Trial Outcomes & Findings for Kangaroo Mother Care to Prevent Hypothermia in Term Infants (NCT NCT02189759)

NCT ID: NCT02189759

Last Updated: 2017-06-19

Results Overview

Temperature taken per axilla using digital thermometer

• Recruitment status: COMPLETED
• Study phase: NA
• Target enrollment: 375 participants
• Primary outcome timeframe: Time of birth to 1 hour
• Results posted on: 2017-06-19

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Measure	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-in	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care of Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth, without additional encouragement per study personnel. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant bec	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from one hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), the	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care without additional encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from 1 hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), standard treatment will be given which may include remova
Overall Study STARTED	102	101	83	89
Overall Study COMPLETED	102	101	81	84
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0	2	5

Reasons for withdrawal

Measure	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-in	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care of Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth, without additional encouragement per study personnel. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant bec	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from one hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), the	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care without additional encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from 1 hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), standard treatment will be given which may include remova
Overall Study Lost to Follow-up	0	0	2	5

Baseline Characteristics

Kangaroo Mother Care to Prevent Hypothermia in Term Infants

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Measure	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=102 Participants Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-in	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=101 Participants Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care of Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth, without additional encouragement per study personnel. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant bec	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge n=81 Participants Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from one hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), the	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge n=84 Participants Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care without additional encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from 1 hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), standard treatment will be given which may include remova	Total n=368 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	102 Participants n=5 Participants	101 Participants n=7 Participants	81 Participants n=5 Participants	84 Participants n=4 Participants	368 Participants n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical <=18 years	102 Participants n=5 Participants	101 Participants n=7 Participants	81 Participants n=5 Participants	84 Participants n=4 Participants	368 Participants n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical >=65 years	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Age, Continuous	1 hours n=5 Participants	1 hours n=7 Participants	6 hours n=5 Participants	6 hours n=4 Participants	6 hours n=21 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	52 Participants n=5 Participants	54 Participants n=7 Participants	42 Participants n=5 Participants	46 Participants n=4 Participants	194 Participants n=21 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	50 Participants n=5 Participants	47 Participants n=7 Participants	39 Participants n=5 Participants	38 Participants n=4 Participants	174 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Region of Enrollment Zambia	102 Participants n=5 Participants	101 Participants n=7 Participants	81 Participants n=5 Participants	84 Participants n=4 Participants	368 Participants n=21 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Time of birth to 1 hour

Temperature taken per axilla using digital thermometer

Outcome measures

Measure	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=102 Participants Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-in	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=101 Participants Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care of Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth, without additional encouragement per study personnel. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant bec	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from one hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), the	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care without additional encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from 1 hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), standard treatment will be given which may include remova
Number of Infants With Axillary Temperature <36.0 Degrees Celsius	55 Participants	56 Participants	—	—

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: At discharge or 24 hours after birth (whichever is first)

Temperature taken per axilla using diigital thermometer at Discharge or 24hrs after birth

Outcome measures

Measure	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=81 Participants Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-in	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=84 Participants Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care of Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth, without additional encouragement per study personnel. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant bec	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from one hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), the	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care without additional encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from 1 hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), standard treatment will be given which may include remova
Number of Infants With Axillary Temperature < 36.0 Degrees Celsius at Discharge	14 Participants	14 Participants	—	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Duration of hospitalization-an average of 2 weeks

Any admission to the neonatal intensive care unit for higher level care

Outcome measures

Measure	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=102 Participants Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-in	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=101 Participants Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care of Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth, without additional encouragement per study personnel. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant bec	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge n=81 Participants Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from one hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), the	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge n=84 Participants Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care without additional encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from 1 hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), standard treatment will be given which may include remova
Number Infants Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Duration of hospitalization-an average of 2 weeks

Population: Infants in "Standard Kanagroo Mother Care to one hour after birth" and "Standard Kangaroo Mother care to discharge" groups received kangaroo mother care only during breastfeeding

Skin to skin contact between baby and mother

Outcome measures

Measure	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=102 Participants Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-in	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth n=101 Participants Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to one hour after birth: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care of Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible until 1 hour of birth, without additional encouragement per study personnel. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. All infants will be resuscitated as usual per Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines and hospital standard practices. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant bec	Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge n=81 Participants Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care with encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from one hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), the	Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge n=84 Participants Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to discharge: Infants will receive the standard WHO thermoregulation care without additional encouragement from study personnel to keep infant in Kangaroo Mother Care for as much as possible from 1 hour after birth to discharge. In KMC, the naked newborn infant with cap and diaper will be placed prone on mom's bare chest with blanket covering the infant's back. The nursing staff will supervise mother-infant when mother is sleeping with infant in KMC. If infant becomes hyperthermic (\>38 degrees Celsius), standard treatment will be given which may include remova
Duration of Kangaroo Mother Care	.6 Hours Standard Error .25	0 Hours Standard Error 0	7 Hours Standard Error 4	0 Hours Standard Error 0

Adverse Events

Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to One Hour After Birth

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Standard Kangaroo Mother Care to Discharge

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Manimaran Ramani

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Phone: 2054731425

Email: mramani@peds.uab.edu

Results disclosure agreements

• Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
• Publication restrictions are in place