Trial Outcomes & Findings for Extension Trial Assessing the Safety and Efficacy of BI 655066/ABBV-066/Risankizumab in Patients With Moderate to Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis (NCT NCT02203851)

NCT ID: NCT02203851

Last Updated: 2019-11-08

Results Overview

An adverse event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. The investigator assessed the relationship of each event to the use of study drug as either probably related, possibly related, probably not related or not related. A serious adverse event (SAE) is an event that results in death, is life-threatening, requires or prolongs hospitalization, results in a congenital anomaly, persistent or significant disability/incapacity or is an important medical event that, based on medical judgment, may jeopardize the subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent any of the outcomes listed above. Treatment-emergent events (TEAEs/TESAEs) are defined as any event with an onset after the first dose of risankizumab in this study. See the Adverse Event section for details.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

110 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

From first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study until 12 weeks after the last dose of study drug (approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study)

Results posted on

2019-11-08

Participant Flow

Analyses were performed using the intent-to-treat (ITT) population defined as all participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug. As predefined, the demographics, disposition and safety results were summarized for ITT population. Efficacy results were summarized by the 4 treatment groups from the lead-in study (Study 1311.2; NCT02054481).

Participants completing lead-in study and met eligibility for this study were enrolled; demographic/disposition were not collected by dose level. Some participants in extension study had dose escalation due to lack of efficacy, predefined selected safety analysis were broken down by groups: participants remaining at 90mg and those receiving 180mg.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg
Participants received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Overall Study
STARTED
110
Overall Study
COMPLETED
99
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
11

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg
Participants received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
4
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
6
Overall Study
Other
1

Baseline Characteristics

Extension Trial Assessing the Safety and Efficacy of BI 655066/ABBV-066/Risankizumab in Patients With Moderate to Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg
n=110 Participants
Participants received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Age, Continuous
49.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.04 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
44 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
66 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
92 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
101 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study until 12 weeks after the last dose of study drug (approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study)

Population: Safety population, which is the same as the Intent to Treat (ITT) population for this study (defined as all participants who received at least one dose of study drug in the study), summarized by the group the participants who remained at 90 mg throughout the study and the participants who received 180 mg

An adverse event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. The investigator assessed the relationship of each event to the use of study drug as either probably related, possibly related, probably not related or not related. A serious adverse event (SAE) is an event that results in death, is life-threatening, requires or prolongs hospitalization, results in a congenital anomaly, persistent or significant disability/incapacity or is an important medical event that, based on medical judgment, may jeopardize the subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent any of the outcomes listed above. Treatment-emergent events (TEAEs/TESAEs) are defined as any event with an onset after the first dose of risankizumab in this study. See the Adverse Event section for details.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=23 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=87 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
18 participants
67 participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study until 12 weeks after the last dose of study drug (approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study)

Population: Safety Population summarized by the group the participants who remained at 90 mg throughout the study and the participants who received 180 mg

An adverse event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. The investigator assessed the relationship of each event to the use of study drug as either probably related, possibly related, probably not related or not related. A serious adverse event (SAE) is an event that results in death, is life-threatening, requires or prolongs hospitalization, results in a congenital anomaly, persistent or significant disability/incapacity or is an important medical event that, based on medical judgment, may jeopardize the subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent any of the outcomes listed above. Treatment-emergent events (TEAEs/TESAEs) are defined as any event with an onset after the first dose of risankizumab in this study. See the Adverse Event section for details.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=23 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=87 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Number of Participants With Drug-related TEAEs
3 participants
12 participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study until 12 weeks after the last dose of study drug (approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study)

Population: Safety population summarized by the group the participants who remained at 90 mg throughout the study and the participants who received 180 mg

An adverse event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. The investigator assessed the relationship of each event to the use of study drug as either probably related, possibly related, probably not related or not related. A serious adverse event (SAE) is an event that results in death, is life-threatening, requires or prolongs hospitalization, results in a congenital anomaly, persistent or significant disability/incapacity or is an important medical event that, based on medical judgment, may jeopardize the subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent any of the outcomes listed above. Treatment-emergent events (TEAEs/TESAEs) are defined as any event with an onset after the first dose of risankizumab in this study. See the Adverse Event section for details.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=23 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=87 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Serious Adverse Events (TESAEs)
2 participants
12 participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 48

Population: ITT population: defined as all participants who received at least one dose of study drug in the study and summarized by the 4 treatment groups from the lead-in study (Study 1311.2; NCT02054481).

Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) is a composite score based on the degree of effect on body surface area of psoriasis and the extension of erythema (reddening), induration (thickness), desquamation (scaling) of the lesions and area affected as observed on the day of examination. The severity of each sign was assessed using a 5-point scale, where 0=no symptoms, 1=slight, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked. The PASI score ranges from 0 to 72, where 0 indicates no psoriasis and 72 indicates very severe psoriasis. PASI90 is defined as at least a 90% reduction in PASI score compared with the Baseline PASI score. Baseline PASI for this study is defined as the baseline PASI in the lead-in study. The percent reduction in score is calculated as (PASI score at Baseline - score at follow-up visit) / PASI score at Baseline \* 100.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
n=32 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=22 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Percentage of Participants Achieving 90% Improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI90) Score at Week 48 in the Extended Dosing Period
77.8 percentage of participants
Interval 62.1 to 93.5
71.9 percentage of participants
Interval 56.3 to 87.5
74.1 percentage of participants
Interval 57.5 to 90.6
72.7 percentage of participants
Interval 54.1 to 91.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 48

Population: ITT Population summarized by the 4 treatment groups from the lead-in study

The sPGA is an assessment by the investigator of the overall disease severity at the time of evaluation. Erythema (E), induration (I), and desquamation (D) are scored on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 (none) to 4 (severe). The sPGA ranges from 0 to 4, and is calculated as Clear (0) = 0 for all three; Almost clear (1) = mean \>0, \<1.5; Mild (2) = mean ≥1.5, \<2.5; Moderate (3) = mean ≥2.5, \<3.5; and Severe (4) = mean ≥3.5. Baseline is defined as the last non-missing value on or before the date of the first dose of study drug in the lead-in study.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
n=32 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=22 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Percentage of Participants Achieving Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) of Clear or Almost Clear at Week 48 of Extended Dosing Period
70.4 percentage of participants
Interval 53.1 to 87.6
68.8 percentage of participants
Interval 52.7 to 84.8
66.7 percentage of participants
Interval 48.9 to 84.4
63.6 percentage of participants
Interval 43.5 to 83.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 48

Population: ITT population summarized by the 4 treatment groups from the lead-in study

PASI is a composite score based on the degree of effect on body surface area of psoriasis and the extension of erythema (reddening), induration (thickness), desquamation (scaling) of the lesions and area affected as observed on the day of examination. The severity of each sign was assessed using a 5-point scale, where 0=no symptoms, 1=slight, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked. The PASI score ranges from 0 to 72, where 0 indicates no psoriasis and 72 indicates very severe psoriasis. PASI50 is defined as at least a 50% reduction in PASI score compared with the Baseline PASI score. Baseline PASI for this study is defined as the baseline PASI in the lead-in study. The percent reduction in score is calculated as (PASI score at Baseline - score at follow-up visit) / PASI score at Baseline \* 100.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
n=32 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=22 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Percentage of Participants Achieving 50% Improvement in PASI (PASI50) Score at Week 48 in the Extended Dosing Period
96.3 percentage of participants
Interval 89.2 to 100.0
100.0 percentage of participants
Interval 100.0 to 100.0
100.0 percentage of participants
Interval 100.0 to 100.0
95.5 percentage of participants
Interval 86.8 to 100.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 48

Population: ITT population summarized by the 4 treatment groups from the lead-in study

PASI is a composite score based on the degree of effect on body surface area of psoriasis and the extension of erythema (reddening), induration (thickness), desquamation (scaling) of the lesions and area affected as observed on the day of examination. The severity of each sign was assessed using a 5-point scale, where 0=no symptoms, 1=slight, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked. The PASI score ranges from 0 to 72, where 0 indicates no psoriasis and 72 indicates very severe psoriasis. PASI75 is defined as at least a 75% reduction in PASI score compared with the Baseline PASI score. Baseline PASI for this study is defined as the baseline PASI in the lead-in study. The percent reduction in score is calculated as (PASI score at Baseline - score at follow-up visit) / PASI score at Baseline \* 100.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
n=32 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=22 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Percentage of Participants Achieving 75% Improvement in PASI (PASI75) Score at Week 48 in the Extended Dosing Period
92.6 percentage of participants
Interval 82.7 to 100.0
90.6 percentage of participants
Interval 80.5 to 100.0
96.3 percentage of participants
Interval 89.2 to 100.0
86.4 percentage of participants
Interval 72.0 to 100.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 48

Population: ITT population summarized by the 4 treatment groups from the lead-in study

PASI is a composite score based on the degree of effect on body surface area of psoriasis and the extension of erythema (reddening), induration (thickness), desquamation (scaling) of the lesions and area affected as observed on the day of examination. The severity of each sign was assessed using a 5-point scale, where 0=no symptoms, 1=slight, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked. The PASI score ranges from 0 to 72, where 0 indicates no psoriasis and 72 indicates very severe psoriasis. PASI100 is defined as a 100% reduction in PASI score compared with the Baseline PASI score. Baseline PASI for this study is defined as the baseline PASI in the lead-in study. The percent reduction in score is calculated as (PASI score at Baseline - score at follow-up visit) / PASI score at Baseline \* 100.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
n=32 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=22 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Percentage of Participants Achieving 100% Improvement in PASI (PASI100) Score at Week 48 in the Extended Dosing Period
55.6 percentage of participants
Interval 36.8 to 74.3
50.0 percentage of participants
Interval 32.7 to 67.3
55.6 percentage of participants
Interval 36.8 to 74.3
54.5 percentage of participants
Interval 33.7 to 75.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 48

