Trial Outcomes & Findings for Electroencephalography Guidance of Anesthesia (NCT NCT02241655)

NCT ID: NCT02241655

Last Updated: 2019-07-30

Results Overview

Delirium will be assessed at baseline and then once a day postoperative for up to 5 days. Patients were assessed for delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method for verbal patients or the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit for non verbal or intubated patients, and patients medical records were reviewed for evidence of delirium by doctors and nurses assessments. Patients were considered to have delirium by any modality at anytime postoperative day one through five.

Recruitment status

UNKNOWN

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

1400 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

5 days

Results posted on

2019-07-30

Participant Flow

1400 participants were consented to the study168 were not randomized to a study treatment arm (2 died, 49 were ineligible after enrollment, 49 surgery was cancelled, 31 research team missed the surgery, 37 withdrew). A total of 1232 patients were randomized to a study arm.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Overall Study
STARTED
614
618
Overall Study
COMPLETED
614
618
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Electroencephalography Guidance of Anesthesia

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=614 Participants
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
n=618 Participants
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Total
n=1232 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
69.5 years
n=5 Participants
69.4 years
n=7 Participants
69.5 years
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
282 Participants
n=5 Participants
281 Participants
n=7 Participants
563 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
332 Participants
n=5 Participants
337 Participants
n=7 Participants
669 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
555 participants
n=5 Participants
558 participants
n=7 Participants
1113 participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black
54 participants
n=5 Participants
53 participants
n=7 Participants
107 participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Other
5 participants
n=5 Participants
7 participants
n=7 Participants
12 participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
614 Participants
n=5 Participants
618 Participants
n=7 Participants
1232 Participants
n=5 Participants
BMI
29.0 kg/m^2
n=5 Participants
29.0 kg/m^2
n=7 Participants
29.0 kg/m^2
n=5 Participants
Attended College
198 Participants
n=5 Participants
208 Participants
n=7 Participants
406 Participants
n=5 Participants
Lifetime tobacco use
376 Participants
n=5 Participants
349 Participants
n=7 Participants
725 Participants
n=5 Participants
Number of Participants with a Weekly Alcohol Intake
289 Participants
n=5 Participants
297 Participants
n=7 Participants
586 Participants
n=5 Participants
Current use of anticonvulsants
94 Participants
n=5 Participants
81 Participants
n=7 Participants
175 Participants
n=5 Participants
Regular use of opioids
154 Participants
n=5 Participants
149 Participants
n=7 Participants
303 Participants
n=5 Participants
Regular use of benzodiazepine
86 Participants
n=5 Participants
102 Participants
n=7 Participants
188 Participants
n=5 Participants
Number of participants with American Society of Anesthesiologist Classification greater than 3
209 Participants
n=5 Participants
221 Participants
n=7 Participants
430 Participants
n=5 Participants
Marginal exercise tolerance (METs) less than 4
297 Participants
n=5 Participants
295 Participants
n=7 Participants
592 Participants
n=5 Participants
Pulmonary hypertension
97 Participants
n=5 Participants
95 Participants
n=7 Participants
192 Participants
n=5 Participants
Aortic stenosis
90 Participants
n=5 Participants
108 Participants
n=7 Participants
198 Participants
n=5 Participants
History or high risk OSA
230 Participants
n=5 Participants
219 Participants
n=7 Participants
449 Participants
n=5 Participants
History of delirium
78 Participants
n=5 Participants
79 Participants
n=7 Participants
157 Participants
n=5 Participants
Number of comorbidities
5 Number of comorbidities
n=5 Participants
5 Number of comorbidities
n=7 Participants
5 Number of comorbidities
n=5 Participants
History of depression
85 Participants
n=5 Participants
83 Participants
n=7 Participants
168 Participants
n=5 Participants
Personal Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-8)
3 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
3 units on a scale
n=7 Participants
3.0 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
Short Blessed Test (SBT)
2 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
2 units on a scale
n=7 Participants
2.0 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
8-item Inerview-Differentiate Aging and Dementia (AD8)
0 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
0 units on a scale
n=7 Participants
0.0 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
Barthel Activies of Daily Living
15 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
15 units on a scale
n=7 Participants
15 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
Hand grip strength
26.4 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.0 • n=5 Participants
25.7 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.7 • n=7 Participants
26.1 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.9 • n=5 Participants
Timed up and go
10.5 seconds
n=5 Participants
11.0 seconds
n=7 Participants
10.8 seconds
n=5 Participants
Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
8 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
8 units on a scale
n=7 Participants
8 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
Physical Veterans Rand 12 Item Health Survey (VR-12) Score
38.1 Physical Score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.9 • n=5 Participants
38.2 Physical Score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.8 • n=7 Participants
38.1 Physical Score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.8 • n=5 Participants
Mental VR-12 score
53.6 Mental Score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.6 • n=5 Participants
53.6 Mental Score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.0 • n=7 Participants
53.6 Mental Score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.8 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 5 days

