Trial Outcomes & Findings for Testing Effectiveness of a Peer-Led Intervention to Enhance Community Integration (NCT NCT02508480)
NCT ID: NCT02508480
Last Updated: 2020-04-10
Results Overview
a 29-item, 4-point scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree) assesses behaviors, thoughts and feelings that are self-stigmatizing and includes alienation, stereotype endorsement, discriminatory experiences, social withdrawal, and stigma resistance subscales. Internal consistency is .9 and test-retest reliability is .92. Lower scores are better. The scale score is the average score on the 29 items, which are scored from 1-4. Lower scores signify less internalized stigma.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
192 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatment
Results posted on
2020-04-10
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Photovoice
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
95
|
97
|
|
Overall Study
Post-Treatment Assessment
|
87
|
89
|
|
Overall Study
Three Month Follow-up
|
84
|
86
|
|
Overall Study
Six-Month Follow-Up
|
84
|
86
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
90
|
93
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
5
|
4
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Testing Effectiveness of a Peer-Led Intervention to Enhance Community Integration
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
Total
n=192 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
46.36 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.37 • n=5 Participants
|
47.48 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.86 • n=7 Participants
|
46.93 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.60 • n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Male
|
54 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
50 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
104 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Female
|
40 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
46 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
86 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Other
|
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White, non-Hispanic
|
84 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
82 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
166 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black
|
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Asian
|
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White, hispanic
|
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Multi-racial/ Other
|
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
95 participants
n=5 Participants
|
97 participants
n=7 Participants
|
192 participants
n=5 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: Participants included in analysis at each time point are those who completed the scale at that time point.
a 29-item, 4-point scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree) assesses behaviors, thoughts and feelings that are self-stigmatizing and includes alienation, stereotype endorsement, discriminatory experiences, social withdrawal, and stigma resistance subscales. Internal consistency is .9 and test-retest reliability is .92. Lower scores are better. The scale score is the average score on the 29 items, which are scored from 1-4. Lower scores signify less internalized stigma.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
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Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Change in Internalized Stigma
Baseline
|
2.18 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.40
|
2.09 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.42
|
|
Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Change in Internalized Stigma
Post-Intervention
|
2.11 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.40
|
2.05 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.45
|
|
Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Change in Internalized Stigma
3-Month follow-up
|
2.64 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.37
|
2.71 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.31
|
|
Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Change in Internalized Stigma
6-Month follow-up
|
2.08 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.41
|
2.01 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.43
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: Participants included in analysis at each time point are those who completed the scale at that time point.
is a 27-item, 4-point scale ranging from 1-4 (strongly disagree to strongly agree) measuring strategies to cope with stigma: secrecy, withdrawal, distancing, educating others, and challenging others. The average score of the items in the first three subscales will represent the index for Avoidant Coping and the average score of the items in the last two subscales - the index for Proactive Coping with Stigma. Internal consistency for subscales range: .63-.84. Lower scores are better on Avoidant Coping and higher scores are better on Proactive Coping.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
|
Approaches to Coping With Stigma, Change in Coping With Stigma
Proactive Coping- Baseline
|
2.90 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.42
|
2.93 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.47
|
|
Approaches to Coping With Stigma, Change in Coping With Stigma
Proactive Coping- Post-Intervention
|
2.87 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.39
|
2.97 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.47
|
|
Approaches to Coping With Stigma, Change in Coping With Stigma
Proactive Coping- 3-Month follow-up
|
2.06 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.49
|
1.87 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.43
|
|
Approaches to Coping With Stigma, Change in Coping With Stigma
Proactive Coping- 6-Month follow-up
|
2.86 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.48
|
2.96 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.56
|
|
Approaches to Coping With Stigma, Change in Coping With Stigma
Avoidant Coping- Baseline
|
2.53 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.33
|
2.51 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.30
|
|
Approaches to Coping With Stigma, Change in Coping With Stigma
Avoidant Coping- Post-Intervention
|
2.52 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.32
|
2.46 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.38
|
|
Approaches to Coping With Stigma, Change in Coping With Stigma
Avoidant Coping- 3-Month Follow-Up
|
2.41 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.44
|
2.31 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.56
|
|
Approaches to Coping With Stigma, Change in Coping With Stigma
Avoidant Coping- 6-Month Follow-Up
|
2.52 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.36
|
2.45 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.35
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: Participants included in the analysis at each time point are those who completed the scale at that time point.
is a 28 item, 5 point scale ranging from 0-4 (strongly disagree to strongly agree) measuring experienced and anticipated stigma. Internal consistency ranges from .85-.87 and test-retest reliability from .4 to .7. The scale score is the average score on all items. Lower scores are better.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
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The Stigma Scale, Change in Perceptions of Stigma
Baseline
|
1.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.59
|
1.81 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.61
|
|
The Stigma Scale, Change in Perceptions of Stigma
Post-Intervention
|
1.87 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.59
|
1.75 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.66
|
|
The Stigma Scale, Change in Perceptions of Stigma
3-Month follow-up
|
1.87 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.56
|
1.82 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.64
|
|
The Stigma Scale, Change in Perceptions of Stigma
6-Month follow-up
|
1.78 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.60
|
1.76 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.63
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: Participants included in the analysis at each time point are participants who completed the measure at that time point.
