during reactive balance trial.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Step Length at 0.8 Mph
Baseline
|
.49 meters
Standard Deviation .06
|
.51 meters
Standard Deviation .09
|
|
Step Length at 0.8 Mph
1 week post intervention
|
.44 meters
Standard Deviation .12
|
.52 meters
Standard Deviation .09
|
|
Step Length at 0.8 Mph
1 month post intervention
|
.48 meters
Standard Deviation .09
|
.51 meters
Standard Deviation .08
|
|
Step Length at 0.8 Mph
3 months post intervention
|
.50 meters
Standard Deviation .08
|
.52 meters
Standard Deviation .12
|
|
Step Length at 0.8 Mph
6 months post intervention
|
.49 meters
Standard Deviation .11
|
.53 meters
Standard Deviation .07
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionThe timed-up-and-go tests is measured in seconds. Longer times indicate worse performance.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Timed-up-and-go Test
Baseline
|
14.8 seconds
Standard Deviation 6.0
|
12.9 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.5
|
|
Timed-up-and-go Test
1 week post intervention
|
13.6 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.9
|
12.1 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.7
|
|
Timed-up-and-go Test
1 month post intervention
|
13.2 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.2
|
11.8 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.6
|
|
Timed-up-and-go Test
3 months post intervention
|
11.9 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.4
|
11.7 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.7
|
|
Timed-up-and-go Test
6 months post intervention
|
13.2 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.7
|
12.2 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.3
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionThe unipedal stance time is measured in seconds, up to a maximum of 30 seconds. Longer times indicate better performance.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Unipedal Stance Time Test
Baseline
|
4.0 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.2
|
5.7 seconds
Standard Deviation 6.4
|
|
Unipedal Stance Time Test
1 week post intervention
|
6.0 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.9
|
6.3 seconds
Standard Deviation 7.4
|
|
Unipedal Stance Time Test
1 month post intervention
|
5.3 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.5
|
7.6 seconds
Standard Deviation 10.4
|
|
Unipedal Stance Time Test
3 months post intervention
|
4.8 seconds
Standard Deviation 3.7
|
6.8 seconds
Standard Deviation 9.8
|
|
Unipedal Stance Time Test
6 month post intervention
|
8.3 seconds
Standard Deviation 8.7
|
6.5 seconds
Standard Deviation 9.7
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionMaximum step length is measured in inches. Longer maximum step length indicates better performance.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Maximum Step Length Test
Baseline
|
18.1 inches
Standard Deviation 5.2
|
20.5 inches
Standard Deviation 5.7
|
|
Maximum Step Length Test
1-week post intervention
|
18.9 inches
Standard Deviation 3.6
|
21.0 inches
Standard Deviation 3.2
|
|
Maximum Step Length Test
1-month post intervention
|
18.9 inches
Standard Deviation 5.7
|
22.5 inches
Standard Deviation 3.7
|
|
Maximum Step Length Test
3-month post intervention
|
20.7 inches
Standard Deviation 4.3
|
20.4 inches
Standard Deviation 3.2
|
|
Maximum Step Length Test
6-month post intervention
|
20.8 inches
Standard Deviation 5.0
|
20.7 inches
Standard Deviation 3.6
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionActivities-specific balance confidence scale ranges from 0 to 100. Larger values indicate more confidence (i.e. better outcome).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale
3-months post intervention
|
76.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.9
|
75.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.9
|
|
Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale
6-months post intervention
|
76.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.9
|
76.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.0
|
|
Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale
Baseline
|
76.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.3
|
74.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.1
|
|
Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale
1-week post intervention
|
79.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.4
|
76.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.8
|
|
Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale
1-month post intervention
|
78.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.8
|
78.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionThe Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment is a common clinical test for assessing a person's static and dynamic balance abilities. The test is in two short sections that contain one examining static balance, and the other gait. The section examining static balance includes 9 individual tests scored 0, 1, or 2 by the test administrator based upon their observation of the balance performance (higher is better). The section on gait includes 7 individual tests scored 0, 1, or 2 by the test administrator based upon their observation of the gait performance (higher is better). All of these individual test scores are then summed to determine the overall Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment score. The overall Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment score is on a scale from 0 to 28. Larger values indicate better mobility. Additional details are published here: Tinetti ME. Performance-oriented assessment of mobility problems in elderly patients. JAGS 1986; 34: 119-126.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)
Baseline
|
23.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.9
|
23.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.8
|
|
Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)
1-week post intervention
|
24.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.4
|
23.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
|
Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)
1-month post intervention
|
24.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.8
|
24.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.7
|
|
Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)
3-month post intervention
|
24.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.3
|
24.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.6
|
|
Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)
6-month post intervention
|
23.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.3
|
24.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.4
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionThe Berg balance test is measures that evaluates static balance and fall risk using 14 individual sub-tests. It includes static and dynamic activities of varying complexity. The test administrator scores performance on each sub-test as either a 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. All scores are sub-tests are then summed to determine the overall Berg balance test score. The Berg balance test score is on a scale from 0 to 56. Larger values indicate better balance. More information is available at: Berg, K., Wood-Dauphine, S.L. and Williams, J.L. Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument. Can. J. Public Health, 83(S2): S7-S11, 1992.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Berg Balance Test
Baseline
|
44.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.6
|
47.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.3
|
|
Berg Balance Test
1-week post intervention
|
48.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.5
|
48.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.7
|
|
Berg Balance Test
1-month post intervention
|
47.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.3
|
49.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.0
|
|
Berg Balance Test
3-month post intervention
|
48.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.5
|
49.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.8
|
|
Berg Balance Test
6-month post intervention
|
47.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.6
|
49.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.5
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after completing four weeks of exercise interventionstep length during reactive balance trial.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Tai Chi Exercise
n=16 Participants
Participants performed 30-minute Tai Chi sessions (Yang Short form) 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Tai Chi exercise: Participants performed Tai Chi exercises (Yang short form) for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Each session was be led by an experienced Tai Chi instructor.
|
Balance Recovery Training
n=19 Participants
Participants performed balance recovery on a modified treadmill for approximately 30-minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks.
Balance recovery training: Participants practiced recovering their balance after a perturbation similar to tripping while walking. Each of these 'balance recovery training' sessions lasted approximately 30 minutes, and was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Step Length at 1.6 Mph
Baseline
|
.61 meters
Standard Deviation .10
|
.56 meters
Standard Deviation .11
|
|
Step Length at 1.6 Mph
1 week post intervention
|
.56 meters
Standard Deviation .10
|
.62 meters
Standard Deviation .09
|
|
Step Length at 1.6 Mph
1 month post intervention
|
.58 meters
Standard Deviation .06
|
.60 meters
Standard Deviation .09
|
|
Step Length at 1.6 Mph
3 months post intervention
|
.64 meters
Standard Deviation .03
|
.62 meters
Standard Deviation .07
|
|
Step Length at 1.6 Mph
6 months post intervention
|
.63 meters
Standard Deviation .05
|
.61 meters
Standard Deviation .09
|
Adverse Events
Tai Chi Exercise
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Balance Recovery Training
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place