Population: A total of 1232 patients were randomized (614 EEG guided protocol and 618 control arm). In the EEG guided group 10 patients could not be assessed for delirium (6 comatose, 2 withdrew, 2 early hospital discharge). In the control arm 9 patients could not be assessed for delirium (1 died, 5 comatose, 1 withdrew, 2 early hospital discharge).

Delirium will be assessed at baseline and then once a day postoperative for up to 5 days. Patients were assessed for delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method for verbal patients or the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit for non verbal or intubated patients, and patients medical records were reviewed for evidence of delirium by doctors and nurses assessments. Patients were considered to have delirium by any modality at anytime postoperative day one through five.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=604 Participants
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
n=609 Participants
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Delirium POD 2-5
Patients who were delirious POD 2-5
Number of Participants With Delirium
157 Participants
140 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 1 year postoperatively

The hypothesis is that the EEG-guided anesthetic protocol and providing a safety intervention will prevent subsequent injurious falls. Falls will be assessed using the Prevention of Falls Network Europe (ProFaNE) questions. At baseline questions will be asked about preoperative falls, and at 30-days and 1-year postoperatively, questions will be asked about postoperative falls.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to one year postoperatively

The hypothesis is that the EEG-guided anesthetic protocol will improve postoperative quality of life. Patient self-reported Health-related Quality of Life information will be assessed through the Veteran's RAND 12-item Health Survey at baseline and during follow-up (30-day and 1-year).

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 5 days

Population: A total of 1232 patients were randomized (614 EEG guided protocol and 618 control arm). In the EEG guided group 10 patients could not be assessed for delirium (6 comatose, 2 withdrew, 2 early hospital discharge). In the control arm 9 patients could not be assessed for delirium (1 died, 5 comatose, 1 withdrew, 2 early hospital discharge).

Duration will be calculated by the number of positive CAM,CAM-ICU or delirium chart reviews.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=604 Participants
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
n=609 Participants
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Delirium POD 2-5
Patients who were delirious POD 2-5
Duration of Delirium
1 days
Interval 1.0 to 3.0
1 days
Interval 1.0 to 3.0

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 5 days

The Family Confusion Assessment Method (FAM-CAM) instrument has previously been shown to have good agreement with the CAM and with DSM-IV diagnostic criteria in patients with cognitive impairment and in hospitalized patients.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 30 days post discharge

As measured by the FAM-CAM and patient perceptions

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 1 year

Delirium incidence, duration and severity have all been shown to be associated with other (downstream) clinically relevant outcomes, including mortality, length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, falls, cognitive decline and functional decline.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 5 days

Given that postoperative delirium is common and may relate to uncontrolled pain, this has important implications for the assessment and treatment of postoperative pain. We plan to compare patient reported and behavioral pain assessments in both non-delirious and delirious patients.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 1 day

Population: A total of 84 patients had analyzable data and included in the analysis. Patients were pooled regardless of intervention (EEG guidance or usual care) since the primary outcome was to assess whether using actigraphy could predict delirium regardless of interventions. Therefore, patients were separated by delirious and non-delirious patients.