This is a 21 item, semi-structured interview-based, rating of an individual's psycho-social functioning and satisfaction with various life domains. The score on each item ranges from 0-6 with higher scores indicating better functioning. The subscale scores are computed based on the average score of items included. We report below on the interpersonal functioning and intrapsychic foundations subscales.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
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|---|---|---|
|
Heinrich's Quality of Life Scale-Client Version, Change in Quality of Life
Baseline-Interpersonal
|
2.79 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.06
|
2.94 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.08
|
|
Heinrich's Quality of Life Scale-Client Version, Change in Quality of Life
Post-Intervention-Interpersonal
|
2.82 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.03
|
3.10 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.13
|
|
Heinrich's Quality of Life Scale-Client Version, Change in Quality of Life
3-Month follow-up-Interpersonal
|
2.86 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.09
|
2.98 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.09
|
|
Heinrich's Quality of Life Scale-Client Version, Change in Quality of Life
6-Month follow-up-Interpersonal
|
2.98 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.99
|
3.11 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.03
|
|
Heinrich's Quality of Life Scale-Client Version, Change in Quality of Life
Baseline- Intrapsychic
|
3.35 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.96
|
3.61 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.97
|
|
Heinrich's Quality of Life Scale-Client Version, Change in Quality of Life
Post-intervention- Intrapsychic
|
3.43 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.97
|
3.42 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.91
|
|
Heinrich's Quality of Life Scale-Client Version, Change in Quality of Life
3-Month follow-up- Intrapsychic
|
3.34 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.04
|
3.34 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.91
|
|
Heinrich's Quality of Life Scale-Client Version, Change in Quality of Life
6-Month follow-up- Intrapsychic
|
3.37 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.95
|
3.39 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.87
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: Participants included in the analysis at each time point are those who completed the questionnaire at that time point.
is a 26 item instrument measuring frequency of participation and importance of various community activities (e.g., movies, library). Test-retest reliability is .7 and internal consistency is .9. Higher scores are better. We provide below the results for cumulative days of participation in the last 30 days across the 26 activities included in the measure (tcpm\_days\_participated). The possible range for this measure is 0-780.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
|
Temple University Community Participation Scale, Change in Community Participation
tcpm_days_participated- Baseline
|
51.25 Days of participation
Standard Deviation 31.74
|
54.80 Days of participation
Standard Deviation 34.74
|
|
Temple University Community Participation Scale, Change in Community Participation
tcpm_days_participated-Post-Intervention
|
47.40 Days of participation
Standard Deviation 26.81
|
48.99 Days of participation
Standard Deviation 33.96
|
|
Temple University Community Participation Scale, Change in Community Participation
tcpm_days_participated-3-Month follow-up
|
45.75 Days of participation
Standard Deviation 29.56
|
47.76 Days of participation
Standard Deviation 30.90
|
|
Temple University Community Participation Scale, Change in Community Participation
tcpm_days_participated-6-Month follow-up
|
45.10 Days of participation
Standard Deviation 26.93
|
44.17 Days of participation
Standard Deviation 29.11
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: The number analyzed at each time point represent the number who completed the assessment at that time point.
This is a 24-item scale that rates the severity of a variety of psychiatric psychotic symptoms, positive and negative symptoms on a 7-point scale of 1 (absent) to 7 (severe). The scale score is the mean of the score on all items, ranging from 1 to 7.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
|
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Change in Psychiatric Symptoms
Post-Intervention
|
1.71 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.43
|
1.80 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.43
|
|
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Change in Psychiatric Symptoms
Baseline
|
1.79 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.47
|
1.78 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.41
|
|
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Change in Psychiatric Symptoms
3-Month follow-up
|
1.77 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.42
|
1.85 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.43
|
|
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Change in Psychiatric Symptoms
6-Month follow-up
|
1.78 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.45
|
1.72 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.39
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: The participants included in analysis at each time point are those who completed the measure at that time point.
