Protracted Effect of the Ultrasound-guided Saphenous Block
NCT ID: NCT02346110
Last Updated: 2016-02-12
Study Results
Results pending
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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Recruitment Status
COMPLETED
Clinical Phase
PHASE4
Total Enrollment
40 participants
Study Classification
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Start Date
2015-04-30
Study Completion Date
2016-02-29
Brief Summary
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This study focuses on optimizing the postoperative pain treatment after major foot and ankle surgery by prolonging the duration of the ultrasound-guided saphenous block. The currently used single shot saphenous block only covers half of the pain intensive period from the saphenous territory, which results in a sharp, break-through pain requiring opioids. The hypothesis is that this protracted mixture will keep the patients free of pain without the use of opioids for the entire pain intensive period and thus increase rehabilitation and patients' satisfaction.
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Detailed Description
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Half of the patients will receive a single shot saphenous block with 10 mL bupivacaine-adrenalin and 1 mL of sodium chloride solution, while the other half will receive 10 mL of bupivacaine-adrenalin and 1 mL of dexamethasone.
The block is strictly a sensory block because it is a selective, sub-sartorial saphenous block at mid-thigh level without any anesthetic effect on the femoral nerve.
The adjuvant dexamethasone has increasingly become a subject of interest regarding a protracted effect, which has been shown in several studies. However, the precise mechanism of action remains speculative, and the results are contradictory regarding the discussion whether the effect is systemic or local. The effect may stem from decreased nociceptive C-fibre activity via a direct action on glucocorticoid receptors and inhibitory potassium channels. Another suggestion is a vasoconstrictive effect, which reduces the systemic uptake of local anaesthetics or a systemic anti-inflammatory effect.
Prolonging the effect of the single shot saphenous block by adding dexamethasone will reduce the need for opioids, which will reduce the risk of adverse effects like nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression. Furthermore, newer studies show that inadequate pain alleviation in the early postoperative period is a risk factor in developing chronic persistent pain.
The block is strictly a sensory block because it is a selective, sub-sartorial saphenous block at mid-thigh level without any anesthetic effect on the femoral nerve.
The adjuvant dexamethasone has increasingly become a subject of interest regarding a protracted effect, which has been shown in several studies. However, the precise mechanism of action remains speculative, and the results are contradictory regarding the discussion whether the effect is systemic or local. The effect may stem from decreased nociceptive C-fibre activity via a direct action on glucocorticoid receptors and inhibitory potassium channels. Another suggestion is a vasoconstrictive effect, which reduces the systemic uptake of local anaesthetics or a systemic anti-inflammatory effect.
Prolonging the effect of the single shot saphenous block by adding dexamethasone will reduce the need for opioids, which will reduce the risk of adverse effects like nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression. Furthermore, newer studies show that inadequate pain alleviation in the early postoperative period is a risk factor in developing chronic persistent pain.
Conditions
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Arthrosis, Unspecified, Ankle and Foot
Study Design
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Allocation Method
RANDOMIZED
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Primary Study Purpose
PREVENTION
Blinding Strategy
QUADRUPLE
Participants
Caregivers
Investigators
Outcome Assessors
Study Groups
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Bupivacaine-adrenalin + sodium chloride
Single shot saphenous block:
10 mL of 5 mg/mL bupivacaine with 5 μg/mL adrenalin = 50 mg bupivacain and 50 μg adrenalin
1 mL sodium chloride solution
Group Type
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Bupivacaine-adrenaline
Intervention Type
DRUG
50 mg bupivacaine and 50 μg adrenalin
Sodium chloride
Intervention Type
OTHER
1 mL of sodium chloride solution as placebo
Bupivacaine-adrenaline + Dexamethasone
Single shot saphenous block:
10 mL of 5 mg/mL bupivacaine with 5 μg/mL adrenalin = 50 mg bupivacain and 50 μg adrenalin
1 mL of 4 mg/mL dexamethasone = 4 mg dexamethasone
Group Type
EXPERIMENTAL
Bupivacaine-adrenaline
Intervention Type
DRUG
50 mg bupivacaine and 50 μg adrenalin
Dexamethasone
Intervention Type
DRUG
4 mg
Interventions
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Bupivacaine-adrenaline
50 mg bupivacaine and 50 μg adrenalin
Intervention Type
DRUG
Dexamethasone
4 mg
Intervention Type
DRUG
Sodium chloride
1 mL of sodium chloride solution as placebo
Intervention Type
OTHER
Other Intervention Names
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Marcain-adrenalin
Dexagalen
NaCL
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Elective ankle or hind foot surgery either: (1) total ankle arthroplasty, (2) ankle arthrodesis or (3) subtalar arthrodesis
* Age ≥ 18
* American Society of Anaesthesiology Classification I-III
* Informed consent both orally and in writing after the patient has fully understood the protocol and its limitations.