Postoperative disturbances in sleep abnormalities have previously been associated with postoperative delirium. Measures of root mean-squared activity (RMSactivity) was calculated by combining counts (binned in 1-minute intervals) across all three accelerometer axes (X, Y, and Z) from 16:00 on the day of surgery to 6:00 the following day. Median activity count was calculated from all minutes with nonzero RMS activity within each epoch- higher values indicate more movement.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=51 Participants
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
n=24 Participants
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Delirium POD 2-5
n=13 Participants
Patients who were delirious POD 2-5
Postoperative Actigraphy
134 minutes RMSactivity>0
Interval 59.0 to 195.0
101 minutes RMSactivity>0
Interval 50.0 to 141.0
93 minutes RMSactivity>0
Interval 36.0 to 236.0

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 5 days

Population: Patients who were in the ICU, had a nursing CAM-ICU assessment and researcher's delirium assessment were included in this analysis. Agreement between the instruments was calculated using Kappa agreement.

Routine clinical (i.e. conducted by ICU nursing staff) delirium assessments in the intensive care units (conducted with the CAM-ICU) will be collected when these are available. Comparison will be made on the outcome of the assessment (positive for delirium or negative by delirium) between these routine clinical assessments and the assessments made by the research team. Since the purpose of this is to determine whether clinical staff are picking up episodes of delirium compared to researcher's assessment in all patients regardless of treatment group, data from both treatment arms were combined for the analysis.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=562 Participants
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Delirium POD 2-5
Patients who were delirious POD 2-5
Relationship Between Clinical CAM-ICU and Rigorous Delirium Assessments
0.37 Cohen's kappa coefficient
Interval 0.29 to 0.44

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 1 year

There is an ongoing randomized, clinical trial investigating the effects of depth of anesthesia on a range of outcomes98, including death, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, pulmonary embolus, stroke, surgical site infection, ICU length of stay, hospital length of stay, intraoperative awareness, persistent pain and cancer recurrence. Many of these outcomes are tracked with the SATISFY-SOS study, and will therefore be reported for patients enrolled in the ENGAGES study.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 5 days

Population: Covariated included were pre-selected and considered likely to be associated with postoperative delirium.

It is important to improve our understanding of factors that are associated with an increased incidence of postoperative delirium or perhaps may even mediate an elevated risk for postoperative delirium. The arm/group was included in the model to determine if it was associated with postoperative delirium therefore data is not presented by arm/group.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=1051 Participants
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Delirium POD 2-5
Patients who were delirious POD 2-5
Delirium Prediction Models
Preoperative opioids
1.27 odds ratio
Interval 0.88 to 1.82
Delirium Prediction Models
Preoperative sodium level
0.98 odds ratio
Interval 0.94 to 1.03
Delirium Prediction Models
Preoperative creatinine level
1.06 odds ratio
Interval 0.91 to 1.22
Delirium Prediction Models
Preoperative hemoglobin level
0.99 odds ratio
Interval 0.91 to 1.08
Delirium Prediction Models
Cardiac surgery
0.92 odds ratio
Interval 0.58 to 1.44
Delirium Prediction Models
Hearing aid use
0.82 odds ratio
Interval 0.52 to 1.3
Delirium Prediction Models
No. Comorbidities
1.08 odds ratio
Interval 1.01 to 1.16
Delirium Prediction Models
ASA greater than 3
1.98 odds ratio
Interval 1.27 to 3.09
Delirium Prediction Models
Marginal exercise tolerance less than 4 METS
1.21 odds ratio
Interval 0.86 to 1.7
Delirium Prediction Models
Falls in previous 6 months
1.25 odds ratio
Interval 0.88 to 1.76
Delirium Prediction Models
Preoperative benzodiazepines
1.28 odds ratio
Interval 0.85 to 1.94
Delirium Prediction Models
Guided Group
1.12 odds ratio
Interval 0.3 to 1.64
Delirium Prediction Models
Age
1.04 odds ratio
Interval 1.02 to 1.06
Delirium Prediction Models
Male
0.99 odds ratio
Interval 0.71 to 1.38
Delirium Prediction Models
White
0.46 odds ratio
Interval 0.28 to 0.74
Delirium Prediction Models
Living alone
0.91 odds ratio
Interval 0.63 to 1.32
Delirium Prediction Models
History of delirium
1.83 odds ratio
Interval 1.21 to 2.76
Delirium Prediction Models
Preoperative PHQ8
1.03 odds ratio
Interval 0.99 to 1.07
Delirium Prediction Models
Preoperative Lawton
0.95 odds ratio
Interval 0.83 to 1.09
Delirium Prediction Models
Preoperative Barthel
0.95 odds ratio
Interval 0.81 to 1.12

