Trial Outcomes & Findings for Cardioprotective Activities Of Whole Eggs On Vascular Endothelial Function In Prediabetic Adults (NCT NCT02364570)
NCT ID: NCT02364570
Last Updated: 2019-05-03
Results Overview
Flow mediated dilation (FMD) evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate FMD area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in FMD from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (FMD 0 min- 0 min, FMD 30 min-0 min, FMD 60 min-0 min, etc)
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
20 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Area under the curve of brachial artery FMD for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)
Results posted on
2019-05-03
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Glucose, Then Whole Egg, Then Egg White, Then Egg Yolk
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Glucose, Then Egg White, Then Whole Egg, Then Egg Yolk
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Glucose, Then Egg Yolk, Then Egg White, Then Whole Egg
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Glucose, Then Egg Yolk, Then Whole Egg, Then Egg White
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Glucose, Then Whole Egg, Then Egg Yolk, Then Egg White
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Glucose, Then Egg White, Then Egg Yolk, Then Whole Egg
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Whole Egg, Then Egg White, Then Egg Yolk, Then Glucose
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Whole Egg, Then Egg Yolk, Then Egg White, Then Glucose
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Whole Egg, Then Glucose, Then Egg Yolk, Then Egg White
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Egg White, Then Glucose, Then Whole Egg, Then Egg Yolk
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Egg White, Then Egg Yolk, Then Whole Egg, Then Glucose
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Whole Egg, Then Glucose, Then Egg White, Then Egg Yolk
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Egg Yolk, Then Egg White, Then Whole Egg, Then Glucose
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Egg Yolk, Then Whole Egg, Then Glucose, Then Egg White
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Egg Yolk, Then Glucose, Then Egg White, Then Whole Egg
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
|
Egg Yolk, Then Egg White, Then Glucose, Then Whole Egg
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g), or glucose (75 g) + 1.5 cooked whole eggs, or glucose (75 g) + 7 egg whites, or glucose (75 g) + 2 egg yolks. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal.
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Overall Study
STARTED
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Overall Study
COMPLETED
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Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
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Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
All Study Participants
n=20 Participants
All study participants received all 4 interventions in a randomized order (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, Glucose with Whole Eggs, Glucose with Egg Whites, Glucose with Egg Yolks). We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion of the test meal at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
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|---|---|
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Age, Categorical
<=18 years
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0 Participants
n=20 Participants
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Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
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20 Participants
n=20 Participants
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Age, Categorical
>=65 years
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0 Participants
n=20 Participants
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Age, Continuous
|
31.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.5 • n=20 Participants
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Sex: Female, Male
Female
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0 Participants
n=20 Participants
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Sex: Female, Male
Male
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20 Participants
n=20 Participants
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Region of Enrollment
United States
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20 participants
n=20 Participants
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Body Mass Index
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31.1 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.5 • n=20 Participants
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Fasting Glucose
|
6.0 mmol/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.4 • n=20 Participants
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Total Cholesterol
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5.0 mmol/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.6 • n=20 Participants
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Insulin
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144.8 pmol/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.8 • n=20 Participants
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Triglyceride
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1.5 mmol/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.6 • n=20 Participants
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HDL Cholesterol
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0.64 mmol/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.16 • n=20 Participants
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LDL Cholesterol
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3.7 mmol/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.8 • n=20 Participants
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Systolic Blood Pressure
