Study Results
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COMPLETED
NA
135 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2015-11-12
2021-06-25
Brief Summary
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Sleep Apnea in Multiple Sclerosis Positive Airway Pressure Trial
NCT01746342
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Detailed Description
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Up to 50% of MS patients also suffer from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Obstructive sleep apnea is a common disorder in which the upper airway collapses during sleep, causing poor sleep quality and decreased oxygen levels in the blood. In patients without MS, OSA is a well-established cause of poor cognitive performance. Recent studies of non-MS patients also suggest that cognitive performance may improve with OSA treatment. Yet, despite the high number of MS patients with OSA, the relationship between OSA and cognitive performance, and the effects of OSA treatment on cognitive performance in MS, has not received sufficient study.
The objectives of this study are to determine the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on cognitive function in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS); and to evaluate whether OSA treatment with positive airway pressure therapy could improve cognitive dysfunction in MS patients who also have OSA.
Interested participants with MS who screen positive on a commonly used screening tool used to detect those at high risk for OSA will be invited to participate. Consenting participants will have a baseline cognitive (memory and thinking) test to assess their cognitive function, and an overnight sleep study (polysomnogram, or PSG) to determine if they have obstructive sleep apnea. If the sleep study shows signs of sleep apnea, participants will be assigned treatment for their sleep apnea with positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy, either immediately (Group 1), or 3 months after the baseline sleep study (Group 2). Groups will be assigned at random (like flipping a coin). There is a 2/3 chance that participants will be assigned to Group 1. PAP therapy is considered standard clinical care for OSA. It involves wearing an apparatus that includes a hose and a mask (that covers the nose, or nose and mouth), connected to a small machine that blows air into the airway during sleep. In order to determine which airway pressure most effectively treats an individual's sleep apnea, and what type of mask is needed, a separate sleep study known as an overnight "PAP titration study" will also be performed. This study is similar to a PSG but also involves fitting of various masks which are then hooked up to the individual and PAP machine to test the effectiveness of various PAP settings, and to determine which mask is most tolerable for the individual.
Participants will also receive repeat cognitive testing at 3 months to see if the immediate sleep apnea treatment group (Group 1) shows improvements memory and thinking, as compared to the standard care treatment group (Group 2), who will not start apnea treatment until after their repeat cognitive test. Participants will be compensated for their travel and time throughout the course of the study.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
OTHER
NONE
Study Groups
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Immediate PAP therapy (Group 1)
Subjects will receive PAP treatment for OSA as soon as possible after baseline PSG and repeat baseline cognitive testing 3 months after initiation of PAP therapy. PAP therapy is considered standard clinical care for OSA. It involves wearing an apparatus that includes a hose and a mask (that covers the nose, or nose and mouth), connected to a small machine that blows air into the airway during sleep. The degree of air pressure given depends on your apnea severity, and the supplied air pressure can be continuous or change with your breathing pattern (bilevel).
PAP therapy
Positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnea
Standard Care PAP therapy (Group 2)
Subjects will delay PAP treatment for 3 months following their baseline sleep study, and repeat their baseline cognitive testing prior to PAP treatment for sleep apnea. PAP therapy is considered standard clinical care for OSA. It involves wearing an apparatus that includes a hose and a mask (that covers the nose, or nose and mouth), connected to a small machine that blows air into the airway during sleep. The degree of air pressure given depends on your apnea severity, and the supplied air pressure can be continuous or change with your breathing pattern (bilevel).
PAP therapy
Positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnea
Interventions
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PAP therapy
Positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnea
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
2. Diagnosis of clinically definite MS
3. Willingness to undergo in-lab baseline polysomnography (PSG) and positive airway pressure (PAP) titration (if needed)
4. Willingness to undergo 2 separate 90-minute cognitive testing sessions
5. Either one of the following:
Score of \>=2 sleep apnea risk factors on the "STOP-Bang" sleep apnea screening questionnaire. The STOP-Bang questionnaire is a screening tool consisting of eight items which reflect OSA risk factors. STOP-Bang scores of ≥3 indicate elevated risk for moderate-severe OSA in the general population, and scores as low as 2 are frequently seen in MS patients with OSA, based on previous data from the PI).
OR
Have a pre-existing diagnosis of OSA based on a previous overnight sleep study (either home study or in-lab) but have not yet started using PAP therapy on a compliant basis. \*If OSA was NOT diagnosed by a U-M in-lab sleep study within the past year prior to screening, subjects must be willing to get new baseline in-lab U-M PSG as part of study.