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 5 years

The ENGAGES study is being conducted in collaboration with complementary trials at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) (NCT01983384), the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg. Some of the outcomes will be analyzed considering data from some or all of these studies, as appropriate. In terms of the practicality of disseminating the EEG-guided protocol in North America and beyond, it will be important to demonstrate the feasibility and impact of the protocol in multiple sites.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 5 days

Population: A total of 1232 patients were randomized (614 EEG guided protocol and 618 control arm). In the EEG guided group 10 patients could not be assessed for delirium (6 comatose, 2 withdrew, 2 early hospital discharge). In the control arm 9 patients could not be assessed for delirium (1 died, 5 comatose, 1 withdrew, 2 early hospital discharge).

The severity of delirium will be scored using the CAM-Severity (CAM-S) metric, which has specifically been shown to be strongly associated with clinically relevant outcomes. Severe delirium was defined as patients with a CAM-S score of 10 or greater (range 0-19).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=604 Participants
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
n=609 Participants
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Delirium POD 2-5
Patients who were delirious POD 2-5
Number of Participants With Severe Delirium
59 Participants
51 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 5 days

EEG abnormalities have previously been associated with postoperative delirium

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 1 day

Population: A total of 84 patients had analyzable data and included in the analysis. Patients were pooled regardless of intervention (EEG guidance or usual care) since the primary outcome was to assess whether using actigraphy could predict delirium regardless of interventions. Therefore, patients were separated by delirious and non-delirious patients.

Postoperative disturbances in sleep abnormalities have previously been associated with postoperative delirium. Measures of root mean-squared activity (RMSactivity) was calculated by combining counts (binned in 1-minute intervals) across all three accelerometer axes (X, Y, and Z) from 16:00 on the day of surgery to 6:00 the following day. We quantified inactivity using the number of immobile minutes, defined as the total number of minutes with an RMSactivity count of zero- higher number indicates patient had more time being immobile.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=51 Participants
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
n=24 Participants
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Delirium POD 2-5
n=13 Participants
Patients who were delirious POD 2-5
Postoperative Actigraphy- Immobile Minutes
548 minutes RMSactivity=0
Interval 472.0 to 625.0
584 minutes RMSactivity=0
Interval 430.0 to 620.0
604 minutes RMSactivity=0
Interval 440.0 to 683.0

Adverse Events

EEG Guided Protocol

Serious events: 124 serious events
Other events: 361 other events
Deaths: 4 deaths