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123 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6 • n=20 Participants
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Diastolic Blood Pressure
|
72 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.6 • n=20 Participants
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PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve of brachial artery FMD for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)Flow mediated dilation (FMD) evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate FMD area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in FMD from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (FMD 0 min- 0 min, FMD 30 min-0 min, FMD 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Vascular Endothelial Function
|
-294.4 %FMD*min
Standard Error 41.35
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-152.9 %FMD*min
Standard Error 36.9
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-102.9 %FMD*min
Standard Error 34.31
|
-361.6 %FMD*min
Standard Error 48.55
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for plasma glucose for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)Glucose concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate glucose area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in glucose from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (glucose 0 min- 0 min, glucose 30 min-0 min, glucose 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Glucose
|
461.9 mmol/L*min
Standard Error 77.78
|
247.5 mmol/L*min
Standard Error 52.67
|
296.1 mmol/L*min
Standard Error 61.16
|
390.6 mmol/L*min
Standard Error 51.13
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under curve of MDA for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 min)MDA concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate MDAarea under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in MDA from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (MDA 0 min- 0 min, MDA 30 min-0 min, MDA 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Oxidative Stress Biomarker (Malondialdehyde; MDA)
|
52.97 umol/L*min
Standard Error 8.674
|
16.51 umol/L*min
Standard Error 8.978
|
30.04 umol/L*min
Standard Error 4.996
|
59.2 umol/L*min
Standard Error 3.728
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for plasma insulin for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)Insulin concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate insulin area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in insulin from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (Insulin 0 min- 0 min, insulin 30 min-0 min, insulin 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Insulin
|
99433 mmol/L*min
Standard Error 14623
|
73970 mmol/L*min
Standard Error 14917
|
72645 mmol/L*min
Standard Error 15709
|
79235 mmol/L*min
Standard Error 16634
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes)CCK concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate CCK area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in CCK from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (CCK 0 min- 0 min, CCK 30 min-0 min, CCK 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
|
-254.018 pmol/L*min
Standard Error 54.122
|
93.659 pmol/L*min
Standard Error 72.540
|
-29.193 pmol/L*min
Standard Error 80.656
|
-150.550 pmol/L*min
Standard Error 78.186
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for methylglyoxal for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)MGO concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate MGO area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in MGO from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (MGO 0 min- 0 min, MGO 30 min-0 min, MGO 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Methylglyoxal (MGO)
|
2318.9 nmol/L*min
Standard Error 394.61
|
1807.4 nmol/L*min
Standard Error 264.49
|
1742.3 nmol/L*min
Standard Error 244.57
|
2611.8 nmol/L*min
Standard Error 229.58
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)8-isoprostaglandin-F2a concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (8-isoprostaglandin-F2a 0 min- 0 min, 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a 30 min-0 min, 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
8-isoprostaglandin-F2a
|
767110 pmol/L*min
Standard Error 187143
|
306758 pmol/L*min
Standard Error 185617
|
39117 pmol/L*min
Standard Error 90562
|
718932 pmol/L*min
Standard Error 199003
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for arachidonic acid for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)Arachidonic acid concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate arachidonic acid area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in arachidonic acid from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (arachidonic acid 0 min- 0 min, arachidonic acid 30 min-0 min, arachidonic acid 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Arachidonic Acid (AA)
|
-4771.6 umol/L*min
Standard Error 2971.8
|
-6408.8 umol/L*min
Standard Error 2519.3
|
-6109.1 umol/L*min
Standard Error 3093.4
|
-10354 umol/L*min
Standard Error 3273.3
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a/arachidonic acid for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)8-isoprostaglandin-F2a/arachidonic acid concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a/arachidonic acid area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a/arachidonic acid from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (8-isoprostaglandin-F2a/arachidonic acid 0 min- 0 min, 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a/arachidonic acid 30 min-0 min, 8-isoprostaglandin-F2a/arachidonic acid 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
8-isoprostaglandin-F2a/Arachidonic Acid
|
1254.6 (pmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 263.54
|
435.70 (pmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 141.32
|
538.81 (pmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 100.61
|