6. Willingness to start treatment with PAP if OSA present
Exclusion Criteria
2. Cardiopulmonary conditions that may increase sleep apnea risk
3. Current treatment, such as PAP, for obstructive or central sleep apnea
4. History of surgical treatment for OSA
5. Nervous system diseases other than MS that may predispose subjects to OSA (such as Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or recent stroke)
6. History of concomitant central nervous system disease that could influence cognition, such as large vessel territory stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, or Lewy body dementia
7. Concomitant systemic autoimmune disease with secondary central nervous system involvement (including CNS lupus or neurosarcoidosis).
8. Pregnancy
9. Evidence of clinical MS relapse within the last 30 days prior to enrollment
10. Systemic high dose steroid use (1 gram IV methylprednisolone daily for 3-5 days or equivalent)for an MS relapse within the last 30 days prior to enrollment
11. Unwillingness to initiate PAP therapy if clinically indicated
12. Severe depression at screening per the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) (The PHQ-8 is a brief, self-administered questionnaire that evaluates core symptoms associated with major depressive disorder. Scores range from 0 to 24 based on the frequency and severity of depressive symptoms over the previous two weeks.)
13. Anticipated initiation, dosage change, or discontinuation in medications that could, per the opinion of the investigators, influence cognitive test scores from baseline to follow-up, including MS disease modifying therapies, hypnotic agents, narcotic-based medications, benzodiazepines, antispasmodics, or 4-aminopyridine
14. ESS scores \>= 16 on baseline visit
15. Subjects with extreme OSA accompanied by signs of cardiopulmonary compromise (RDI\>60 respiratory events per hour with severe nocturnal hypoxia or unstable ECG rhythms on PSG), will be excluded unless they are randomized to immediate PAP arm
16. Any other condition or treatment that in the opinion of the investigator could affect subject safety or study eligibility
18 Years
70 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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National Multiple Sclerosis Society
OTHER
University of Michigan
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Tiffany J. Braley, MD, MS
Associate Professor, Neurology
Principal Investigators
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Tiffany Braley, MD, MS
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Michigan
Locations
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University of Michigan Medical Center
Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
Countries
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References
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Diamond BJ, DeLuca J, Kim H, Kelley SM. The question of disproportionate impairments in visual and auditory information processing in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1997 Feb;19(1):34-42. doi: 10.1080/01688639708403834.
DeLuca J, Barbieri-Berger S, Johnson SK. The nature of memory impairments in multiple sclerosis: acquisition versus retrieval. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1994 Apr;16(2):183-9. doi: 10.1080/01688639408402629.
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Canessa N, Castronovo V, Cappa SF, Aloia MS, Marelli S, Falini A, Alemanno F, Ferini-Strambi L. Obstructive sleep apnea: brain structural changes and neurocognitive function before and after treatment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 May 15;183(10):1419-26. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201005-0693OC. Epub 2010 Oct 29.
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Kroenke K, Strine TW, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Berry JT, Mokdad AH. The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population. J Affect Disord. 2009 Apr;114(1-3):163-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2008.06.026. Epub 2008 Aug 27.
Chung F, Subramanyam R, Liao P, Sasaki E, Shapiro C, Sun Y. High STOP-Bang score indicates a high probability of obstructive sleep apnoea. Br J Anaesth. 2012 May;108(5):768-75. doi: 10.1093/bja/aes022. Epub 2012 Mar 8.
Chervin RD, Malhotra RK, Burns JW. Respiratory cycle-related EEG changes during sleep reflect esophageal pressures. Sleep. 2008 Dec;31(12):1713-20. doi: 10.1093/sleep/31.12.1713.
Chervin RD, Shelgikar AV, Burns JW. Respiratory cycle-related EEG changes: response to CPAP. Sleep. 2012 Feb 1;35(2):203-9. doi: 10.5665/sleep.1622.
Braley TJ, Segal BM, Chervin RD. Obstructive sleep apnea and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2014 Feb 15;10(2):155-62. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.3442.
Brass SD, Li CS, Auerbach S. The underdiagnosis of sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2014 Sep 15;10(9):1025-31. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.4044.
Castronovo V, Canessa N, Strambi LF, Aloia MS, Consonni M, Marelli S, Iadanza A, Bruschi A, Falini A, Cappa SF. Brain activation changes before and after PAP treatment in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep. 2009 Sep;32(9):1161-72. doi: 10.1093/sleep/32.9.1161.
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Valentine TR, Kratz AL, Kaplish N, Chervin RD, Braley TJ. Sleep-disordered breathing and neurocognitive function in multiple sclerosis: Differential associations across cognitive domains. Mult Scler. 2023 Jun;29(7):832-845. doi: 10.1177/13524585231169465. Epub 2023 May 17.
Provided Documents
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Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan
Other Identifiers
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HUM00098738
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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