This is a 54-item, 6-point (1 to 6) measure rating wellbeing (from strongly disagree to strongly agree) including subscales of mastery, personal growth, purpose in life, self-acceptance, autonomy and positive relations with others. Internal consistency is .94. It has been successfully used with individuals with SMI. Higher scores indicate greater well-being. Each subscale score is the average of the scores on included items. We present below the scores on the self-acceptance subscale.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
|
Scales of Psychological Well-Being, Change in Well-being
Baseline
|
3.75 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.02
|
3.92 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.07
|
|
Scales of Psychological Well-Being, Change in Well-being
Post-Intervention
|
3.83 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.06
|
3.90 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.95
|
|
Scales of Psychological Well-Being, Change in Well-being
3-Month follow-up
|
3.86 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.95
|
3.81 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.04
|
|
Scales of Psychological Well-Being, Change in Well-being
6-Month follow-up
|
3.96 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 1.07
|
3.89 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.96
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: Participants included in the analysis at each time point are those who completed the measure at that timepoint.
is a 25-item, 5-point (1 to 5) scale that assesses a person's sense of recovery from mental illness across a variety of dimensions. Internal consistency is.95 and test-retest reliability is .89). The scale score is the average score on each item with higher scores indicating higher levels of recovery.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
|
Maryland Assessment of Recovery, Change in Perceptions of Recovery
Baseline
|
3.95 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.43
|
4.07 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.51
|
|
Maryland Assessment of Recovery, Change in Perceptions of Recovery
Post-Intervention
|
3.94 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.54
|
4.07 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.54
|
|
Maryland Assessment of Recovery, Change in Perceptions of Recovery
3-Month follow-up
|
3.92 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.53
|
4.05 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.48
|
|
Maryland Assessment of Recovery, Change in Perceptions of Recovery
6-Month follow-up
|
4.02 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.55
|
4.02 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.52
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, post-treatment, 3 months post-treatment, 6 months post-treatmentPopulation: The participants included in analysis at each time point are those who completed the measure at that time point.
This is a 16-item, 4 point scale (1 to 4) developed for a previous Photovoice study. Items tap aspects of a person's psychosocial functioning and recovery. Internal consistency is 0.94 and retest reliability is .79. The scale score is the average of scores on each item with higher scores indicating higher levels of recovery.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 Participants
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
|
Personal Growth and Recovery Scale, Change in Perceptions of Growth and Recovery
Baseline
|
3.31 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.58
|
3.38 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.57
|
|
Personal Growth and Recovery Scale, Change in Perceptions of Growth and Recovery
Post-Intervention
|
3.31 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.61
|
3.36 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.56
|
|
Personal Growth and Recovery Scale, Change in Perceptions of Growth and Recovery
3-Month follow-up
|
3.32 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.6
|
3.36 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.58
|
|
Personal Growth and Recovery Scale, Change in Perceptions of Growth and Recovery
6-Month follow-up
|
3.38 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.57
|
3.43 Score on a scale.
Standard Deviation 0.55
|
Adverse Events
Photovoice
Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 1 deaths
Enhanced Control
Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 2 deaths
Serious adverse events
| Measure |
Photovoice
n=95 participants at risk
Participants in this arm will attend a 10-week peer-led Photovoice program conducted in group format.
Photovoice: The 10-session, peer-led Photovoice program, designed to empower individuals with SMI to confront public prejudice and discrimination and reduce personal stigma (self-stigma and perceived stigma), was developed and pilot tested at our Center, with primary contributions from staff with a lived experience of mental illness.
In the Photovoice sessions, participants will be given a workbook titled Combating Prejudice and Discrimination through Photovoice Empowerment. Peer leaders will facilitate discussions based on topics in the workbook. Participants will be given cameras and guidance on taking pictures and writing narratives descriptions about the pictures, specifically the ways in which the pictures relate to experiences of prejudice and discrimination.
|
Enhanced Control
n=97 participants at risk
Participants in this arm will attend a 60-minute peer-led group discussion on stigma and discrimination, and be eligible to participate in the 10-week Photovoice program after completing all study assessments.
Enhanced Control: The control SAU condition will be enhanced with a 60-minute peer-led manualized educational group session. It will provide participants with information about the nature of stigma and the laws in the U.S. that protect people with disabilities from discrimination. Participants will be engaged in a discussion about their use of different strategies for proactive coping with psychiatric stigma. This session will be co-led by the same peers who will be delivering the Photovoice program to the experimental group at relevant wave and study sites. Participants randomized to the enhanced Services as Usual control condition will be invited to join a Photovoice group once they complete the final 6-month fo
|
|---|---|---|
|
General disorders
Death
|
1.1%
1/95 • Number of events 1 • Adverse event data were collected over the course of study participation for each individual enrolled, which was 9 months.
|
2.1%
2/97 • Number of events 2 • Adverse event data were collected over the course of study participation for each individual enrolled, which was 9 months.
|
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place