Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE1/PHASE2
40 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2015-02-10
2017-01-19
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Determine the fate of selenium supplements in feces, urine and blood through a new Phase I/II clinical trial pharmacodynamics study in Bangladesh. This will include conventional analysis of feces, urine and blood samples, tracing the fate of selenium by administering isotopically enriched 77Se (a naturally occurring non-radioactive stable isotope). The use of 77Se will allow us to discriminate between endogenous selenium already in the bodies of the trial participants (patients) from the administered selenium given to the patients.
Clinical Trial Hypotheses:
* In a group of patients exhibiting symptoms of arsenicosis (chronic low-level arsenic poisoning), a single, elevated dose of anhydrous sodium selenite leads to excretion of arsenic at levels significantly higher than patients receiving placebo.
* In the selenite-supplemented (treatment) group, the total arsenic excreted is significantly higher than that consumed in the diet and drinking water.
* In the treatment group, selenium co-excreting with arsenic originates from the administered selenium supplement, rather than from endogenous selenium.
* The ratio of arsenic to selenium in the feces, urine and blood of the treatment group following administration of the selenium supplement is approximately 1:1, consistent with the formation of the discrete molecular entity, the seleno bis-S-glutathionyl arsinium anion discovered in the investigators' earlier animal experiments.
The process to be followed:
A tightly controlled Phase I/II clinical trial in Bangladesh to prove that selenium can remove arsenic from victims' bodies. 40 volunteer arsenicosis sufferers will be housed in a local private in-patient clinic for 10 consecutive days. While in the clinic, they will follow a fixed, communal diet consisting of drinking water and meals from their village. On the 6th day in the clinic investigators will give a single dose of either placebo (table salt, 0.8 mg) or anhydrous sodium selenite (0.8 mg selenium) labelled with a non-radioactive naturally occurring isotope (77Se), to distinguish it from selenium already in the body. Placebo and anhydrous sodium selenite look similar and taste very much alike. Placebo or anhydrous sodium selenite will be supplied in a powdered form at the bottom of a glass and diluted by 100 ml of purified water immediately before being ingested by participants under close control by the clinical staff. The investigators will analyze arsenic and selenium levels in feces, urine and blood samples before and after the dose, and will use molecular speciation analyses to determine their chemical form in blood, urine and feces. Also, investigators will analyze arsenic and selenium levels in finger- and toenails and hair at the beginning of the trial as a possible biomarker of As exposure.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
BASIC_SCIENCE
TRIPLE
Study Groups
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Treatment
Drug: Anhydrous selenite (Se-77), single dose 0.8mg, orally administered as a 100 ml purified water solution
Anhydrous selenite
40 volunteer sufferers will be housed in a local private in-patient clinic where they will follow a fixed, communal diet consisting of drinking water and meals from their village. On a 6th day we will give a single dose of placebo (sodium chloride) or anhydrous sodium selenite (0.8mg selenium) labelled with a non-radioactive naturally occurring isotope (77Se), to distinguish it from selenium already in the body.
Control
Drug: Placebo sodium chloride (table salt), orally administered as a 100 ml purified water solution
Sodium chloride
40 volunteer sufferers will be housed in a local private in-patient clinic where they will follow a fixed, communal diet consisting of drinking water and meals from their village. On a 6th day we will give a single dose of placebo (sodium chloride) or anhydrous sodium selenite (0.8mg selenium) labelled with a non-radioactive naturally occurring isotope (77Se), to distinguish it from selenium already in the body.
Interventions
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Anhydrous selenite
40 volunteer sufferers will be housed in a local private in-patient clinic where they will follow a fixed, communal diet consisting of drinking water and meals from their village. On a 6th day we will give a single dose of placebo (sodium chloride) or anhydrous sodium selenite (0.8mg selenium) labelled with a non-radioactive naturally occurring isotope (77Se), to distinguish it from selenium already in the body.
Sodium chloride
40 volunteer sufferers will be housed in a local private in-patient clinic where they will follow a fixed, communal diet consisting of drinking water and meals from their village. On a 6th day we will give a single dose of placebo (sodium chloride) or anhydrous sodium selenite (0.8mg selenium) labelled with a non-radioactive naturally occurring isotope (77Se), to distinguish it from selenium already in the body.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
1. healthy adult (18-65 years of age) male Bangladeshi volunteers from Laksam Upazila,
2. who are exposed to arsenic through their normal source of drinking water;
3. who are otherwise healthy except that show some signs of chronic arsenic toxicity (arsenicosis);
4. have not consumed selenium-containing supplements with last 6 months;
5. not concurrently participating or have participated in any other clinical trial within at least 30 days of registration to the current trial.
Exclusion Criteria
2. Prior clinical trial, recruits will undertake a medical examination by physician. Since chronic kidney disease and alcoholic and viral cirrhosis are common in rural Bangladesh and both conditions might impact selenium and arsenic metabolism, recruits will also be screened through a baseline CMP (Comprehensive Metabolic Panel) , CBC (Complete Blood Count), and INR (International Normalized Ratio of Prothrombin Time as Liver Function Test) panel. Evidence or history of significant hematologic, renal, endocrine, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hepatic, psychiatric, musculoskeletal, immunologic, neurologic or dermatologic disease (including drug allergies that are clinically significant) which, by opinion of investigators, could pose a risk to the safety of the individual or the valid conduct of the study will exclude recruits from the participation.
3. Current evidence of or history of cancer; evidence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection upon serological testing; evidence of active communicable disease or febrile illness (e.g., bronchopulmonary, urinary or gastrointestinal) within 7 days prior to study will exclude recruits from participation.
18 Years
65 Years
MALE
Yes
Sponsors
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University of Chicago
OTHER
University of Calgary
OTHER
University of Alberta
OTHER
Emory University
OTHER
Wagner College, Staten Island, NY, USA
UNKNOWN
Applied Speciation and Consulting LLC, WA, USA
UNKNOWN
University of Saskatchewan
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Graham George
Ph.D.
Principal Investigators
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Graham N George, D.Phil.
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Saskatchewan
Locations
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Unity Hospital Pvt LTD
Lākshām, Comilla, Bangladesh
Countries
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References
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Gailer J, George GN, Pickering IJ, Prince RC, Younis HS, Winzerling JJ. Biliary excretion of [(GS)(2)AsSe](-) after intravenous injection of rabbits with arsenite and selenate. Chem Res Toxicol. 2002 Nov;15(11):1466-71. doi: 10.1021/tx025538s.
Manley SA, George GN, Pickering IJ, Glass RS, Prenner EJ, Yamdagni R, Wu Q, Gailer J. The seleno bis(S-glutathionyl) arsinium ion is assembled in erythrocyte lysate. Chem Res Toxicol. 2006 Apr;19(4):601-7. doi: 10.1021/tx0503505.
Prince RC, Gailer J, Gunson DE, Turner RJ, George GN, Pickering IJ. Strong poison revisited. J Inorg Biochem. 2007 Nov;101(11-12):1891-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.06.008. Epub 2007 Jun 13.
Carew MW, Leslie EM. Selenium-dependent and -independent transport of arsenic by the human multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2): implications for the mutual detoxification of arsenic and selenium. Carcinogenesis. 2010 Aug;31(8):1450-5. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgq125. Epub 2010 Jun 27.
Other Identifiers
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Grand Challenges Canada/7315
Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT
Identifier Source: secondary_id
14-284
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id