Control Arm

Serious events: 130 serious events
Other events: 345 other events
Deaths: 20 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=614 participants at risk
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
n=618 participants at risk
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Bleeding/anemia requiring unexpected transfusion
0.81%
5/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.8%
11/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Embolus
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.32%
2/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Thrombocytopenia
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Thrombosis without embolus
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.81%
5/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Other hematologic event
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.00%
0/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac Arrest
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.9%
12/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac tamponade
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.00%
0/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Congestive heart failure
0.65%
4/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.32%
2/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Myocardial infarction
0.49%
3/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.81%
5/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Unexpected atrial fibrillation
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.32%
2/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Unexpected cardiogenic shock
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.97%
6/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Unexpected heart block
0.49%
3/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Other unexpected abnormal heart rhythms
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.81%
5/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Endocrine disorders
Unexpected hypo or hyperkelemia
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.00%
0/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Endocrine disorders
Unexpected hypo or hypernatremia
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Endocrine disorders
Other endocrine or metabolic event
0.49%
3/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.81%
5/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
Anastomotic leak
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea and/or vomiting
1.3%
8/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
GI bleed
0.81%
5/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
Ileus/bowel obstruction
2.0%
12/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.3%
8/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
Other GI event
2.3%
14/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
2.9%
18/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Anaphylaxis
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Infectious colitis
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.65%
4/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Sepsis
1.5%
9/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.8%
11/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
UTI
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Wound infection
1.8%
11/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
2.1%
13/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Other immune or infectious event
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Nervous system disorders
Anoxic encephalopathy
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Nervous system disorders
Stroke
1.6%
10/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.65%
4/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Nervous system disorders
Pain
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.00%
0/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Nervous system disorders
Other neurological event
0.49%
3/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.65%
4/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Hemothorax
0.49%
3/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pleural effusion
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumonia
1.6%
10/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
pneumothorax
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Respiratory Failures
3.4%
21/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
4.4%
27/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Other respiratory event
0.98%
6/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.32%
2/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Renal and urinary disorders
Acute kidney injury
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.97%
6/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal failure requiring dialysis
0.98%
6/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.1%
7/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Renal and urinary disorders
Urinary retention
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.00%
0/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Renal and urinary disorders
Other renal event
0.49%
3/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Vascular disorders
Non-cardiogenic shock
0.65%
4/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Vascular disorders
Unexpected hypotension
0.65%
4/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Vascular disorders
Other vascular event
1.1%
7/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.5%
9/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Surgical and medical procedures
Other body system event
2.0%
12/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
2.3%
14/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
EEG Guided Protocol
n=614 participants at risk
Participants will have a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol during their surgery. Practitioners will modify administration of anesthesia in an attempt to limit the occurrence of EEG burst suppression or persistent suppression. a pragmatic EEG-guided anesthetic protocol
Control Arm
n=618 participants at risk
Participants will have the standard anesthetic protocol.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Bleeding/anemia requiring unexpected transfusion
19.7%
121/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
20.4%
126/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Embolus
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Thrombocytopenia
3.9%
24/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
3.7%
23/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Thrombosis without embolus
2.4%
15/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.9%
12/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Other hematologic event
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Myocardial infarction
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.81%
5/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Unexpected atrial fibrillation
11.9%
73/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
15.7%
97/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Unexpected cardiogenic shock
0.98%
6/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.81%
5/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Unexpected heart block
2.8%
17/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
2.4%
15/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Other unexpected abnormal heart rhythms
1.5%
9/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
2.4%
15/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Other cardiac event
1.6%
10/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.1%
7/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Endocrine disorders
unexpected hypo or hyperglycemia
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.81%
5/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Endocrine disorders
Unexpected hypo or hyperkalemia
1.5%
9/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Endocrine disorders
Unexpected hypo or hypernatremia
2.1%
13/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.97%
6/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Endocrine disorders
Other endocrine event
0.81%
5/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.81%
5/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea and/or vomiting
1.5%
9/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.6%
10/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
GI bleed
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
Ileus/bowel obstruction
3.6%
22/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
3.6%
22/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Gastrointestinal disorders
Other GI event
2.0%
12/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.8%
11/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Infectious colitis
0.98%
6/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Non-anaphylactic allergic reaction
0.49%
3/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Sepsis
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
UTI
3.3%
20/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
3.1%
19/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Wound infection
2.3%
14/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.6%
10/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Immune system disorders
Other immune event
3.1%
19/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
2.3%
14/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Nervous system disorders
Stroke
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.00%
0/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Nervous system disorders
Pain
0.65%
4/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Nervous system disorders
Other neurological event
1.1%
7/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.3%
8/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Atelectasis
0.49%
3/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.32%
2/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Hemothorax
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.00%
0/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Hypoxemia
0.65%
4/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.00%
0/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pleural effusion
0.16%
1/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.8%
11/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumonia
0.98%
6/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.6%
10/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumothorax
0.81%
5/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.32%
2/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Respiratory Failures
1.5%
9/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.6%
10/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Other respiratory event
3.9%
24/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
2.8%
17/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Renal and urinary disorders
Acute kidney injury
6.5%
40/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
6.5%
40/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal failure requiring dialysis
0.00%
0/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Renal and urinary disorders
Urinary retention
5.9%
36/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
4.5%
28/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Renal and urinary disorders
Other renal event
3.3%
20/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
3.2%
20/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Cardiac disorders
Non-cardiogenic shock
0.65%
4/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.49%
3/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Vascular disorders
Unexpected hypertension
0.33%
2/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
0.16%
1/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Vascular disorders
Unexpected hypotension
2.4%
15/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
3.1%
19/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Vascular disorders
Other vascular event
1.3%
8/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
1.8%
11/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
Surgical and medical procedures
Other body system event
2.1%
13/614 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively
2.1%
13/618 • Adverse events were collected during surgery up to 30 days postoperatively

Additional Information

Dr. Michael Avidan, MBBCh

Washington University

Phone: 314-332-7265

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place