Population: ITT Population summarized by the 4 treatment groups from the lead-in study

The sPGA is an assessment by the investigator of the overall disease severity at the time of evaluation. Erythema (E), induration (I), and desquamation (D) are scored on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 (none) to 4 (severe). The sPGA ranges from 0 to 4, and is calculated as Clear (0) = 0 for all three; Almost clear (1) = mean \>0, \<1.5; Mild (2) = mean ≥1.5, \<2.5; Moderate (3) = mean ≥2.5, \<3.5; and Severe (4) = mean ≥3.5. Baseline is defined as the last non-missing value on or before the date of the first dose of study drug in the lead-in study.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg/Risankizumab
n=32 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 180 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Ustekinumab/Risankizumab
n=27 Participants
Participants who received ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 18 mg/Risankizumab
n=22 Participants
Participants who received risankizumab 18 mg in the lead-in study received open-label (OL) risankizumab 90 mg or 180 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in this study at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Percentage of Participants Achieving sPGA of Clear at Week 48 of Extended Dosing Period
63.0 percentage of participants
Interval 44.7 to 81.2
56.3 percentage of participants
Interval 39.1 to 73.4
55.6 percentage of participants
Interval 36.8 to 74.3
54.5 percentage of participants
Interval 33.7 to 75.4

Adverse Events

Risankizumab 90 mg

Serious events: 12 serious events
Other events: 46 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Risankizumab 180 mg

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 15 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg
n=87 participants at risk
Participants entered the study receiving risankizumab 90 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection and had ≥ PASI 90 at week 12 continued to receive risankizumab 90 mg at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg
n=23 participants at risk
Participants entered the study receiving risankizumab 90 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection and had \< PASI 90 at week 12 switched to risankizumab 180 mg at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Cardiac disorders
Myocardial infarction
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Endocrine disorders
Goitre
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Eye disorders
Glaucoma
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Eye disorders
Macular degeneration
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
General disorders
Non-cardiac chest pain
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Cystitis
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Pneumonia
0.00%
0/87 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
4.3%
1/23 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Pyelonephritis
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Sepsis
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Fall
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Lower limb fracture
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hypoglycaemia
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthritis
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Intervertebral disc protrusion
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Basal cell carcinoma
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
4.3%
1/23 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Papilloma
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Squamous cell carcinoma of skin
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Nervous system disorders
Carpal tunnel syndrome
0.00%
0/87 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
4.3%
1/23 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Nervous system disorders
Syncope
1.1%
1/87 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Nervous system disorders
Transient ischaemic attack
2.3%
2/87 • Number of events 3 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Nervous system disorders
Ulnar neuritis
0.00%
0/87 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
4.3%
1/23 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Psychiatric disorders
Psychotic disorder
0.00%
0/87 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
4.3%
1/23 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
0.00%
0/87 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
4.3%
1/23 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Risankizumab 90 mg
n=87 participants at risk
Participants entered the study receiving risankizumab 90 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection and had ≥ PASI 90 at week 12 continued to receive risankizumab 90 mg at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Risankizumab 180 mg
n=23 participants at risk
Participants entered the study receiving risankizumab 90 mg by subcutaneous (SC) injection and had \< PASI 90 at week 12 switched to risankizumab 180 mg at Week 12 and every 12 weeks for approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Bronchitis
5.7%
5/87 • Number of events 6 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
8.7%
2/23 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Influenza
8.0%
7/87 • Number of events 7 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Nasopharyngitis
18.4%
16/87 • Number of events 33 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
13.0%
3/23 • Number of events 8 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Sinusitis
3.4%
3/87 • Number of events 5 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
13.0%
3/23 • Number of events 3 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Tooth abscess
6.9%
6/87 • Number of events 6 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Upper respiratory tract infection
12.6%
11/87 • Number of events 16 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
17.4%
4/23 • Number of events 5 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Infections and infestations
Urinary tract infection
9.2%
8/87 • Number of events 9 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
4.3%
1/23 • Number of events 1 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Muscle strain
2.3%
2/87 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
8.7%
2/23 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia
10.3%
9/87 • Number of events 10 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
8.7%
2/23 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Pain in extremity
4.6%
4/87 • Number of events 4 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
8.7%
2/23 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Dermal cyst
2.3%
2/87 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
8.7%
2/23 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Dermatitis contact
2.3%
2/87 • Number of events 2 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
13.0%
3/23 • Number of events 3 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
Vascular disorders
Hypertension
6.9%
6/87 • Number of events 6 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.
0.00%
0/23 • Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious adverse events (TESAEs) were collected from first dose of study drug in either the lead-in or extension study with an onset date within 105 days after the last dose of study drug or approximately 4 years from the first dose in either the lead-in or extension study.

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