* Age ≥ 18
* American Society of Anaesthesiology Classification I-III
* Informed consent both orally and in writing after the patient has fully understood the protocol and its limitations.
Exclusion Criteria
* Communication problems or dementia
* Allergies to any medical product used in the study
* Neuropathy of the sciatic or femoral nerve prior to the operation
* Morbus Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, diabetic neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease
* BMI \> 35
* Pregnancy
* Daily use of opioids
* Coagulation disorders
* Infection at the site of injection or systemic infection
* Allergies to any medical product used in the study
* Neuropathy of the sciatic or femoral nerve prior to the operation
* Morbus Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, diabetic neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease
* BMI \> 35
* Pregnancy
* Daily use of opioids
* Coagulation disorders
* Infection at the site of injection or systemic infection
Minimum Eligible Age
18 Years
Maximum Eligible Age
80 Years
Eligible Sex
ALL
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Sponsors
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University of Aarhus
OTHER
Sponsor Role
lead
Responsible Party
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Responsibility Role
SPONSOR
Principal Investigators
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Thomas Fichtner Bendtsen, MD, phD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Department of Anesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital
Locations
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Department of Anesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital
Aarhus, Central Jutland, Denmark
Site Status
Countries
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Denmark
References
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Clendenen SR, Whalen JL. Saphenous nerve innervation of the medial ankle. Local Reg Anesth. 2013 Mar 6;6:13-6. doi: 10.2147/LRA.S42603. Print 2013.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Joshi GP, Ogunnaike BO. Consequences of inadequate postoperative pain relief and chronic persistent postoperative pain. Anesthesiol Clin North Am. 2005 Mar;23(1):21-36. doi: 10.1016/j.atc.2004.11.013.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Blumenthal S, Borgeat A, Neudorfer C, Bertolini R, Espinosa N, Aguirre J. Additional femoral catheter in combination with popliteal catheter for analgesia after major ankle surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2011 Mar;106(3):387-93. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeq365. Epub 2010 Dec 17.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Cepeda MS, Farrar JT, Baumgarten M, Boston R, Carr DB, Strom BL. Side effects of opioids during short-term administration: effect of age, gender, and race. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Aug;74(2):102-12. doi: 10.1016/S0009-9236(03)00152-8.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
White PF, Issioui T, Skrivanek GD, Early JS, Wakefield C. The use of a continuous popliteal sciatic nerve block after surgery involving the foot and ankle: does it improve the quality of recovery? Anesth Analg. 2003 Nov;97(5):1303-1309. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000082242.84015.D4.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Richman JM, Liu SS, Courpas G, Wong R, Rowlingson AJ, McGready J, Cohen SR, Wu CL. Does continuous peripheral nerve block provide superior pain control to opioids? A meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2006 Jan;102(1):248-57. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000181289.09675.7D.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Ya Deau JT, Wukovits BU, LaSala VR, Jules-Elysee KM, Paroli L, Kahn RL, Levine DS, Lipnitsky JY. Similar analgesic effect after popliteal fossa nerve blockade with 0.375% and 0.75% bupivacaine. HSS J. 2007 Sep;3(2):173-6. doi: 10.1007/s11420-007-9052-5.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Borgeat A, Blumenthal S, Lambert M, Theodorou P, Vienne P. The feasibility and complications of the continuous popliteal nerve block: a 1001-case survey. Anesth Analg. 2006 Jul;103(1):229-33, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000221462.87951.8d.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Jaeger P, Zaric D, Fomsgaard JS, Hilsted KL, Bjerregaard J, Gyrn J, Mathiesen O, Larsen TK, Dahl JB. Adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block for analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blind study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013 Nov-Dec;38(6):526-32. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000015.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kwofie MK, Shastri UD, Gadsden JC, Sinha SK, Abrams JH, Xu D, Salviz EA. The effects of ultrasound-guided adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block on quadriceps strength and fall risk: a blinded, randomized trial of volunteers. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013 Jul-Aug;38(4):321-5. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e318295df80.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Jaeger P, Nielsen ZJ, Henningsen MH, Hilsted KL, Mathiesen O, Dahl JB. Adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block and quadriceps strength: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology. 2013 Feb;118(2):409-15. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318279fa0b.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Bendtsen TF, Moriggl B, Chan V, Pedersen EM, Borglum J. Defining adductor canal block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2014 May-Jun;39(3):253-4. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000052. No abstract available.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Chen J, Lesser J, Hadzic A, Resta-Flarer F. The importance of the proximal saphenous nerve block for foot and ankle surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013 Jul-Aug;38(4):372. