The Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Systemic Immune Response During Human Endotoxemia

NCT ID: NCT02127749

Last Updated: 2015-12-30

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 16 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2014-06-30
• Study Completion Date: 2015-12-31

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine whether treatment with antibiotics, which harm the gut flora, causes the immune system to be less effective.

Detailed Description

Rationale: Sepsis ranks among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide. Most nonsurvivors die in a state of immunosuppression. The gut microbiota exerts numerous beneficial functions in the host response against infections. Gut flora components express microorganism-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed by neutrophils and macrophages. MAMPs from the intestinal microbiota constitutively translocate to the circulation and prime bone marrow derived neutrophils via PRRs. Antibiotic treatment, which is standard of care for all patients with sepsis, depletes the gut microbiota and leads to a diminished release of MAMPs and other bacteria derived products. This causes diminished priming of systemic immunity, which may attribute to sepsis associated immunosuppression and an increased susceptibility to invading bacteria.

Objective: To investigate the role of the gut microbiota in the systemic priming of immune effector cells during human endotoxemia

Study design: Randomized, between- and within-subject-controlled intervention study in human volunteers

Intervention: All subjects will receive lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin; 2 ng/kg bodyweight) intravenously to induce experimental endotoxemia. Eight subjects will be pretreated with broad spectrum antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, metronidazole) for seven days (washout period of 36 hours before endotoxemia), in order to deplete the gut microbiota. Blood and faeces will be sampled before, during and after endotoxemia.

Conditions

Endotoxemia

Keywords

antibiotics; gut microbiota; endotoxemia; innate immunity

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Control

Subjects are not pretreated with antibiotics Subjects receive 2 ng/kg endotoxin intravenously

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Endotoxin

Intervention Type: DRUG

Both groups will receive 2 ng/kg LPS (endotoxin) intravenously

Antibiotics

Subjects are pretreated with broad-spectrum antibiotics: Vancomycin, Metronidazole, Ciprofloxacin Subjects receive 2 ng/kg endotoxin intravenously

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Endotoxin

Intervention Type: DRUG

Both groups will receive 2 ng/kg LPS (endotoxin) intravenously

Vancomycin, Metronidazole, Ciprofloxacin

Intervention Type: DRUG

ciprofloxacin 500mg 2 times per day, vancomycin 500mg 3 times per day metronidazole 500mg 3 times per day All together during 7 days

Interventions

Endotoxin

Both groups will receive 2 ng/kg LPS (endotoxin) intravenously

Intervention Type: DRUG

Vancomycin, Metronidazole, Ciprofloxacin

ciprofloxacin 500mg 2 times per day, vancomycin 500mg 3 times per day metronidazole 500mg 3 times per day All together during 7 days

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

LPS

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Healthy
• Male between 18 and 35 years of age
• Capable of giving written informed consent
• Chemistry panel without any clinically relevant abnormality
• Normal defecation pattern

Exclusion Criteria

• Major illness in the past 3 months or any chronic medical illness
• History of any type of malignancy
• Past or current gastrointestinal disease
• Known positive test for hepatitis C antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen or HIV antibody 1 or 2
• Current or chronic history of liver disease
• Subject uses tobacco products
• History, within 3 years, of drug abuse
• History of alcoholism
• Any clinically relevant abnormality on the 12-lead ECG
• The subject has received an investigational product within three months
• Use of prescription or non-prescription drugs
• Use of antibiotics within 12 months
• Known allergy to antibiotics
• Subject has difficultly in donating blood or accessibility of a vein in left or right arm.
• Subject has donated more than 350 mL of blood in last 3 months
• Difficulty swallowing pills
• Body mass index more than 28

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 35 Years
• Eligible Sex: MALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

W.J. Wiersinga, MD, PhD

MD, PhD

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

W. J. Wiersinga, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam

Locations

Academic Medical Centre

Amsterdam, , Netherlands

Countries

Netherlands

References

Haak BW, Lankelma JM, Hugenholtz F, Belzer C, de Vos WM, Wiersinga WJ. Long-term impact of oral vancomycin, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole on the gut microbiota in healthy humans. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019 Mar 1;74(3):782-786. doi: 10.1093/jac/dky471.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 30418539 (View on PubMed)

Lankelma JM, Cranendonk DR, Belzer C, de Vos AF, de Vos WM, van der Poll T, Wiersinga WJ. Antibiotic-induced gut microbiota disruption during human endotoxemia: a randomised controlled study. Gut. 2017 Sep;66(9):1623-1630. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312132. Epub 2016 Jun 15.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 27307305 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

NL45198.018.13

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

NL45198.018.13

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id