The Pittsburgh Vitamin D Study: Vitamin D Supplementation in Vitamin D-deficient Subjects at Risk of Lung Cancer

NCT ID: NCT02532062

Last Updated: 2018-06-26

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 10 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2016-01-31
• Study Completion Date: 2018-06-01

Brief Summary

This study aims to establish the ability of 4,000 IU oral vitamin D3 per day (in combination with a daily multivitamin) to safely convert vitamin D3-deficient subjects at increased risk of lung cancer to a vitamin D3-sufficient state, and to explore effects of vitamin D3 supplementation in this population on markers of inflammation and lung cancer risk. Current and former smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk of developing lung cancer and represent the clinical population of interest for this study.

Detailed Description

Smoking avoidance or cessation are essential to the prevention of lung cancer. However, not all smokers are able to quit smoking and, importantly, former smokers remain at increased risk of lung cancer compared to never smokers. Despite smoking prevention/cessation programs and treatment advances, lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States with more than 158,000 individuals expected to die from this disease in 2015. Effective and safe prevention strategies are expected to be more successful in reducing lung cancer deaths than treatment of established disease.

NF-kappaB (NF-kB) pathway activation underlies smoking-related inflammation and lung carcinogenesis, and those agents which suppress NF-κB signaling may have the potential to prevent lung cancer. Recent preclinical data from our group and others indicate that the active metabolite of vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], has lung cancer chemopreventive activity. Because systemic 1,25(OH)2D3 administration is complicated by its hypercalcemia-inducing properties, the investigators propose to use oral supplementation with vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) to safely achieve chemopreventive 1,25(OH)2D3 levels within the lung.

This randomized, placebo-controlled Phase IIb study aims to evaluate the ability of 4,000 IU oral vitamin D3/day (in combination with a daily multivitamin) to safely convert vitamin D3-deficient subjects at risk of lung cancer to a vitamin D3-sufficient state.

Study participants will be recruited from among Pittsburgh Lung Screening Study Extension (PLuSS-X) and PLuSS-XX participants not diagnosed with lung cancer, and from among the patient population seen by the PI of this protocol. The study consists of two stages, a screening and an intervention stage, with their own consent forms. In Stage 1 (the screening stage), the vitamin D3 status of subjects potentially eligible for participation in the intervention will be determined; in Stage 2 (the intervention stage), supplementation with oral vitamin D3 will be evaluated.

Participants who fulfill the eligibility criteria and provided signed consent for Stage 2 will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive: (A) 4,000 IU vitamin D3 plus a multivitamin (containing 400 IU vitamin D3) daily for one year, or (B) a placebo vitamin D3 pill plus a multivitamin daily for one year. Both groups will contain equal numbers of current and ex-smokers; in total 120 subjects will be randomized. To evaluate whether supplementation safely corrects vitamin D3 deficiency in this population, blood samples will be obtained at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months of intervention for evaluation of 25(OH)D3 and serum calcium. The collected blood will also be used to facilitate biomarker assessment. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) will be obtained at baseline and repeated after 12 months to determine whether supplementation has an effect on lung function. Sputum and nasal epithelium will be collected at baseline, 6 months and 12 months to facilitate biomarker assessment.

• Study Objectives Primary Objective: To establish the 12-month conversion rate (i.e., proportion of subjects whose baseline vitamin D3 deficiency is corrected after 12 months of supplementation).

Secondary Objectives: To determine the 3-month and 6-month conversion rates and examine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in current and former smokers. Additionally, to examine the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on biomarkers of lung cancer risk, inflammation, and pulmonary function.

Conditions

Deficiency of Vitamin D3; COPD

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: OTHER
• Blinding Strategy: QUADRUPLE

Study Groups

Supplementation

Participants who are assigned to the Supplementation arm will receive a vitamin D supplement containing 4,000 units of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol; capsule form) plus an oral multivitamin containing 400 units of vitamin D3 daily for a period of one year.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Cholecalciferol

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

4,000 IU, oral, once a day for one year

multivitamin

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

oral, once a day for one year

Placebo

Participants who are assigned to the Placebo arm will receive a placebo supplement plus an oral multivitamin containing 400 units of vitamin D3 daily for a period of one year.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

multivitamin

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

oral, once a day for one year

Placebo

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

oral, once a day for one year

Interventions

Cholecalciferol

4,000 IU, oral, once a day for one year

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

multivitamin

oral, once a day for one year

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Placebo

oral, once a day for one year

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Other Intervention Names

Vitamin D3

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Age ≥ 50 years old.

2. Current or ex-smoker with at least 10 pack-year history

3. COPD, GOLD II or greater (defined as FEV1/FVC <70% and FEV1 % predicted <80%)

4. 25(OH)D3 level ≤25 ng/mL

5. Willingness to comply with study guidelines.

6. Willingness to avoid alternative/additional vitamin D3 supplementation for the duration of the trial

7. Participant must understand the investigational nature of this study and sign an Independent Ethics Committee/Institutional Review Board approved written informed consent form prior to receiving any study related procedure.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Personal history of lung cancer or head and neck cancer

2. History of malabsorption syndrome (e.g., pancreatic insufficiency, celiac disease, or tropical sprue).

3. History of known thyroid disease

4. History of known sarcoid disease

5. History of known abnormalities in calcium metabolism

6. Hypercalcemia (serum calcium in excess of laboratory ULN)

7. Self-reported consumption of more than 4 alcoholic drinks per day

8. Use of anti-seizure medications phenobarbital or phenytoin, which can disrupt vitamin D metabolism

9. History of known renal dysfunction

10. History of known nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)

11. Current participation in another cancer chemoprevention study

12. Any condition which in the Investigator's opinion deems the subject an unsuitable candidate to receive study drug.

13. Inability to swallow pills.

14. Vitamin D supplementation > 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D within 30 days prior to enrollment.

15. Being pregnant

• Minimum Eligible Age: 50 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 85 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Pittsburgh

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

David O. Wilson

MD, MPH, Associate Professor of Medicine

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

David Wilson, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Pittsburgh

Locations

University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

P50CA090440

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

PRO15020031

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id