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e318295596a. No abstract available.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Forster JG, Rosenberg PH. Clinically useful adjuvants in regional anaesthesia. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2003 Oct;16(5):477-86. doi: 10.1097/00001503-200310000-00007.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Choi S, Rodseth R, McCartney CJ. Effects of dexamethasone as a local anaesthetic adjuvant for brachial plexus block: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Br J Anaesth. 2014 Mar;112(3):427-39. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet417. Epub 2014 Jan 10.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Movafegh A, Razazian M, Hajimaohamadi F, Meysamie A. Dexamethasone added to lidocaine prolongs axillary brachial plexus blockade. Anesth Analg. 2006 Jan;102(1):263-7. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000189055.06729.0a.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Albrecht E, Kern C, Kirkham KR. A systematic review and meta-analysis of perineural dexamethasone for peripheral nerve blocks. Anaesthesia. 2015 Jan;70(1):71-83. doi: 10.1111/anae.12823. Epub 2014 Aug 14.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Desmet M, Braems H, Reynvoet M, Plasschaert S, Van Cauwelaert J, Pottel H, Carlier S, Missant C, Van de Velde M. I.V. and perineural dexamethasone are equivalent in increasing the analgesic duration of a single-shot interscalene block with ropivacaine for shoulder surgery: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Sep;111(3):445-52. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet109. Epub 2013 Apr 15.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kawanishi R, Yamamoto K, Tobetto Y, Nomura K, Kato M, Go R, Tsutsumi YM, Tanaka K, Takeda Y. Perineural but not systemic low-dose dexamethasone prolongs the duration of interscalene block with ropivacaine: a prospective randomized trial. Local Reg Anesth. 2014 Apr 5;7:5-9. doi: 10.2147/LRA.S59158. eCollection 2014.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Cummings KC 3rd, Napierkowski DE, Parra-Sanchez I, Kurz A, Dalton JE, Brems JJ, Sessler DI. Effect of dexamethasone on the duration of interscalene nerve blocks with ropivacaine or bupivacaine. Br J Anaesth. 2011 Sep;107(3):446-53. doi: 10.1093/bja/aer159. Epub 2011 Jun 14.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Vieira PA, Pulai I, Tsao GC, Manikantan P, Keller B, Connelly NR. Dexamethasone with bupivacaine increases duration of analgesia in ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus blockade. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010 Mar;27(3):285-8. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e3283350c38.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Rahangdale R, Kendall MC, McCarthy RJ, Tureanu L, Doty R Jr, Weingart A, De Oliveira GS Jr. The effects of perineural versus intravenous dexamethasone on sciatic nerve blockade outcomes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2014 May;118(5):1113-9. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000137.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Shrestha BR, Maharjan SK, Tabedar S. Supraclavicular brachial plexus block with and without dexamethasone - a comparative study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2003 Jul-Sep;1(3):158-60.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Parrington SJ, O'Donnell D, Chan VW, Brown-Shreves D, Subramanyam R, Qu M, Brull R. Dexamethasone added to mepivacaine prolongs the duration of analgesia after supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010 Sep-Oct;35(5):422-6. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181e85eb9.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Tandoc MN, Fan L, Kolesnikov S, Kruglov A, Nader ND. Adjuvant dexamethasone with bupivacaine prolongs the duration of interscalene block: a prospective randomized trial. J Anesth. 2011 Oct;25(5):704-9. doi: 10.1007/s00540-011-1180-x. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Persec J, Persec Z, Kopljar M, Zupcic M, Sakic L, Zrinjscak IK, Marinic DK. Low-dose dexamethasone with levobupivacaine improves analgesia after supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade. Int Orthop. 2014 Jan;38(1):101-5. doi: 10.1007/s00264-013-2094-z. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kim YJ, Lee GY, Kim DY, Kim CH, Baik HJ, Heo S. Dexamathasone added to levobupivacaine improves postoperative analgesia in ultrasound guided interscalene brachial plexus blockade for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2012 Feb;62(2):130-4. doi: 10.4097/kjae.2012.62.2.130. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Barrington MJ, Watts SA, Gledhill SR, Thomas RD, Said SA, Snyder GL, Tay VS, Jamrozik K. Preliminary results of the Australasian Regional Anaesthesia Collaboration: a prospective audit of more than 7000 peripheral nerve and plexus blocks for neurologic and other complications. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009 Nov-Dec;34(6):534-41. doi: 10.1097/aap.0b013e3181ae72e8.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Barrington MJ, Kluger R. Ultrasound guidance reduces the risk of local anesthetic systemic toxicity following peripheral nerve blockade. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013 Jul-Aug;38(4):289-99. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e318292669b.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Compere V, Rey N, Baert O, Ouennich A, Fourdrinier V, Roussignol X, Beccari R, Dureuil B. Major complications after 400 continuous popliteal sciatic nerve blocks for post-operative analgesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2009 Mar;53(3):339-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2008.01849.x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Other Identifiers
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2014-004207-78
Identifier Type: EUDRACT_NUMBER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
ProtokolSB1
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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