1151.2 (pmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 255.58
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for NOx for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)Biomarker of nitric oxide homeostasis is based on the assessment of total nitrite and nitrate concentrations. Changes relative to baseline were used to calculate area under the curve of total nitric oxide metabolites from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in nitric oxide homeostasis from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (NOx 0 min- 0 min, NOx 30 min-0 min, NOx 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Nitric Oxide Metabolites (Nitrites/Nitrates) (NOx)
|
-1213.9 umol/L*min
Standard Error 231.31
|
-39.71 umol/L*min
Standard Error 277.07
|
-245.34 umol/L*min
Standard Error 225.96
|
607.12 umol/L*min
Standard Error 315.01
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for arginine for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)Arginine concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate arginine area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in arginine from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (arginine 0 min- 0 min, arginine 30 min-0 min, arginine 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Arginine (Arg)
|
-3645.2 umol/L*min
Standard Error 313.94
|
-1714.4 umol/L*min
Standard Error 227.65
|
503.67 umol/L*min
Standard Error 506.09
|
-1472.5 umol/L*min
Standard Error 407.00
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for ADMA/Arg for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)ADMA/Arg concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate ADMA/Arg area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in ADMA/Arg from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (ADMA/Arg 0 min- 0 min, ADMA/Arg 30 min-0 min, ADMA/Arg 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine/Arginine (ADMA/Arg)
|
195.86 (nmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 29.75
|
59.30 (nmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 22.83
|
-44.04 (nmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 21.57
|
118.62 (nmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 23.36
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for SDMA/Arg for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)SDMA/Arg concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate SDMA/Arg area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in SDMA/Arg from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (SDMA/Arg 0 min- 0 min, SDMA/Arg 30 min-0 min, SDMA/Arg 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Symmetric Dimethylarginine/Arginine (SDMA/Arg)
|
178.48 (nmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 17.19
|
62.43 (nmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 17.50
|
-37.95 (nmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 18.72
|
86.03 (nmol/L)/(umol/L)*min
Standard Error 11.88
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for angiotensin-II for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)Angiotensin-II concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate angiotensin-II area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in angiotensin-II from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (angiotensin-II 0 min- 0 min, angiotensin-II 30 min-0 min, angiotensin-II 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Angiotensin-II
|
1223.0 pg/mL*min
Standard Error 146.47
|
292.45 pg/mL*min
Standard Error 55.01
|
316.19 pg/mL*min
Standard Error 51.09
|
341.89 pg/mL*min
Standard Error 59.04
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Area under the curve for endothelin-I for 3 hours (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min)Endothelin-I concentrations evaluated on the basis as change from baseline to calculate endothelin-I area under the curve from 0-180 min, i.e. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of change from baseline in endothelin-I from 0 min to 180 min (i.e., AUC (endothelin-I 0 min- 0 min, endothelin-I 30 min-0 min, endothelin-I 60 min-0 min, etc)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (100 g). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (100g): Ingestion of glucose (100g)
|
Glucose With Whole Eggs
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 1.5 whole eggs (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Whole Eggs: Ingestion of 1.5 whole eggs
|
Glucose With Egg Whites
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 7 egg whites (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Whites: Ingestion of 7 egg whites
|
Glucose With Egg Yolks
n=20 Participants
We will perform fasting measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using ultrasound, and draw a blood sample, prior to administration of the test meal. Following these baseline measurements, participants will ingest glucose (75 g) with 2 egg yolks (cooked). FMD will be performed intermittently post-ingestion at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Blood samples will be collected at 0 min (immediately prior to eating) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes following the ingestion of the meal. After each blood sample is obtained, the catheter will be flushed with saline in order to prevent the formation of clots and to minimize the likelihood of having to insert a needle again. Subjects will remain supine in a comfortable position for the entire duration of the test.
Glucose (75g): Ingestion of glucose (75g)
Egg Yolks: Ingestion of 2 egg yolks
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Endothelin-I
|
27.08 pg/mL*min
Standard Error 7.03
|
-13.29 pg/mL*min
Standard Error 10.32
|
-1.97 pg/mL*min
Standard Error 11.29
|
5.59 pg/mL*min
Standard Error 10.08
|
Adverse Events
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Glucose With Whole Eggs
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Glucose With Egg Whites
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Glucose With Egg Yolks
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place